BALBOA PARK HISTORY

Notes from the Richard Amero Collection

Balboa Park notes ~ Samuel Parsons ~ Kate Sessions

1929 | 1930 | 1931 | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940

THE NEW YORK TIMES INDEX

Increases work in bldg. Trades, Mr 3 X & XI, 3:3.

Roosevelt plans visit, Ap 13, 13:6.

Special 3-cent postage stamp to be issued, Ap 14, 28:5.

Plans; preparation for 12,000,000 visitors; illus, Ap 28 X 17:1.

Postmaster Gen. Farley announces special 3-cent stamp, My 7, 18:8.

Mexico authorizes display of Monte Alban jewels, My 10, 10:4.

Roosevelt promises visit, My 18, 2:2.

Feature article, illus. My 19, IV, 15:6.

Ford bldg. to appear on Fair stamp, My 24, 23:5.

Pres. Cardenas appts L Rodriguez to represent him, My 27 6:5

Opens; Pres Roosevelt s by telephone; Sec

Roper dedicates U S Govt Bldg, My 30, 3:3;

illus, My 31, 6:2; ed, My 31, 14:4.

Former Pres Hoover visits fair, Je 19, 18:7.

Gov Palencia brings greetings from Pres Cardenas, Ju 7, 23:6.

Letter, Robert E. Callahan to Board of Directors, California Pacific International Exposition, San Diego, Calif., Ju 18.

Facilities offered to Boy Scouts for jamboree, Ag 10, 4:3.

A. E. Smith send brown derby for N Y day, Ag 16, 17:1.

Illus, S 29, IV, 10:4.

H S Johnson, s, O 3, 15:4.

Roosevelt's; illus, O 3, 1:5, ed, O 4, 20:3.

Bible Day; Dr R A Millikan s, O 7, 4:2.

Medal awarded to Portland Symphony Orchestra for concerts, O 20, X, 7:8.

Closes; attendance rept; reopening date, N 13, 8:2.

San Diego Union, Sun, etc.

San Diego Union, January 1, 1935, 5:1. City awaits fire equipment for park station.

San Diego Union, January 2, 1935, 6:1. SERA musical units entertained more than 3,000 at Organ Pavilion yesterday afternoon.

San Diego Union, January 3, 1935, 3:8. William E. Harper, California State Senator, may ask for state building in Balboa Park.

San Diego Union, January 3, 1935, 3:6. Buildings at Exposition boost December permits; highest record since 1931.

San Diego Union, January 3, 1935, II, 1:4. 39 branches of the Arden Dairy will participate at the Exposition August 17 and demonstrate Red Cross methods used by drivers.

San Diego Union, January 3, 1935, II, 8:8. Walter R. Hepner, chief of division of secondary education of state department, is making plans for Palace of Education; Exposition directors will be Dr. Ira W. Kibby, chief of bureau of business education, and Mrs. Vesta C. Mueleisen.

San Diego Union, January 4, 1935, 1:2-4, 2:4. State education men discuss details of Exposition exhibits in San Diego parley.

San Diego Union, January 4, 1935, 1:3, 2:5. Dr. Kibby, W. R. Hepner, Mrs. Vesta C. Mueleisen and Richard Requa, Exposition supervising architect, considering plans for Palace of Education.

San Diego Union, January 4, 1935, 1:7-8, 2:1. Sailing ships of 14 nations may visit San Diego Exposition.

San Diego Union, January 4, 1935, 9:3. San Diego History Center will rededicate San Pasqual Memorial Ceremony, Moore and Friar streets, tomorrow at 3:30 p.m.

San Diego Union, January 5, 1935, 10:5-6. Salon of photography in $100,000 structure will be Exposition feature.

San Diego Union, January 5, 1935, II, 1:2. House of Pacific Relations will bring together representatives of 23 foreign nations to further world peace.

San Diego Union, January 6, 1935, II, 1:1. Past Exposition experience indicates 1935 Exposition will advance San Diego in a business way.

San Diego Union, January 6, 1935, II, 1:3. HALF-MINUTE INTERVIEW: Irwin A. Blietz, Chicago visitor, praised plans; Juan Larrinaga described lamps and lighting fixtures for Exposition; Orrin Chaffin, assistant manager U. S. Grant Hotel, mentioned creative activities.

San Diego Union, January 11, 1935, 5:3. Midget colony to be Exposition feature.

San Diego Union, January 14, 1935, 5:3-4. Huge flower beds planted in park will bloom when Exposition opens.

San Diego Union, January 17, 1935, 5:1. Emblem of Exposition conceived by Juan Larrinaga depicts various building types.

San Diego Union, January 18, 1935, 1:1-3, 2:6. Fletcher asks State for $200,000 building, exhibit at San Diego.

San Diego Union, January 18, 1935, 1:4, 2:4. Helen Towe, formerly of La Jolla, leaves $40,000 to San Diego Fine Arts Society.

San Diego Union, January 18, 1935, 1:7, 2:4. Solons pledge fight for Exposition building funds.

San Diego Union, January 19, 1935, 3:2-3. Zack J. Farmer named director of 1935 Exposition.

San Diego Union, January 19, 1935, II, 1:2. San Diego Zoological Society officials apply to Sacramento for $336,000 to make improvements and additions to San Diego Zoo.

San Diego Union, January 20, 1935, 1:7-8, 10:1. Fletcher seeks $200,000 for Exposition building.

San Diego Union, January 20, 1935, 5:2-4. Boy’s circus started San Diego Zoo; Dr. Wegeforth once wire walker, by Naomi Baker.

San Diego Union, January 21, 1935, 5:1. San Diego Army Reserve Officers and ROTC cadets held battle maneuvers near Balboa Park swimming pool yesterday morning.

San Diego Union, January 24, 1935, 3:5. Carl H. Heilbron named head of Collier memorial group; solicitation of funds will start soon.

San Diego Union, January 24, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: The State Exhibit.

San Diego Union, January 25, 1935, 2:4. Palace of Education has more than 15,000 sq. ft. of exhibit space.

San Diego Union, January 25, 1935, 9:1. Council asked to clear title to Russ school; 560 x 660 ft. wide tract in southwest corner of park; people voted a strip of land 60 ft. wide out of park to form Russ Boulevard, along south line of park.

City records show that in 1920 the voters gave 10 acres of park land adjacent to the high school to the Board of Education for intermediate school purposes at the same time that the Roosevelt Junior High School tract was voted out of the park and to the Board.

San Diego Union, January 25, 1935, 10:3. Committee on Finance passes Fletcher’s Exposition exhibit measure.

San Diego Union, January 26, 1935, 1:4, 2:4-5. Big Ford exhibit assured; $2 million Exposition plant announced.

San Diego Union, January 28, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: Verdict from Detroit - The Exposition is a good thing for the country, a great benefit to the West, and an opportunity for every exhibitor who takes park in it.

San Diego Union, February 2, 1935, II, 1:2. State legislators inspect Exposition, praise progress.

San Diego Union, February 8, 1935, II, 3:7. Exposition area to be closed to traffic February 15.

San Diego Union, February 9, 1935, II, 1:2. House of Hospitality’s housewarming attracts many to new building, by Irene Clark.

Yesterday afternoon more than 600 persons crowded in a constantly growing stream into the auditorium of that "palace" which so nobly fits its hospitable name, in answer to an invitation of the San Diego Women’s Civic Center backed by the friendly permission of the exposition board.

San Diego Union, February 10, 1935, II, 1:2-5. Drill troop training for exhibitions and for honor guard duties.

San Diego Union, February 10, 1935, 5:1. Birds favorite at Natural History Museum.

San Diego Union, February 11, 1935, 1:2, 2:5-6. Henry and Edsel Ford to visit Exposition; firm plans permanent structure.

San Diego Union, February 11, 1935, 5:1. Housemaking will be shown at Exposition.

San Diego Union, February 12, 1935, 1:6. Ford exhibit to rise in Balboa Park; contract is let for building of display at Exposition.

February 13, 1935. Be it resolved by the Park Commission of the City of San Diego as follows:

Whereas numerous applications have been made to members of the Park Commission and to the Director of Works on behalf of various public and quasi-public organizations and charities that said organizations and charities be permitted to construct within the confines of Balboa Park certain lodges or meeting places; said construction to be under plans and specifications having the sanction and approval of the Park Commission and the Director of Works - but said buildings and lodges to be under the exclusive control and possession of the organization or charity making the said request; and

Whereas precedent for such construction and control has heretofore been created by the granting of such privilege to the organizations known as the Boy Scouts of America, and also to the Girl Scouts; and

Whereas the members of the Park Commission feel that such organizations should, particularly at the present time, be encouraged and that our young people should be encouraged to have more activity within such organizations; that the creation of such organizations within the park would be of great public benefit in that it would tend to keep the members of such organizations off the streets of San Diego and out of the beer parlors and dance halls; and

Whereas the members of the Park Commission appreciate the obvious fact that letting down of the bars for quasi-private and quasi-public organizations in the park might result in severe encroachments over a period of time, the commission feels that such objection should be overcome by setting aside a definite limited area in the park for the use of such organizations;

Now, therefore, be it resolved by the Park Commission that the City Manager of the City of San Diego be requested to set aside a suitable area (but not to exceed ten acres) in Balboa Park at some point adjacent to MORLEY FIELD.

That said area of ten (10) acres be set aside for the purpose of allotting in said area, building sites to various quasi-private and quasi-public organizations and charities, the object of which being to train and care for San Diego boys and girls.

That in said area, building sites be assigned to such organizations subject to application therefor and approval thereof on the park to the Park Commission and the Director of Works.

That the plans and specifications for such buildings must be submitted to and have the approval of the Park Commission and the Director of Works.

That all such buildings shall be with the distinct understanding and agreement that such permission granted for the erection and occupancy of such buildings shall be subject to revocation upon thirty (30) days written notice, and upon the further understanding that should notice of removal be given such organization or charity shall, before the expiration of said thirty days notice, removed from the said park any buildings or improvements placed thereon.

That such permission be granted with the further understanding and agreement that the occupation and operation of said buildings and improvements shall be subject to the direction of the Park Commission and the Director of Works.

That such permission shall be subject to the further condition that said premises, buildings and improvements shall not be used by said organizations for the conduct of any commercial enterprise whatsoever.

Passed and adopted by the Park Commission of the City of San Diego, on the 13^th day of February, 1935; Commissioners Otto, Naylor and Yale voting aye.

A. Hill , Assistant Park Director,

Secretary

San Diego Herald, February 14, 1935, 1:3. All Exposition purchases shall be made locally.

San Diego Union, February 14, 1935, 1:7-8, 3:4. Standard Oil contracts for space at Exposition.

San Diego Union, February 14, 1935, 3:3. Adrian J. van Rossem, bird expert, joins staff of Museum of Natural History.

San Diego Union, February 15, 1935, 1:2, 2:7. House passes $350,000 Exposition exhibit bill; Senate approval is predicted.

San Diego Union, February 15, 1935, 5:4. U.S. Cavalry troops may be based in park for Exposition.

San Diego Union, February 16, 1935, 3:7. The Modern Art Studio, Inc. of New York and Chicago was named last night as the official builder of exhibits for the California-Pacific International Exposition.

San Diego Union, February 16, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: Flying Colors - A smashing victory of the San Diego California-Pacific International Exposition made the headlines yesterday with the news that the U.S. government would be a principal exhibitor.

San Diego Union, February 17, 1935, II, 5:5-6. Kate Sessions’ dream of park "desert" is coming true, by Ada Perry.

San Diego Union, February 18, 1935, 1:2, 3:5. City Manager George Buck was asked yesterday in a resolution approved by the San Diego Park Commission to set aside a 10-acre site in Balboa Park for buildings to be constructed by organizations and charities.

San Diego Union, February 20, 1935, 1:4-5, 2:8. Exposition California State Building assured; $90,000 project to start soon.

San Diego Union, February 22, 1935, 1:7-8, 2:1. Governor Merriam visits Exposition grounds; work started on California State Building.

San Diego Union, February 23, 1935, 1:2, 3:1. El Capitan Dam dedicated with ceremony.

San Diego Union, February 24, 1935, Society-Club, 7:1. Donal Hord work placed in park here, by Julia Gethman Andrews.

Donal Hord’s fountain figure of the Mexican woman with the olla is now in place in the patio of the Hospitality house, Balboa Park, and is no doubt the most permanent note in the exposition grounds. Michelangelo it was, I believe, who said that perfect sculpture demands that one should be able to roll it down the side of a mountain and find it unmarred. Donal Hord’s sculpture should meet this test of perfection, it is so completely of a piece.

At the same time, it possesses a deep subtlety and an irresistible rhythm from whatever side you approach it. The simplification of the human figure here adds expressiveness, both spiritually and physically. The face of the Indian woman has an eternal kind of beauty. (One thinks of Chinese portraiture.) There is the shadow of a smile, not the Mona Lisa smile of a decadent Italian society, but a smile that grows out of an elemental wisdom of a society that has lived intimately with rain and sun and wind and the good earth.

It is interesting to pass from the patio into what will be the women’s lounge, where San Diego craftsmen are decorating ceiling and doors in the manner and after the pattern of the 14^th century craftsmen. The work is an exact copy of the Gothic decoration in the cloisters of the monastery of Montesia, a Dominican convent which stood from the end of the 14^th century until recently in the heart of Barcelona. The lounge opens upon the construction of Moorish gardens, the construction of which Mr. Taylor himself is at present supervising.

San Diego Union, February 24, 1935, 1:1, 2:2-3. President Roosevelt promises Exposition visit.

San Diego Union, February 26, 1935, 1:2, 3:6. $350,000 Exposition bill sent to President Roosevelt; Senators pass fund by consent; Burnham’s measure provides for $125,000 Federal Building; foreign invitations authorized.

San Diego Union, February 26, 1935, Sports, 1:1-2. Navy accepts 25-acre Navy Field as gift of San Diego.

San Diego Union, February 27, 1935, 5:1. A. H. Gianninni, executive chairman of Bank of America, figures Exposition attendance at five million.

San Diego Union, February 28, 1935, 2:2. Shakespeare’s plays will be Exposition feature.

San Diego Union, February 28, 1935, 3:1. Board of Supervisors opposes taking management of Mission Bay State Park out of hands of State Park Commission.

San Diego Union, February 28, 1935, 5:1-2. Public is invited to contribute to Collier memorial.

March, 1935. The Architect and Engineer.

Exposition by William Hamilton, pp. 11-18, illustrated.

California International Fair will be Unique Contribution to Architectural Planning.

With more than eighty-five percent of the buildings of the California-Pacific International Exposition already erected in Balboa Park, San Diego, and the remaining structures definitely taking shape, "America’s Exposition of 1935" promises to offer a group of exhibition edifices that will be unique in the exposition annals of the Pacific Coast.

Concisely stated, the architecture of the 1935 California Pacific International Exposition will be a development of the historic and pre-historic architecture of Southwest America, in which modern ideas in building design will be expressed, inspired by the remarkable examples of buildings and decorations in the monuments left by the unknown people who inhabited these favored lands before the advent of the white man.

The embellishments and color treatment of the new exposition palaces will be supplied to a great extent by living forms, trees, shrubs, vines, fruits and flowers, such as only Southern California can produce.

The present park buildings, heritage of the 1915 exposition, are in the Spanish, or, more properly speaking, the Spanish-Colonial style and exemplify the culmination of centuries of art and architectural development in this section of America.

Richard S. Requa, Supervising Architect of the exposition, says:

"In designing the new buildings for this exposition, we will show by modified examples the steps and progress of this development and through the inspiration and ideas of these old forms, produce an architecture in certain of the new exposition palaces that is in harmony with the development during the last quarter of a century in transportation and the industries.

"Thanks to our sunshine and benign climate, we have the opportunity here to supply color and adornments with living plants instead of academic decorations, such as perhaps could not be accomplished in any other portion of the globe. In the Spanish Village and the Court of Pacific Relations, a transitional type of architecture is exemplified, between the prehistoric and the pretentious styles which were produced in the opulent period of Spanish occupation in the Americas. In their proportions and treatment, they are no less interesting than the florid work which followed. They are in the simple, unostentatious, hospitable style that is now influencing the development of our California architecture.

"One of the noteworthy and characteristic features of Spanish, as well as Spanish-Colonial architecture, was their patios and gardens, embellished with fountains and brilliantly decorated tiles. These important enrichments unfortunately were lacking in the 1915 fair, but are to be one of the most prominent features of our present exposition. Among these features special mention should be given to the beautiful Casa del Rey Moro Garden --- reproduced as faithfully as possible --- the finest small garden in all Spain, with its alabaster fountain, grotto, lily pond, quaint old well, seats and pergolas. Next in importance is the Alcazar Garden, planned from a section of the extensive and beautiful gardens surrounding the Alcazar in Seville. The Alcazar Gardens in Spain are considered the finest public gardens in the country.

"In the center of the House of Hospitality, the finishing touches are being put on a patio, which is not unlike the famous patio in the Museum in Guadalajara, Mexico. Chief features of this patio are the arcaded galleries, the large tiled central fountain and pool, and the quaint old well embowered in bananas.

"Another quaint and charming garden is in the court in the Pacific Relations group with its fountain, old well from Algeciras, Spain, and the large pool in which the beautiful trees of the background will be reflected."

Perhaps the outstanding exhibition building to be erected by an individual exhibitor will be the Ford Motor Company building.

Although this structure, purely modern in conception and treatment, will not be of the Spanish or prehistoric derivation, it will be developed in such a manner as to blend harmoniously with the entire physical plan of the exposition buildings as well as locale.

Situated on the rolling plateau, southwest of the Organ Pavilion and the Music Bowl, the Ford Building will be of circular construction, approximately 350 feet in diameter with a circular patio in the center. The walls of the main building will be forty-one feet high; a tower on the north side of the structure, forming the great entrance rotunda, will be 198 feet high with a base 100 feet in diameter. This tower will rise to a height of 420 feet above sea level. The total floor area of the building will be 118,000 square feet.

The exhibition of late models of Ford motor cars will be the main feature of the patio. It is believed that this will be the first time in automotive history and one of the few places in the world where climatic conditions will make possible an all-year display of cars under the open sky.

In accordance with Henry Ford’s idea that art forms a perfect expression for mechanical processes, the exhibition throughout will achieve a blend of artistic harmony. Murals above rare wood wainscots will decorate the walls and color schemes that conform with the entire decor will be used.

Walter Dorwin Teague of New York is the designer of the building and the interior treatment. Mr. Requa is supervising the architectural and engineering plans. He will also be in charge of the actual construction operations.

The rotunda, which will form the base of the tower, will be known as the "Court of Nations." Here a series of dioramas around the walls and in the center of the rotunda will be used to depict a dramatic story of the countries of the Pacific.

In the south end of the Ford Building will be found a theater with a complete stage and screen facilities and a seating capacity of 350. Smoking rooms, lounges, dressing rooms and other quarters of a semi-public nature will be located there.

The basement and the main floor of the building have been designed to sustain heavy loads and vibrating machinery. It will be of reinforced concrete construction and the entire tower will be of structural steel covered with sheet metal to insure perfect fireproofing.

In the basement will be located service rooms, garage and a tunnel entrance. The building, omitting the tower, calls for steel and wood framing with cement stucco on the exterior. The interior is to be finished with acoustical plaster.

The second floor of the south section of the building will contain several lounges, executive offices and kitchen and pantry facilities. The executive lounge will be utilized for a dining room. Opening from this lounge will be a glass enclosed porch overlooking the city, while on the main floor a two hundred and twenty-foot terrace on the arc of the circle will afford a sweeping panorama from Mexico to Point Loma.

Lighting effects throughout the building will be given careful consideration, with the tower receiving a unique treatment in this respect. Stepped-back lights will flood the fluted column, with overlapping layers of color that will "paint" the tower as the rays ascend from the base.

Monel metal and chromium plated trim will be used to provide striking and modern contrasts against the wood of the interior.

It is important to note that the design of this building, as well as the other buildings to be constructed by individual organizations, while providing distinct personality for each structure, will at the same time assure a complete merger of all in a harmonious plan.

For this reason it has been stated that the California-Pacific International Exposition will be an outstanding contribution to architectural planning for spectacles of this nature. Of a certainty it may be said that beauty of building, embellished with plants and flowers, rather than ornamental architecture, will be paramount at "America’s Exposition --- 1935."

Circa March 1, 1935. BULLETIN FOR SPEAKERS

With the opening of America’s Exposition about two months away construction activity is spurred to new heights. Already we are more than 80 percent complete, and President Belcher has announced we will be ready on May 29^th. The work has been started on the huge Federal Building, which will house the Government’s $200,000 exhibit. Hundreds of men are employed on building construction throughout the Exposition grounds. Many are detailed to jobs where work goes on around the clock, divided into three 8-hour shifts. On all construction jogs, at least two 8-hour shifts are operating. The Ford Building, largest of new constructions, is now beyond the foundation stage, with three building contracts already let. Forms for the retaining walls of the great outdoor Ford Music Bowl are now in and steel is being installed. Forms for footings under the stage of the Bowl are being placed. The Ford Company will spare neither money nor energy in making their superlative Exposition effort. Visitors will be given free rides along replicas of the most famous highways of the Pacific. In the Music Bowl, adjoining the Ford exhibit, a symphony orchestra of eighty pieces will be maintained by the great motor car company.

BUILDINGS

The Bank of America’s building and the Spanish Village are completed. The fifteen hacienda-type bungalows, which make up the House of Pacific Relations, where representatives of foreign governments will be quartered, are ready for occupancy. The ten 90-foot trusses which will support the roof of the $90,000 California State Building were swung into place last week. Trusses are now being raised at the Palace of Travel and Transportation. Construction here is above the first floor. The Standard Oil Company of California has indicated it will begin construction of its $100,000 building before Friday. General grading of the grounds is 75 percent completed. Landscaping is finished, except where construction makes it advisable to defer it until buildings are ready.

GOLDEN GULCH

In a twisting Gulch, built by the hand of nature, a striking reproduction of a mining camp, typical of the gold rush days of ’49, will be placed. There will be shacks of forty-niners, built with actual timber used in construction of the colorful towns of that period and reminding the visitor of an era that died with Bret Harte and Mark Twain. Here one will see the actual door that led to the Cabin in which Bret Harte wrote his famous tales. Here, too, will be replicas of the bars over which the hardy mining men gulped their fiery beverages . . . the color and atmosphere of the roaring forty-niners. To reach this scene one passes from the shadows of Old Spain into the atmosphere of ’49 upon the back of a prospector’s burro.

EXHIBITS

Installation of exhibitions in the Palace of Foods and Beverages was started last week by Coca Cola Company, Challenge Cream and Butter Association, Globe Mills, Standard Brands and other exhibitors.

1. A. Gellerson, Vice-President and director of Libby, McNeill & Libby, outstanding food packers, today

announced participation of his Company in the California-Pacific International Exposition. Installation of an exhibit to cost in excess of $20,000 and employing a dozen attendants will start the middle of next month.

F.H.A. EXHIBIT

Heads of the Federal Housing Administration’s activities of the several Western States were notified today that the FHA exhibition will be in addition to departmental displays in the Federal Building. The FHA display is designed to show how the public may profit from the National Housing Act, and will visualize clearly phases of the Federal Housing Act heretofore not thoroughly understood by the general public. This exhibit has been authorized by James A. Moffett, of Washington, DC, Federal Housing Administrator.

A modern improved community will spring up in ten minutes, from a dilapidated, antiquated Village, by dramatized, mechanical operations. Thirty buildings in miniature will be __________ community. They will demonstrate "modernization magic" for ___________ maximum loans of $2,000.

Another exhibit, "Modeltown", a community of 56 miniature homes, will show newest types of residential construction. It will consist of 14 types of houses in four classifications --- houses that can be built and owned for $30.00 per month, $40.00 per month, $50.00 per month, and $60.00 per month, inclusive of interest, taxes, fire insurance and amortization of principal.

The 14 houses of each of these four classifications will present different types of architecture --- Spanish, English, French, etc. --- of one and two-story construction in frame, stucco, brick, concrete and steel.

In addition the FHA will establish and maintain a Regional office on the grounds which will be the Official FHA Headquarters at the Exposition. Here we will distribute illustrated pamphlets, booklets and other information desired by visitors to the exhibit.

PALACE OF EDUCATION

This building is about completed and will be the most important new unit contributing toward the educational features of the Exposition. It is of Indian Pueblo style of architecture and contains approximately 15,000 square feet of exhibit space. A most unique exposition of public school education has been outlined by the Director of Education, Mrs. Vesta Muehleisen, under the general theme, EDUCATION FOR GOOD LIFE. The large central room, known as the "Theme" room will portray in an artistic and animated style the seven objectives of education. A beautiful mural for this room is being painted by Miss Belle Baranceanu, which depicts in a realistic and forceful manner the progress of education through the Ages.

A most novel and entertaining exhibit in this building will be the Hobby Display. One of the chief factors in the determination of character is the wise use of leisure time. In recognition of this fact, many school principals of the State are already conducting Home Hobby Contests or Fairs in their schools. Supplementing this effort and as an additional stimulus thereto a series of hobby contests or fairs will be held in order to select a hobby to represent each individual school in the Palace of Education. Prizes and medals will be awarded for the most unique hobby in all classes of entries, which will be according to age, classification and types of projects.

FOUNTAIN FOR PALACE OF EDUCATION

Professor Frederick Schweigardt, whose sculptured bust of President Roosevelt stands in the White House study as a gift of the latter’s son, Elliott, was found here quietly working on a fountain piece for the Palace of Education.

Professor Schweigardt, who lives at 5517 Carlton Way, Hollywood, is now clay modeling a group showing youth triumphant, supported by figures symbolizing home, school, church and community.

The sculptor was formerly on the staff of the Munich Museum, Germany, and more recently executed several important works for the New York Museum of Science and Industry. He refused Philadelphia offers to go to Hollywood. He has many medals awarded for artistic work here and abroad.

NURSERY SCHOOL

In connection with the Parent Education section it is planned to exhibit a demonstration Nursery School. An attractive room for this purpose is being built at the present time. One side wall is so constructed that visitors may look into the room, while the children will not know they are being observed. This demonstration class will be a Federal Emergency Nursery School and will run with the same high standards of Nursery School procedure and the same careful supervision that has characterized the Nursery Schools throughout the country.

Dr. Gertrude Laws, Bureau of Parent Education, has already worked out a splendid scheme by which she will interpret to visitors through a staff of trained workers the parent education angle of the work. These works will be in addition to the regular Nursery School staff. It is hoped to carry on full-day Nursery School program with hot lunches served at noon, followed by naps. The children will have a large yard, well equipped with play apparatus. It is expected this class will offer a great attraction to visitors. This demonstration will be under the local supervision of Mrs. Ethel D. Mintzer, Advisor.

EXHIBIT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

The following notables were on the grounds last week arranging for the exhibit of the University of Southern California in the Palace of Education: Assistant Comptroller of the University of California, Director of the Riverside Agricultural College, Dean of Education of the University of California Los Angeles, and the Director of the Scripps Institute of Oceanography.

HOUSE OF PACIFIC RELATIONS

Italy was the first country to officially dedicate its hacienda in the group known as the House of Pacific Relations. Other countries will soon follow suit. Practically every House is spoken for at the present time. Among those definite are Italy, Japan, Sweden, China, Great Britain, France, etc.

Priceless exhibits are being gathered together from all parts of the United States and South America to tell the story of governments. The great Maya temple and the historic temple of Sacrifice from ancient Yucatan are but two of the many relics depicting early American history.

From Egypt will come treasures from the land of the Sphinx, from China and Japan the riches of the Far East. From every corner of the globe will come relics of the past.

INTERNATIONAL MARATHON

Sanction for an international marathon over the classic distance of 26 miles, 385 yards, was received here from the A.A.U. by A.E.D. Combat Post 1460, Veterans of Foreign Wars.

The race will be run May 30, from Agua Caliente, Mexico, to the grounds of the California-Pacific International Exposition, over the historic route followed by Padre Junipero Serra, founder of California’s chain of missions.

1. R. Gleason, promotion manager of the Post, said he anticipate about 150 entrants in the strictly

amateur event, including some from Mexico, Cuba and Canada.

The starting gun of the race will be fired, it is planned, by a high official of the Mexican Government. The runners will be me in the Exposition grounds by the Greek Consul and a gathering of American officials.

TRANSPORTATION

Large comfortable tractor-drawn semi-trailers, painted in brilliant colors and each designed to accommodate 100 passengers, will furnish transportation within the grounds of the California-Pacific International Exposition.

The Exposition Transportation Company, specially organized for the purpose and owned by the J. D. Spreckels Company, will operate five large buses. Each of the buses will be named in Spanish for a bird and painted in a color scheme to correspond to its plumage. The names are "La Golondrina" (swallow), "El Loro" (parrot), "El Canario" (canary), "El Cardenal" (cardinal), and "La Paloma" (dove). Seats are provided for 40 persons, but a hundred passengers can be carried comfortably. The transportation fare will be 10 cents.

 

ATTENDANCE

American Express Company officials have purchased a initial block of 100,000 admission tickets and reserved 2,000 hotel beds daily for the entire Exposition period for the accommodation of travelers who will arrange their trips through that organization. Redpath, Inc., prominent tour organizers, have secured 1,000,000 admission tickets and reserved an additional million in anticipation of heavy demands.

Officials of the Santa Fe Railroad Company report that traffic Westward this summer will be the heaviest since the depression. Santa Fe is increasing its service this summer by the addition of 369 fully air-conditioned cars. Once each week there will be a very special and fast train across the country, which will be drawn by a 3600 horsepower Diesel Engine, now under construction. This is the largest locomotive, as far as horsepower is concerned, in service in the World today. It is being built at a cost of $370,000. It is possible to attain a speed in excess of 100 miles an hour. Santa Fe’s display at the Exposition will be started late next month.

SPECIAL EVENTS

To date more than 120 organizations, representing every kind of human endeavor, have accepted out invitation for special days at the Exposition. The attendance of several of these organizations will run up into the tens of thousands. In addition to numerous days, many of these organizations will present attractive and very high class programs of every character, including orchestras, choruses, pageants, etc. In addition to the special days designated and the with cooperation of the Exposition Sports Commission many interesting athletic events are being staged, including the National Volley Ball Championship, an open clay pigeon championship match, and International Police Pistol match, in which two teams at least from Mexico City will participate. This match has been given to the Exposition by Chief of Police James A. Davis of Los Angeles, who was given authority this year to hold the match any place he desired.

The Health Department is raising 700,000 fish to keep visitors to American’s Exposition from being "stung". The tiny fish are Gambusia Afinis and they are very fond of Mosquitoes’ larvae. They will be placed in the many fountains and pools on the grounds of the California-Pacific International Exposition.

San Diego Union, March 1, 1935, 8:1. Many start fund for Collier memorial.

San Diego Union, March 2, 1935, 1:3, 3:1. Group to break ground for Ford Building today.

San Diego Union, March 2, 1935, II, 8:1-2. C. G. Disbrow comments on slow progress on golf course

San Diego Union, March 3, 1935, 1:1, 3:1. Ford Building gets underway with fitting ceremony.

San Diego Union, March 3, 1935, 4:2-3. Bird and boy friendship leads Clinton G. Abbott to Museum of Natural History directorship, by Naomi Baker.

San Diego Union, March 3, 1935, 10:1-8. San Diego’s dream takes substance of reality: busy hammers play daily symphony of progress in park; Exposition construction is 60 percent completed; carpenters have driven 90,000 lbs. of nails; contractors have poured 12,000 sacks of cement; 41,184 ft. of fence wire protect grounds.

San Diego Union, March 3, 1935, 13:2. "Better Housing" praises San Diego building progress.

San Diego Union, March 3, 1935, II, 1:4. Exposition setting has impress of Spanish adventurers.

San Diego Union, March 8, 1935, 1:3, 3:3. President Roosevelt signs bill appropriating $325,000 for federal participation in the California-Pacific International Exposition.

San Diego Union, March 10, 1935, 6:1. Hotchkiss goes to arrange Federal Building at Exposition.

San Diego Union, March 10, 1935, 6:6. City Manager Buck would improve park roads.

San Diego Union, March 10, 1935, II, 1:6, 2:6. Exposition buildings rapidly growing under three shifts.

San Diego Union, March 13, 1935, 1:6-7, 10:4. California Senate approves Fletcher’s measure providing $75,000 for California State exhibit at Exposition.

San Diego Union, March 14, 1935, 8:6-7. Six painters injured at Exposition as scaffold breaks in Palace of Education building.

San Diego Union, March 14, 1935, 12:1. Van Schaick says Exposition with safeguard beauty of park.

San Diego Union, March 15, 1935, 10:4. Representatives of property interests in southern end of Mission Beach discussed with Planning Commission yesterday methods to enable south end of Mission Beach to escape architectural fate of northern end.

San Diego Union, March 17, 1935, 3:2. Scouts prepare for Exposition camp.

San Diego Union, March 17, 1935, II, 1:6-7, 2:5-6. Senator Leroy A. Wright traces pueblo title back to 1789 in history of local park.

San Diego Union, March 17, 1935, II, 1:7-8. Work begun on Standard Brands exhibit in Palace of Food and Beverages.

San Diego Union, March 18, 1935, 1:6, 2:7-8. All Exposition facilities available for radio systems; network officials here to arrange publicity programs; Exposition to supply working studios, by Jack Barnes.

San Diego Union, March 20, 1935, II, 10:4. Workmen dig up whale bones on Exposition grounds

San Diego Union, March 24, 1935, II, 1:2-3, 3:1-3. Major Keating tells about Exposition in light of past experiences.

San Diego Union, March 24, 1935, II, 1:2, 3:8. Doctors assert midgets at Exposition won’t grow tall.

San Diego Union, March 25, 1935, 1:1-2, 2:1. Exposition construction work to hit peak as Federal Building starts.

San Diego Union, March 25, 1935, 6:7. Aloe and Agave Garden dedicated to Kate Sessions.

San Diego Union, March 26, 1935, 1:3, 2:2. Santa Fe plans crack service for Exposition crowds.

San Diego Union, March 26, 1935, II, 1:2. One hundred Exposition palaces to match park beauty.

San Diego Union, March 27, 1935, 5:5. Italy assumes possession of section in House of Pacific Relations.

March 29, 1935. RADIO TALK: The Amusement Zone and Its Attractions

A kaleidoscopic city of merry-making soon will rise in Balboa Park, where the Exposition opens May 29.

The amusement zone of America’s Exposition will present an unrivaled group of fun attractions culled from every part of the world. Bookings are being handled by J. Ed Brown and William (Bill) Barie, noted showmen, who are in charge of shows and concessions for the Exposition.

The midway will be 1200 feet long and 350 feet wide, with a 40-foot pavement through the center. The 2400 feet of frontage will present the best shows in existence.

Lew Dufour and Joe Rogers, who scored a great hit at the Chicago world’s fair with their shows, will produce new and greater shows at San Diego. Their units will include the "Crime Does Not Pay" show, "Two-Headed Baby," "Life", and the "Snake Farm".

Dufour and Rogers are also producing shows at the Brussels, Belgium, exposition.

Stanley R. Graham and Nate Eagle will present those attractions for which they have become famous. Graham and Eagle were prominent in amusement production for A Century of Progress and at many other previous expositions and fairs.

They will produce "Midget City", "Midget Farm" and the "Miss America" show, as well as two or three other distinctive features.

"Midget City" will be built on doll-house scale, where more than one hundred Lilliputians will work and play.

It will have a city hall, hotel, theater, barber shop, beauty parlor, office buildings and other structures and a completely organized civic administration with a mayor, chief of police and fire department.

"Midget Farm" will be a novel feature with midget cows, chickens, hogs and horses. It will have midget fields producing midget corn and grain. In a shed will be housed the tiny parade wagons and buggies once owned by Tom Thumb, protégé of P. T. Barnum.

The residents of these colonies will range in age from 18 to 60 years. Some are as short as 18 inches and many weigh less than 20 pounds.

They will include dancers, singers, artists and craftsmen.

The Midget City News, the world’s smallest newspaper, will be published in a midget printing shop each day during the Exposition and current events and features will be presented from the midget viewpoint.

Final plans for the Ripley "Believe-it-or-Not" show are now being formulated by J. Dwight Funk, who announces that the Ripley show at America’s Exposition will far surpass the previous Ripley productions.

Funk and his partner, Frank Zambreno, will personally manage the "Believe-it-or-Not" show. They also will be co-producers of the "Sensations" unit, an illusion show created solely by the refraction of light and without the use of mirrors.

Twenty beautiful girls from all parts of the nation will be seen in this series of animated tableaux. Many art critics and stage producers have commented on the beauty of this attraction.

Actual studio production of motion pictures will be seen at the Exposition.

Sixteen Hollywood studio workers will be stationed in the Exposition grounds during the world’s fair, where they will produce animated cartoons and other short subjects as they are made in the Hollywood studios. The Studio will be open to Exposition visitors, who will get a first-hand glimpse of the inside of making movies.

Visitors not only will see the complete production of these films, but will, also, see the finished product in a movie theater which will form part of the exhibit.

Not located on the midway proper, but part of the amusement zone will be Golden Gulch, a typical gold mining camp of California’s days of ’49.

In a deep, twisting gulch beneath a canopy of trees will be shacks made from actual timbers of the gold rush days. It will be a realistic picture of that era when the names of Jimtown, Hangtown and Whiskey Flat were on the lips of every adventurer from China to Cairo.

So faithful will this reproduction be to the originals that the visitor walking the paths of Golden Gulch will imagine himself transported back to the days of ’49, when the name "California" reverberated throughout the world.

An old, wooden door, warped by the winds and rains of more that fourscore years, will add a note of realism to the scene, while the Chinese laundry, iron-barred bank, blacksmith shop and hitching posts will line the streets of the camp.

Throughout the length of Golden Gulch will be found men and machines performing the tasks common to the era when the cry of "Gold!" was enough to bring men from the heath fires of far-off London and the steppes of Siberia. A further note of realism will be evident by the stage coaches and the burros which will form the only ingress to the camp.

The Venetian Glass Blowers, ten skilled craftsmen from Venice, Italy, will show their unique methods of blowing molten glass into many varied forms and designs.

Glass blowing is an art form from the days of the early Egyptians. It flourished during the splendors of medieval Venice, and since that time it has been handed down from father to son.

The world-famous Gay’s Lion Farm of El Monte, California, will be another attraction of the amusement zone.

Ponies from the circus stables of Harry Wooding will play an important part in "Toyland", created especially for the children.

The eyes of the show world will be on San Diego this year, with theatrical performers and producers congregating from many lands. The public will find at the California-Pacific International Exposition an unequaled array of midway shows; attractions that are of such outstanding quality that they will obtain the enthusiastic scrutiny of veteran showmen who may previously have concluded that there is nothing new under the sun.

San Diego Union, March 31, 1935, II, 1:2, 2:1-2. Romantic history of Balboa Park is inspiring tale, by Senator Leroy A. Wright.

San Diego Union, March 31, 1935, II, 5:1. Cactus planting on large scale planned in park:

Advance glimpses into gardens under construction in Balboa Park reveal a cactus planting on a large scale and a gigantic rockery and pool.

San Diego Union, March 31, 1935, 8:1. Arabian horses to be presented as Exposition feature.

San Diego Union, March 31, 1935, 8:2-3. Charles Wakefield Cadman appeals to Exposition managers for attention to local musical forces.

San Diego Union, April 1, 1935, II, 1:3-4. Jules F. Jacques, secretary of Exposition music section, will plan programs.

San Diego Union , April 6, 1935, 1:1. Nine hundred more men get Exposition jobs.

San Diego Union, April 6, 1935, 5:1. Eastern visitors praise park gardens.

San Diego Union, April 6, 1935, 5:5-7. Easter picnic dinner and program arranged for shut-ins at Organ Pavilion.

San Diego Union, April 7, 1935, 8:1-5. Pick and shovel men raise big city overnight.

San Diego Union, April 7, 1935, II, 1:4-5. Continuous music festival including vocal and instrumental groups culture feature of Exposition.

San Diego Union, April 9, 1935, 9:5. Federal Housing Administration breaks ground for miniature model town.

San Diego Union, April 10, 1935, 1:6, 3:2. Federal Housing Administration chief states Government will show model of San Diego’s new Civic Center.

San Diego Union, April 10, 1935, 10:1. Bank of America officials inspect progress at park.

San Diego Union, April 10, 1935, 10:5. 12^th. Avenue artery traversing park to have lighting.

San Diego Union, April 10, 1935, 10:6. San Diego motorcade spreading Exposition news in Texas.

San Diego Union, April 10, 1935, II, 5:2. Exposition arranges dining service for 140 workers; lunch counters in Palace of Better Housing and in International Drug Store, which occupies a corner in the House of Charm.

San Diego Union, April 11, 1935, 5:2-3. Women’s group formed to preside at House of Hospitality.

San Diego Union, April 11, 1935, II, 2:1. Huge Exposition Café [of the World] facing Plaza del Pacifico to cost $100,000.

April 12, 1935, Southwest Builder and Contractor, pp. 13-14: Distinctive Architectural Style for New Exposition Buildings - Old Forms Are Given Touch of Moderne, Progress of Construction at San Diego Fair.

From the standpoint of all traditions the building of an exposition involves the development of a complete new plan. Generally the start is from zero --- grounds and buildings all have to be made. For a few expositions some sort of a nucleus has been made available but none that had been comparable to the one at San Diego utilized for the California-Pacific International Exposition which is scheduled to open May 29.

Beautiful Balboa Park, as landscaped for the 1915 Panama-Pacific [sic] Exposition, and the principal buildings of Spanish-Colonial and Renaissance design, erected for that colorful fair, which have been carefully preserved for just such another enterprise, form the nucleus of the 1935 exposition. It is a fine tribute to the genius of a great artist and architect, the late Bertram G. Goodhue, who created the architectural dream, that the buildings designed by him for such a purpose should have had so strong an appeal to the public that they have been kept intact through two decades.

Problems of the promoters of the California-Pacific International Exposition were greatly simplified by having such a splendid nucleus around which they could build. Many new buildings had to be erected and the opportunity was seized to illustrate in their architectural treatment the progress from the Indian pueblos of the pre-Spanish period to the present time with its Moderne influence. So architecturally the Exposition buildings run the gamut of architectural traditions of Southern California. The only exposition buildings are among the finest examples of the Spanish Colonial and the Spanish Renaissance and the new buildings are Mayan and Indian Pueblo types with a touch of the Moderne.

Richard S. Requa is director of architecture for the exposition. He is a recognized authority on Spanish architecture and its Colonial adaptations and the Indian Pueblo types of the Pacific Southwest. In working out the architectural scheme of the new exposition he has sought to show by modified examples the progressive steps in the development from the pre-Spanish period to the present time and through the inspiration of the old forms and influence of modern ideas to produce a new and distinctive California style. This is exemplified in the Palace of Transportation and Travel and other structures, in designing which opportunity has been taken to supply color and adornment with growing plants instead of academic ornamentation. Here the broad plain wall surfaces of the Pueblo type are relieved by festoons of plants hanging from concealed planting boxes to form a living frieze. The effect over the white stucco wall surfaces is both striking and pleasing.

Under Mr. Requa’s direction, a highly efficient architectural department was organized. His immediate assistant is H. Louis Bodmer, architectural supervisor. Next in line in this department are George Palliser, specifications writer; F. E. Evenson, electrical engineer; and G. H. Davies, structural engineer. Eighteen architectural draftsmen, six structural draftsmen, six electrical draftsmen and eight civil engineers are employed.

Construction work is organized in two divisions, some of the projects being handled by private contractors and others by the exposition staff, employing SERA labor. Approximately 65 percent of the workmen on the projects are SERA workers, the balance being employees of private contracting firms. To facilitate the direction of the SERA crews, a large staff of foremen is employed. They are under the control of O. B. Cole, general foreman.

The men behind the construction scene are H. H. Barter, director of works; Harry Foster, project superintendent and purchasing agent, and C. H. Harper, general superintendent.

Except for the exhibit palace of the Ford Motor Company, which is of steel and concrete, the new buildings on the exposition ground are frame construction with wood roof trusses and white stucco exterior walls. The buildings used during the 1915 Panama-Pacific [sic] Exposition are of similar construction.

Construction operations are now being pushed with all possible speed, two shifts of workers being employed on the dozens of projects now under way, to insure the completion of all structures and installation of exhibits in readiness for the opening on May 29.

The Federal government building will be a permanent structure with concrete walls and steel roof trusses. It was designed by the architectural department of the Exposition in the distinctive style evolved from the older forms with Moderne influence. The ground dimensions are 150 x 170 ft. and the height 35 ft. Of the $350,000 appropriated by the government for its exhibit, $125,000 will be spent on the building. It is being erected under contract by M. H. Golden.

The California State building is being erected by the Exposition construction department with SERA labor. It will be a wood frame and stucco structure, 228 x 120 ft., and will cost $90,000. It was designed also by the Exposition architectural department.

The Palace of Electricity and Varied Industries is about 80 percent completed and the Palace of Education and Women’s Palace are finished except for interior painting. Grading for the Transportation and Travel building has been completed and it will be erected under contract by J. A. Hunt. This structure will be 230 x 118 ft. All of these buildings were designed by the Exposition architectural department.

One of the most imposing new structures on the ground will be the Ford Motor Company’s building. It was designed by Walter Dorwin Teague, the company’s architect, and will house the Ford exhibit from the Chicago Century of Progress Exposition. Construction will be reinforced concrete and structural steel. It will be circular in form, approximately 300 ft. in diameter, with a tower. Adjacent to it will be an open-air bowl for concerts. The cost of the plant will be around $350,000. It is being built under contract by B. O. Larsen.

Modern Housing will provide one of the most extensive exhibits planned for the exposition. In the Palace of Better Housing, everything pertaining to construction, equipment and furnishing of the home will be shown. Grouped around it will be the exhibit of the Federal Housing Administration, comprising 100 small scale models of homes illustrating different styles of architecture, different types of construction and different floor plans. These models will be made from designs prepared by architects and selected by competition under the supervision of David J. Witmer, district architectural director of the FHA.

The Model California Exposition Home, representing an investment of $50,000, including furnishings, is now nearly completed.

Among other features will be the Spanish Village, the largest of its kind ever built for an exposition, and reproductions of the Casa del Rey Moro Gardens and the Alcazar Gardens, all of which are now nearly completed.

Construction of buildings in the Amusement Zone is well advanced. It is estimated that more than $1,500,000 will be expended on structures and devices in the zone, which will be the largest ever seen on the Pacific coast.

San Diego Union, April 12, 1935, 14:2. Miss Cynthia Ricketts, San Diego Venus, poses for Professor Frederick Schweigardt, sculptor of the fountain which will be placed in the assembly hall of the Palace of Education.

San Diego Union, April 13, 1935, 3:3-5. Aerial view showing Exposition construction progress.

San Diego Union, April 14, 1935, 10:1-3. Senator Wright recalls bitter park controversy.

San Diego Union, April 15, 1935, 5:8. Shell Company will have space at Exposition.

San Diego Union, April 17, 1935, 5:5. Ground broken for Exposition "Gold Gulch" yesterday.

San Diego Union, April 17, 1935, II, 10:1. School exercises in park present problem for Exposition Board.

San Diego Union, April 18, 1935, 1:8, 2:2-3. San Diego white spot on United States business map; 35 percent upturn noted as Exposition opening nears.

San Diego Union, April 19, 1935, 7:1-2. SERA orchestra, radio artists on park broadcast.

San Diego Union, April 21, 1935, 1:3-5, 2:1. One hundred shut-ins ready with wheel chairs to broadcast program of good cheer; invalids will go to park for unique radio hour; music, interviews to be feature; flowers sought.

San Diego Union, April 21, 1935, 13:1. Sam Hamill, San Diego architect, shows house drawings of competition.

San Diego Union, April 21, 1935, II, 2:2. Firestone promises Singing Fountain.

San Diego Union, April 21, 1935, II, 2:4. Easter concert in park today.

San Diego Union, April 23, 1935, 2:4. Three types of Exposition tickets go on sale here.

San Diego Union, April 23, 1935, 5:6. Board of Supervisors agree to finance a $15,000 San Diego County exhibit in the California State Building at the Exposition.

San Diego Union, April 23, 1935, II, 1:2. Experts work at creating scenes for Gold Gulch.

San Diego Union, April 23, 1935, II, 3:1-3. Shut-in program popular; may be arranged yearly.

San Diego Union, April 26, 1935, 10:1. Park gas station plan is rejected.

New York Times, April 28, 1935, X17:1. The San Diego Exposition this summer is expected to attract a throng of visitors to the coast, by James F. Roche.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935, 1:2, 2:3. W. B. Courtney, associate editor of Colliers, lauds Exposition and Zoo; will write story.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935, 11:4-5. "End of Trail" spectacle at Exposition will have 150 Indians of 30 tribes; show to be staged at Indian Village.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935, II, 1:1. Huge throngs due here for Exposition Special Days.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935, II, 1:8, 2:1-2. Exposition construction 95 percent complete; $20 million fun plant to be ready by opening date; 8 million visitors expected at Exposition this summer; 100 buildings to house 200 exhibits; grounds form "S".

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935, Society-Club, 1:1, 2:1-2. Mrs. G. Aubrey Davidson defines Exposition psychology.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935, Society-Club, 3:1. Sala de Oro in House of Hospitality is Exposition drawing room, by Katherine M. Kahle.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935, Society-Club, 4:1. Mrs. Fred M. Gazlay recalls Exposition days of 1915.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935, Society-Club, 6:1. Statistics of 1915 failed to tell all.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935, Society-Club, 8:1. Mrs. E. Thelen recounts embarrassing moments of 1915.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935, Society-Club, 10:2-3. Miss Alice Klauber recalls Persimmon Room and art shows.

EXPOSITION EDITION

San Diego Union, April 28, 1935,

3:1-2. San Diego’s $20 million Exposition opens in Balboa Park May 29; exhibits will record milestones in development of civilization, recent achievements of mankind.

3:3-6. $2 million Ford Exhibit and Transportation and Travel exhibits to be magnets for visitors.

3:5. Spanish Village built speedily.

3:6. Rooms reserved for Exposition visitors.

3:7-8. Elaborate city of merry-making in Amusement Zone will provide attractions for old and young.

3:8. Day for Ohioans is set July 28.

4:1-4. Industrial firms of nation will exhibit at San Diego’s Exposition; gigantic commercial strides and national progress will be depicted in huge displays.

4:3. Skill of ancient surgeons shown in Exposition display,

4:5. Murals painted for Exposition.

4:7. Equine displays - Gay’s Lion Farm, Midway features.

4:8. San Diego expects 5 million to see Exposition.

6:1-4. San Diego Palace of Fine Arts exhibits works of world-famed artists; institution in Balboa Park contains steadily growing collection of masterpieces, by Reginald Poland.

6:7 Intricate design seen on Palace of Fine Arts.

6:8. Display of old Italian masters brilliant event, by Reginald Poland.

8:1-2. Palace of Natural History houses thousands of priceless specimens; diversified collections will be major attractions for visitors, by Clinton G. Abbott, director.

8:1-2. San Diego Federation of State Societies will welcome "hometown" visitors to Exposition.

8:3-4. Hydrographic relief map at Exposition, only one of its kind in existence.

8:5-6. Taxidermist shop, where all displays are made, by Clinton G. Abbott.

8:7. Some exhibits too valuable to be exposed, by Clinton G. Abbott.

8:7. Fossil is found on site of Exposition.

 

EXPOSITION SECTION

APRIL 28, 1935

SAN DIEGO UNION,

8:8. Palace of Natural History carries study of nature to schools, by Frank F. Gander, County Supervisor of Nature Study.

8:7-8. Identification exhibits, useful Natural History Museum feature, by Clinton G. Abbott.

10:1-2. San Diego Zoological Gardens ranks with best in United States; rare collection of animal and bird life will add to enjoyment of Exposition, by Belle J. Benchley.

10:7. "Flying" sea lion to be unusual exhibit at Exposition.

10:8. Two gorillas provide fun for visitors, by Belle J. Benchley.

Section II.

10:1-2. Exposition will present scientific, artistic and cultural exhibits; all phases of world’s progress will be represented by displays in brilliant settings.

10:7. San Diego police will wear new Exposition uniforms.

10:7. Local Veterans’ posts ready to aid Exposition.

10:8. Palace of Science offers unique displays.

Section III.

4:3-5. Drawing of model home to be given away at Exposition.

4:6-7. California State Building to show government at work.

4:8. Varied displays, special events planned.

6:1-2. Living plants to enhance Exposition buildings’ beauty.

8:1-2. PTA will provide exhibits for Palace of Education.

11:2-4. Frank Drugan credited with idea that started San Diego’s Exposition.

Section IV.

4:8. Powerful aerial fleet will have exercises in July.

4:8. National Guard will drill for Exposition visitors.

Section V.

6:3-4. 24 nations represented in Photo Salon at Exposition.

Section VI.

9:2. 1,700 Indians in San Diego County.

9:3. Counties of California will show their products in San Diego.

9:4-7. O’Rourke Institute instructs children in nature lore free.

Section VII.

2:1. Boy Scouts plan active programs for Exposition.

2:2-3. Countless Exposition attractions in superb setting.

2:4. Catholics to attend Mass at Exposition June 2.

2:6-7. Scientific library in Balboa Park provides facilities for extended research, by Alice M. Barlow.

3:1-8. Patrick Francis O’Rourke invites the world to San Diego’s Exposition.

4:2-3. Spreckels outdoor organ to be played each day.

4:4. Transportation facilities will be neat exhibit.

4:8. Smart displays for American women.

6:1. Gold Rush days will live again.

8:2-3. Girls have fine Scout House in Balboa Park.

8:4-5. Special art collection featured.

12:1-8. Café of the World will serve epicures of all nations.

San Diego Union, April 29, 1935, 2:7-8. Representatives of Czechoslovakia and Germany raise flags in House of Pacific Relations circle.

San Diego Union, April 29, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: For the Exposition - We want the world to see our Exposition. We want the world, too, to see our prosperous and beautiful city.

San Diego Union, April 30, 1935, 5:1. Café of the World to use 50 cooks.

San Diego Union, April 30, 1935, 5:5. Standard Oil plans unique displays.

San Diego Union, April 30, 1935, II, 1:2. Exposition outside lighting ample to supply ten towns.

San Diego Sun, May 1, 1935, 11:2-3. Ford exhibit to present wonders of modern age.

San Diego Sun, May 1, 1935, 12:2-4. Mayan architecture, Standard Oil Building feature.

San Diego Sun, May 2, 1935, 1:3-4, 2:6. Real nudists to be at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, May 2, 1935, II, 13:2-3. Building the Exposition.

San Diego Sun, May 2, 1935, II, 15:2-3. Exposition Mixed Chorus has 500 voices.

San Diego Sun, May 3, 1935, 1:5. Police ready for throngs at Exposition; detective assigned to crack down on "Bunco men".

San Diego Sun, May 3, 1935, 4:1-6. Building the Exposition.

San Diego Sun, May 4, 1935, 3:3-4. Carl H. Heilbron, president Chamber of Commerce, endorses Visitors’ Bureau; accommodations for an anticipated surplus of 10,000 visitors needed.

San Diego Union, May 5, 1935, 1:3-4, 10:1. "House of Magic" will display electricity marvels; vast exhibit by big national concern announced for Exposition at cost of $50,000.

San Diego Union, May 5, 1935, 13:1. Earth to auto is theme of Ford display.

San Diego Union, May 6, 1935, 1:7-8, 5:5. Triple shifts of labor bring Exposition’s buildings near finish.

San Diego Sun, May 6, 1935, 1:6-7, 6:3-4. Spectacular light system to paint Exposition grounds.

San Diego Sun, May 6, 1935, 4:6. Fun Zone nearly ready.

New York Times, May 7, 1935, 18:8. A special three-cent stamp will be issued to commemorate the California-Pacific International Exposition which opens in San Diego on May 29.

San Diego Union, May 7, 1935, 1:6, 9:1. Exposition to floodlight sky; electrical display to be dazzling.

San Diego Union, May 7, 1935, II, 2:4. Naval exhibits en route here for Exposition.

San Diego Sun, May 7, 1935, 1:2-3. Hollywood moves into Hall of Fame; three freight cars loaded for film exhibit; will make movies daily.

San Diego Sun, May 7, 1935, 20:5-6. Four-legged pickaninny girl to be exhibited in Believe-it-or-not show.

San Diego Union, May 8, 1935, 1:5, 5:1. Group to confer today on California State exhibit; Eagles establish quarters; Swedes set flag raising; actors announce plans.

San Diego Sun, May 8, 1935, 1:3-4. State officials in San Diego complete Exposition plans.

San Diego Sun, May 8, 1935, 4:2-3. Glamorous maidens feature in "Sensations" show in Amusement Zone.

San Diego Sun, May 8, 1935, II, 11:2-3. Exposition opens in 20 days; exhibit schedule rushed.

San Diego Union, May 9, 1935, II, 2:1. Committee to invite guests to Exposition opening.

San Diego Sun, May 9, 1935, 8:6-7. Historic highways of the world reproduced as Exposition feature.

New York Times, May 10, 1935, 10:4. The Mexican government has authorized exhibition of the Monte Alban jewels in San Diego, Calif. During the fair starting May 20 [sic].

San Diego Sun, May 10, 1935, 1:2-3. Giant Boulder Dam model scheduled for Exposition; 30-ft. reproduction arrives tomorrow; terrain to be shown in contour map; for installation in Amusement Zone.

San Diego Sun, May 10, 1935, 22:5-6. Twenty-five tribes of Indians to live at Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 11, 1935, 1:7-8, 2:7. Exposition at half-way mark in advance ticket sales.

San Diego Union, May 11, 1935, 5:6. Japan quarters in House of Pacific Relations will be opened with ceremony.

San Diego Sun, May 11, 1935, II, 9:2-3. Tons of machinery moved into Firestone’s exhibit in Ford Building today; actual production of rubber parts scheduled.

San Diego Union, May 13, 1935, 5:4. 400 men on job "dressing" park’s flora for Exposition.

San Diego Sun, May 14, 1935, 1:2-3, 7:3-4. Electric moon, borealis rival nature at Exposition; ten miles of high-voltage wires "nerve" networks in park.

San Diego Sun, May 14, 1935, 5:4. Globe theater ready for run at Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 14, 1935, 1:7-8. Exposition construction at new peak; work started on lakes, gardens.

San Diego Union, May 14, 1935, II, 1:5. Ford Building nearly finished.

San Diego Sun, May 15, 1935, 1:1-2. Aladdin’s Lamp miracle performed at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, May 15, 1935, 18:2-4. Ford Building nears completion.

San Diego Union, May 15, 1935, 1:7-8. Record-breaking speed made on Exposition buildings.

San Diego Sun, May 16, 1935, II, 11:2-3. Fifty nature lovers on way to nudist colony.

San Diego Union, May 16, 1935, 1:1. Big arch rises on Exposition plaza.

San Diego Union, May 16, 1935, 9:2-4. Helene Richards, 1915 Exposition groundbreaking "Queen Ramona," recalls fete.

San Diego Union, May 16, 1935, II, 1:2. Scientific exhibits to be featured at Ford exhibit.

San Diego Union, May 16, 1935, II, 1:8. Traffic body suggests Exposition no-parking areas.

San Diego Union, May 17, 1935, 1:3, 2:6. Work on radio station; system of amplification starts at Exposition; broadcasting facilities to be of network magnitude.

New York Times, May 18, 1935, 2:2. President to visit Exposition at San Diego; he promises trip some time this summer.

San Diego Sun, May 18, 1935, 5:4-5. Five symphony orchestras scheduled for Ford Bowl.

San Diego Sun, May 18, 1935, II, 9:6-7. "End of Trail" exhibit featured.

New York Times, May 19, 1935, Section 9, II, 15:6-8. A Great Fair For the Pacific; the International Exhibition Soon to Open in San Diego is Expected to Draw Millions of Visitors to the West Coast, by

Alvin J. McGowan.

San Diego, Calif.

The nearly four centuries of progress and achievement in the West with their climax in the gigantic works now being constructed will be portrayed in bold strokes at the California Pacific International Exposition, which will open in Balboa Park in San Diego on May 29 and continue until November 11.

Such is the main theme. It represents a long evolution from the original idea of the fair, which was to be representative chiefly of Southern California. The large construction projects hereabout were too breathtaking to be left out. Of course the Federal Government was invited to exhibit also; so was the Mexican government, and the circle kept on widening until now some twenty-three or more foreign countries will be represented.

Great interest has been created throughout the United States and much of the rest of the world. Inquiries of travel agencies indicate than an unprecedented number of tourists will travel to the Pacific Coast for the 1935 world’s fair. Confident forecasters are mentioning 10,000,000 as the probably attendance figure for the season. President Roosevelt has announced his intention of coming to the fair.

San Diego is considered the logical site for such an exposition because it claims to be the birthplace of civilization in the West. It was to San Diego bay that the explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo in 1542 first touched the mainland of present California. It was here that the first mission was established in 1769 by Spanish priests. Many relics of the early settlement lie within a short distance of the exposition grounds.

More then 100 Buildings

The exposition proper comprises more than 100 buildings, representing a total investment in excess of $20,000.000. Most of them are permanent structures which were a part of the 1915 Panama Pacific [sic] Exposition commemorating the completion of the Panama Canal, but many new and modern structures have been built to house the varied exhibits at the coming fair. Heavily clustered with trees and shrubs, they make a scene of dazzling brilliance.

Two of the great struggles for progress in this region have been for water and transportation. The struggles are commemorated in the Palace of Water and Transportation. Here is told the story of man’s fight for the "white gold" of the semi-arid West and the advance of transportation from the days of the sandal-shod Spanish priest down to the present streamlined era.

Part of the story is being sponsored by the Metropolitan Water District of Los Angeles in a huge display. Relief maps and working models of great irrigation and water-supply systems will be strikingly shown. Aqueducts, dams, channels, and reservoirs will be reproduced to scale.

All-American Canal

Also in this building will be a graphic representation of the relief project of the All-American Canal, now under construction in Southern California, which will open up thousands of barren acres to agriculture and provide homes for many American families. The exhibit will also tell the story of the Boulder Dam, one of the world’s great engineering projects, and of other undertakings connected with the water problem in the West.

In the transportation section will be a special department devoted to the historical phase of travel. Many relics which played an important part in the development of travel in the United States are being assembled. These include such colorful objects as the horse trappings of the early Spanish Dons, the ox-carts of the first settlers, covered wagons, stagecoaches and other crude vehicles.

The United States Government, which has constructed a Federal exhibit palace costing $200,000, will develop two themes. One exhibit deals with the operations of twenty government departments, which more than forty attendants will help to explain. The other is that sponsored by the Federal Housing Administration.

The first phase of the FHA exhibit is a bit of modernization magic, a dramatization of the improving of homes under maximum loans of $2,000. There will be shown a community of houses antiquated, poorly designed and in need of repairs. In the space of ten minutes it will be changed into a community that is highly modernized and improved.

Still another phase of the exhibit will be the presentation of a "New Deal City," showing fifty-six houses in miniature, designed to display the newest and best type of residential construction.

special3

Mexico to Participate

General Pascual Ortis Rubio, former President of Mexico and an honorary director of the exposition, has announced, through President Cardenas, Mexico’s decision to participate officially in the San Diego fair.

Included in the Mexico Exhibit Palace will be the famous Monte Alban jewels, priceless Maya gems, which were shown at Chicago’s A Century of Progress Exposition. These are now en route to San Diego, where they will be displayed under special guard. The Mexican government will also have exhibits from the Departments of Agriculture, Communications, Education and National Economy.

Plans are being made to bring to San Diego for the duration of the fair the famous Tipica orchestra of 100 pieces.

A unique exhibit will be that of the Screen Actors Guild on Hollywood. This group will put on display such famous objects as Mary Pickford’s curls, Charlie Chaplin’s shoes, George Arlis’s monocle and other items from the archives of the screen capital.

As to architecture, many of the buildings are of the early Spanish renaissance and Spanish Colonial styles. These are the buildings constructed for the 1915 exposition. The new buildings suggest the oldest and most typically American schools of architecture --- the ancient Maya and Indian pueblo.

Industrial Exhibits

Some of the notable commercial exhibits will be found in the Ford Building, including modern industrial devices of all kinds. This building, intended to be permanent, stands on high ground overlooking San Diego Bay and will serve as a landmark for air pilots. Adjacent is a 3,000-seat amphitheater and orchestral shell. Here the symphony orchestras of Los Angeles, San Diego, San Francisco, Seattle and Portland will play during the fair.

In this park of the park roads suggesting historic highways that have contributed to the development of the civilization of nations settling along the Pacific have been laid out, flanked by characteristic scenery. Among these world-known arteries are the Gold road of Panama, one of the ancient Inca highways of Peru, the old Spanish road in Mexico, the Oregon and Santa Fe trails, and Alaska’s Fairbanks highway.

Other exhibits will cover a great range of subjects. The Palace of Science will portray developments in its field down to the newest marvels in telephony; the Palace of Natural History contains 307, 803 specimens of birds, fish, animals, reptiles and plants; the Palace of Fine Arts, a striking collection of old masters and moderns including Ruben’s "The Holy Family," and a priceless Gobelin tapestry, and so on.

The entire United States fleet will concentrate in local waters for two-week periods. The first concentration will begin on June 10 and last until June 28. The second will be from August 7 until September 1. President Roosevelt will be here during one of the concentrations for a review.

San Diego Union, May 19, 1935, 1:4, 2:5. 3,000 men race against time to get Exposition ready.

San Diego Union, May 19, 1935, II, 1:2. Exposition to have Schweigardt statue group; sculptor donates work for Palace of Education when funds fail; exhibit won by Mrs. Vesta Muehleisen.

San Diego Union, May 19, 1935, II, 4:5. Visitors to be barred from Exposition grounds as work speeds to finish.

San Diego Sun, May 20, 1935, 1:5, 2:3-4. San Diego orphans to pull switch to open Exposition; will turn on lights after talk by President Roosevelt.

San Diego Sun, May 20, 1935, 3:2-3. Zorine, queen of the nudists, flourishes under San Diego sun.

San Diego Sun, May 20, 1935, 6:3-4. Six architectural styles to prevail at Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 20, 1935, 5:2. Artists finishing California State Building’s historic murals.

SAN DIEGO SUN

EXPOSITION EDITION

MAY 21, 1935

Section A

4:2-4. 1935 Exposition product of 1915 Fair; idea brought to San Diego by G. A. Davidson.

5:1-2. Shakespeare "streamlined" to be presented in replica of London theater at Exposition

12:1-2. "Arco del Provenir" to be Exposition surprise.

Section B

2:1-4. Frank Drugan, little man with big idea, gave American big 1935 coast Exposition.

3:3. Fifteen foreign nations in Exposition.

4:3-5. "House of Charm" to be magnet for debutante and homeowner alike at 1935 Exposition.

10:3-6. Chinese aid Exposition; Quon Mane exhibit.

Section C

1:1-2. Old mining days live again in "Gold Gulch".

1:7-8, 2:2-3. Thrill rides, lions, midgets, two-headed baby, Dillinger’s auto on Amusement list.

3:6-7. Twenty-five tribes of Indians to live at Exposition.

Section D

2:5. Welcome Note is Hospitality House Theme: Atmosphere of Spacious Casa Achieved in

Decorations, by Katharine Morrison Kahle.

In Hospitality House, the official reception building of the California-Pacific International Exposition, the women’s committee will act as gracious hostesses to the Exposition guests. It was the desire in planning the interior decorations of the building to give the rooms a feeling of welcome and the atmosphere of a comfortable spacious casa and at the same time keep all appointments consistent with the architecture.

Though the lounges and reception rooms of Hospitality House are being furnished in harmony with the Spanish-Colonial architecture of the building, they will not be replicas of old Spanish rooms.

Modern Antiques

Instead, the spirit rather than the letter of the period is followed in all the furniture, rugs and draperies and accessories. Color, line and texture suggest the ruggedness of the Spanish, yet at the same time a certain modernity is suggested.

Furniture and fabrics have been made to order

The large reception room, called the Sala de Oro, has gold for its dominant color. In this room, a gold rug and handsome, handwoven draperies of a beautiful golden tone set the color note, which is contrasted by upholstery and accessories in tones of light and dark peach and blue-green. Beautiful mirrors of Spanish design reflect the coloring of the room and a rare old Italian cabinet, the gift of Mrs. A. S. Darlington of La Jolla, an antique Mexican chest, and a pair of Mexican "Portero de Hostea," used as lamps, set the atmosphere of the room. This is a formal yet comfortable room.

As In Mexico

The large reception room upstairs has a pleasant color scheme of blue-green, gold and old faded reds, set by the beautiful handwoven drapes and the painted chairs and cabinets. Plants growing in glazed pottery jars give the loggia the effect of the typical Mexican outdoor living room. From the loggia open two spacious decks, furnished in outdoor furniture and colorful umbrellas.

In addition to these large rooms is a tower committee room, a men’s lounge, which is decorated in a rich color scheme of browns, tans and lacquer red, and a women’s lounge, whose dominant note is a cool restful green.

All appointments of decoration, including linens, dishes and furniture, have been especially ordered for the building and are in harmony of color, texture and design.

Section D

2:7. Two Hostesses Daily Provided Sala de Oro - Miss Mary Marston, member of the Women’s Executive Board, is chairman of the Hostess Committee, which will serve under the Board. Miss Marston’s committee will provide two hostesses each day in the Sala de Oro, attractive lounge of Hospitality House.

Members of the committee include Clinton Abbott; Paul Jennings; Robert Frazee; E. D. Miller; T Hale; Sam Sherman; Mary G. Hatch; W. L. Van Schaick; E. Holoway; Anne Halliday; Mary Vivian Conway

Portrait: Offices of the Women’s Executive Board are Mrs. Frank Frye Jr., secretary; Mrs. John Ward, first vice president; Mrs. Lorens Barney, second vice president; and Mrs. Clark Cavanee, third vice-president.

7:1. $50,000 home featured on Exposition grounds; 12-room Monterey colonial dwelling open to public.

10:1-6. San Diego women saved former Exposition palaces.

Section E

2:1-8. Balboa Park beauties all man-made, by Richard Pourade.

11:1-4. Hard workers made Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 21, 1935, 1:7, 2:4. Construction of major Exposition projects nears completion.

San Diego Union, May 21, 1935, II, 1:5. Mrs. Paul Maiss, general chairman of the Women’s Civic Hospitality Committee, will operate the model house in the Plaza as the Hospitality House for Exposition visitors.

San Diego Union, May 22, 1935, 1:7-8, 2:5. Exposition hits homestretch as opening looms week ahead.

San Diego Union, May 22, 1935, 1:4-5. Zoo is host to two Bactrian camels brought from Kansas City.

San Diego Sun, May 23, 1935, 1:5-6. Exhibit palaces sold out, Exposition finances good, all bills paid.

San Diego Sun, May 23, 1935, 5:6-7. "Fix-it" brigade smooths path for Exposition officials; David N. Millan heads Public Relations Committee.

San Diego Union, May 23, 1935, 12:1. Ford by-product plant miniature arrives for Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 23, 1935, 12:7-8. Gigantic map nearing completion as part of Ford exhibit.

New York Times, May 24, 1935, 23:5. Ford Building appears in the center of the Fair stamp.

San Diego Sun, May 24, 1935, 1:6-7. 10,000 workers speeding Exposition for opening.

San Diego Sun, May 24, 1935, II, 13:1. Exposition parking plans strike legal snag; Byers rules against lots in parks; Commission is split.

San Diego Union, May 24, 1935, 12:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Sun, May 25, 1935, 1:6-7, 2:6-7. Two million tickets sold in advance for Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 25, 1935, 1:3-6, 2:4-5. Plans for Exposition opening announced.

San Diego Union, May 25, 1935, 12:1-3. Standard Oil Tower to the Sun will be dedicated today.

San Diego Union, May 25, 1935, 12:5-6. Village of 52 historic buildings in miniature added to Ford exhibit.

Los Angeles Times, May 26, 1935, III, 10:1. Film History Exhibit to Be in Spotlight; cinema folk to hold many parties on first night, by Sylva Weaver.

San Diego Union, May 26, 1935, 1:1, 2:5. Exposition opening will be broadcast to 75 million; two national chains book four programs.

San Diego Union, May 26, 1935, 4:5-7. Acres of beautiful flowers, lighting effect on foliage, constitute one of Exposition’s dazzling spectacles, by Ada Perry.

San Diego Union, May 26, 1935, 11:1. Ford Bowl gets most powerful organ in world.

San Diego Union, May 26, 1935, II, 1:2. Art decorations tell vivid story of California State.

San Diego Union, May 26, 1935, II, 12:1. Cast to enact plays of Shakespeare at replica of Globe theater.

San Diego Union, May 26, 1935, II, 12:3. Model Infantry Unit to set up Exposition camp; to be situated on Midway adjoining Indian Village.

New York Times, May 27, 1935, 6:5. Mexican president Cardenas has invited Luis Rodriguez to represent him at the San Diego Fair; he leaves tomorrow; Monte Alban jewels leave tomorrow night.

San Diego Union, May 27, 1935, 1:2. Skeleton found on Exposition ground with bullet in skull.

San Diego Union, May 27, 1935, 1:6-7, 2:3. 4,000 racing against time as Exposition’s deadline nears.

San Diego Union, May 27, 1935, 1:6-7, 2:3. Exposition clean-up crew ready; builders leave, last nail pounded in; crowd due.

San Diego Sun, May 28, 1935, 1:8, 3:2-3. Exposition ready; dress rehearsal set for tonight.

San Diego Sun, May 28, 1935, 3:1-4. Nudists frolic for laws OK.

San Diego Union, May 28, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: A Proud City - These visitors of 1935 will see a great Exposition. Those who look beyond it can see a proud city, secure in its pride.

Los Angeles Times, May 29, 1935, 1:2-3, 2:1-3. San Diego Exposition’s Gates to Open Today; grounds ready for flag raising at 11 a.m., with Roosevelt talk scheduled for 8 p.m.; cabinet members on hand to air initiation ceremony; air show tonight.

Los Angeles Times, May 29, 1935, 12:1. Exposition opening one of two signal world events to be broadcast; ship whistle across seas to be heard; liner’s blast off France will ring San Diego bell atop an ancient San Diego mission, by Carroll Nye; maiden voyage of S. S. Normandie.

Los Angeles Times, May 29, 1935, II, 4:1. EDITORIAL: San Diego’s Exposition: The difference from, not the similarity to other expositions will at once stir the imagination and quicken the feelings of these visitors to Balboa Park to whom the romance of history, the delicacy of art, the charm of environment, the touch of nature and glimpses of the unknown have power to penetrate.

Los Angeles Times, May 29, 1935, II, 7:1. San Diego’s most important season opens with Exposition tomorrow; introductory dinner honors official pair, wives of prominent participators to be feted also.

San Diego Sun, May 29, 1935, 1:8. 25,000 throng Exposition opening; Governor Merriam says State of California grateful.

San Diego Sun, May 29, 1935, 2:1. San Diego Symphony to dedicate Ford Bowl; first concert this afternoon.

San Diego Sun, May 29, 1935, 3:1. Night lights lend "magic" to Exposition.

San Diego Sun, May 29, 1935, II, 11:2. Exposition speeds through ten months work.

San Diego Sun, May 29, 1935, II, 11:3-4. Exposition Sidelights.

San Diego Union, May 29, 1935, 1:3-4. Official Program Opening Day.

San Diego Union, May 29, 1935, 1:7, 2:4-5. Ford machinery is started for preview at Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 29, 1935, 1:5, 2:1. Exposition welcomes world today at 11:00 a.m.

San Diego Union, May 29, 1935, 2:7-8. Governor Merriam officiates at California State Building dedication.

San Diego Union, May 29, 1935, 3:8. Workmen praised for coordination on Globe Theater.

San Diego Union, May 29, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: "World Capital" - Today’s invitation to this world capital is a great event, and a spectacular one. The tenure of the capital itself is a greater event, and a greater spectacle.

San Diego Union, May 29, 1935, 5:1. Fletcher drives first car on Roads of Pacific.

Los Angeles Times, May 30, 1935, 1:5-8, 5:6-8, 6:2. Booming guns hail officials as San Diego Exposition opens; spectacular event launched with a crowd of 25,000 at ceremonies.

Los Angeles Times, May 30, 1935, 1:6-7, 6:5. Confidence in future hailed by President Roosevelt.

Los Angeles Times, May 30, 1935, 4:1-5. Progress of west coast typified in miracle city; visitors stand in awe as they view wonders of colossal spectacle reflecting genius of man, by Kenneth O’Hara.

Los Angeles Times, May 30, 1935, 4:1-4. New science marvels at San Diego Fair eclipse those of Alladin’s lamp; robot, capering electrons and Magic House among array of wonders, by William S. Barton.

Los Angeles Times, May 30, 1935, 4:2-3. Midway’s barkers offer wide array of features.

Los Angeles Times, May 30, 1935, 4:4. Catholics plan parade; five thousand to march in special ceremony at Exposition Sunday.

New York Times, May 30, 1935, 3:3. President Roosevelt hails San Diego’s Fair; telephone speech given.

New York Times, May 31, 1935, 14:4. EDITORIAL: The Coast Celebrates: It is . . . in order to point out that San Diego’s four centuries of progress are not a continuous four centuries. . . . The town is younger by more than 150 years than Santa Fe.

San Diego Herald, May 30, 1935, 1:7-8. Exposition gates open.

San Diego Sun, May 30, 1935, 1:3, 2:2-3. Holiday crowds jam Exposition; Memorial Day fete draws new throngs; 60,000 attend opening day.

San Diego Sun, May 30, 1935, 3:1. President Roosevelt opens Exposition; orphans turn on lights.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, 1:8, 2:1-2. 60,000 enter Exposition gates; praise high as success is assured; President Roosevelt dedicates Exposition by telephone hookup from capital; pageant shows progress of 400 years.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, 1:5-7, 2:1. "Confidence in prospects," keynote of President Roosevelt’s talk opening Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, 2:4-5. Governor Merriam says "San Diego is example to world," as $90,000 California State Building is presented to Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, 2:7-8. Secretary Roper dedicates Federal Building.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, 3:8. Redwood, steel houses attract interest in Palace of Better Housing.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, 3:8. Peepers’ Paradise found in Nudists’ camp fence holes.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, 5:1. Globe Theater troupe thrills first audience, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, 5:2-3. "Here is California" tells story of State’s exhibits.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, 6:3-4. San Diego Symphony scores great triumph with first concerts in Ford Bowl, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, 8:1-4. Brilliant tea and dinners open festive Exposition, by Eileen Jackson.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, II, 5:1. Model building contest popular with thousands.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, II, 5:7-8. Thrills, chills, skills are seen on Midway as carnival barkers bellow wares in ‘come-on" chorus.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1935, II, 7:5. Fletcher first on Ford roads.

Los Angeles Times, May 31, 1935, 1:6-7, 3:2-3. Huge holiday throngs storm into Exposition, by Chapin Hall.

Los Angeles Times, May 31, 1935, 3:1. Fair crowd honors dead; Memorial Day observed; Secretary Roper, Merriam and Phillips speak before throng in Proscenium.

Los Angeles Times, May 31, 1935, 3:5-6. Exposition Gold Gulch arouses ghosts of ’49, by Kenneth O’Hara.

San Diego Sun, May 31, 1935, 18:1. Palace of Food and Beverages draws crowds.

San Diego Union, May 31, 1935, 1:8, 3:1. 200,000 people converging on Exposition; attendance hits 116,741 for two days.

San Diego Union, May 31, 1935, 2:3-4. Exposition visitors pause for tribute to nation’s war dead; dignitaries participate in rites at Organ Amphitheater.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 1, 1935. Colored lights on each side of fountain in Palace of Water designed by G. Everett Farmer, electrical engineer. San Diego History Center Research Library.

Los Angeles Times, June 1, 1935, 1:5, 2:5. Youth rules Exposition; thousands of Orange County school children see San Diego wonders.

San Diego Sun, June 1, 1935, 1:2-3, 2:1-8. 10,000 Catholics to march in Exposition grounds Sunday; 35,000 to witness solemn ceremony; ranking members of church arrives.

San Diego Union, June 1, 1935, 1:3. Shrine thousands at Exposition today; Orange County children visit Fair; 10,000 students swarm grounds; schools closed to allow trip; concerts, parades mark day; 40,000 Catholics due tomorrow; Lieutenant Governor to arrive at 11 a.m.

San Diego Union, June 1, 1935, 1:4-5. Today - Shrine Day, Fresno Day, School Library Association Day; Scottish Rites Women’s Day; Palace of Travel and Transportation dedication at 12 p.m.; San Diego Symphony orchestra concert in Ford Museum Bowl, Nino Marcelli, conductor, at 2:30 p.m.

San Diego Union, June 1, 1935, 1:6, 2:1. Red fez-shrine clan converges here for ceremonial, colorful parade; special train will bring throng; film actor members will join in gala frolic; side trips planned.

San Diego Union, June 1, 1935, 2:5. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 1, 1935, 2:6-7. Exposition Information.

San Diego Union, June 1, 1935, 2:8. Elks rulers here to plan special Exposition day.

San Diego Union, June 1, 1935, 3:6-7. First concerts in Ford Bowl attest popularity of symphony orchestra, by Wallace Moody.

Los Angeles Times, June 2, 1935, 3:2. Shrine sees Exposition; Fezzed nobles in parade; officials expect 40,000 Catholics to attend ceremonies today.

Los Angeles Times, June 2, 1935, III, 6:2. Hollywood film folk see the sights at the Fair; celebrities gathered in the Motion Picture Hall of Fame to open their building to the public.

San Diego Union, June 1, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: BIG SMASH - The Exposition is on its way. Every bit of advance faith and civic optimism is justified, the Exposition is "going over."

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, July 2, 1935. Ford exhibit: Weatherometer testing resistance of paints and enamels to all kinds of weather conditions; Fadeometer testing upholstery fabrics to their resistance to the sun; Shelton looms exhibit showing how upholstery fabrics are woven; Friction device administering 10,000 strokes every 90 minutes to find out wearing qualities of fabrics. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Union, June 2, 1935, 1:2-3. Exposition receipts soar beyond estimates according to treasurer Emil Klicka.

San Diego Union, June 2, 1935, 1:2, 3:1. Titles conferred on neophytes in Exposition Shrine Day.

San Diego Union, June 2, 1935, 1:5, 8:5-6. Two bishops to lead field mass; 60,000 Southland Catholics, choir of 300, uniformed bodies, dignitaries to participate in Ceremony at Organ Amphitheater.

San Diego Union, June 2, 1935, 8:1. Lieutenant Governor Hatfield is thrilled by beauty of Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 2, 1935, 8:2. Fourteen nations pick Exposition committee, welcome chiefs.

San Diego Union, June 2, 1935, 8:3-4. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 2, 1935, 9:1. Palace of Transportation is last to be dedicated.

San Diego Union, June 2, 1935, 4:4-6. Relief details on Food and Beverage Building.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 3, 1935. El Paso Troupers included Tipica Orchestra of the Paso del Norte Arts & Crafts Guild. San Diego Historical Society Research Library.

Los Angeles Times, June 3, 1935, 3:1. Catholics visit Fair; day marked by great parade; Bishop Cantwell speaks and military field mass features program.

San Diego Sun, June 3, 1935, 1:4, 3:1-3. Splendor of field mass yesterday at high noon holds 50,000 spellbound.

San Diego Sun, June 3, 1935, 8:2-4. "Original" Jesse James featured in Gold Gulch.

San Diego Sun, June 3, 1935, 14:2-3. Travel and Transportation Building doors are opened.

San Diego Union, June 3, 1935, 1:3, 3:1. Reverence marks Exposition throng at pontifical mass; many prelates, priests aid in impressive ceremony featuring Catholic Day.

San Diego Union, June 3, 1935, 1:6. Exposition attendance 218,349 for five days; throngs due.

San Diego Union, June 3, 1935, 3:6-7. What they think of Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 3, 1935, 8:8. Boy Scouts retain part of Indian Village.

San Diego Sun, June 4, 1935, 1:2-3, 7:2. Texans whirl into city for El Paso day at Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 4, 1935, 1:7-8. 92 stations to release Fleet salute from Exposition, June 10.

San Diego Union, June 4, 1935, 5:4. Townsend group plans big mass meeting at Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 4, 1935, II, 2:1. "True Vow" group will gather for Exposition fete.

San Diego Sun, June 5, 1935, 1:5-6, 7:3. Exposition board voices praise for management.

San Diego Union, June 5, 1935, 1:1-2. Today’s program; Golden Wedding Day.

San Diego Union, June 5, 1935, 1:6-7, 2:5. Texas "Whynots" invade Fair Grounds.

San Diego Union, June 5, 1935, 2:3-4. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Sun, June 6, 1935, 1:3-4. 175 Army officers, men to make home at Exposition; 50 trucks bring San Francisco soldiers to be quartered in El Zocalo.

San Diego Union, June 6, 1935, 1:1-2. Program; Ladies of the GAR Day.

San Diego Union, June 6, 1935, 1:7, 2:5. 250 aged pairs pledge troth again; mass nuptials held for True Vow folk; ceremony repeated in House of Hospitality; gold book is installed.

San Diego Union, June 6, 1935, 1:6-8, 2:6. Exposition will surrender to U.S. Infantry today; sheriffs’ air forces plan invasion from sky.

San Diego Union, June 6, 1935, 5:1. Program is set for war mothers for Exposition this Sunday.

San Diego Union, June 6, 1935, 5:3-5. Vast educational exhibit in Palace of Education; built around cultural development in state.

Los Angeles Times, June 7, 1935, 3:1. Army force enters Fair; troops in camp at Exposition; crack detail from Bay City passes in review before ladies of the GAR; the company is called the Provisional Company because it is made up of picked men from each company of the 30^th; it will do parade and escort duty.

San Diego Sun, June 7, 1935, 1:2-3. Exposition "pop" shows get warning from Police Chief George Sears.

San Diego Union, June 7, 1935, 1:1-2. Program.

San Diego Union, June 7, 1935, 1:5, 2:7. Exposition surrenders unconditionally to U.S. Infantry; soldiers arrive from north in 44 big trucks; go into camp at end of Midway.

San Diego Union, June 7, 1935, 3:4. Major O. F. J. Keatinge, in charge of Globe Theater, tells Rotarians that Exposition success is assured.

San Diego Union, June 8, 1935, 1:2-3. Program - Registered Graduate Nurses’ Day; Hotel Greeters’ Day; Apartment Owners and Managers’ Day; Ventura County Day.

San Diego Union, June 8, 1935, 1:3, 2:4. Palace of Education formally presented by Dr. L. B. Crutcher, president of the state board, yesterday.

San Diego Union, June 8, 1935, 3:5-6. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 8, 1935, 3:6. Navy book pays tribute to Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 9, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - American War Mothers’ Day; San Diego Union Model Yacht Club Regatta Day, Los Angeles Sheriff’s Aero-Squadron Day; California Optometrists Association Day; United Commercial Travelers’ Day.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 9, 1935. Murals on facade of California State Building depicted various periods of California’s growth; each panel 6 ft. wide and 18 ft. high.

San Diego Union, June 9, 1935, 1:2, 2:4. Varied programs to keep visitors on jump at Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 9, 1935, II, 1:1, 3:2-3. Exposition Chorus invites Mme. Schumann-Heink to appear with 500-voice group in "Elijah".

San Diego Union, June 9, 1935, World-Wide Features, 6:4-6. Photography of main entrance to California State Building, showing 18-ft. murals; four units in group, each 6 ft. wide by 18 ft. high

June 10, 1935. Program - Navy Week (first day).

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 10, 1935. "Breathing House" behind Palace of Better Housing; a model home designed by Richard J. Neutra, built entirely of steel with exposed portions coated with aluminum; air channels run through walls and when the heat of the sun warms them, it automatically starts a cooling draft; low-temperature electric heating element underneath the floors for warmth. San Diego History Center Research Library.

June 10, 1935. Time Magazine, "National Affairs" - CALIFORNIA: "Miracle of 1935"

When Chicago’s Century of Progress opened two years ago, two enterprising Midwesterners of 19 sat up all night for the distinction of being the fair’s first sightseers. Midwesterners, when they age and retire, make their way by thousands to Southern California. Hence last week bent, grey-headed Howard Jackson, a one-time publisher of Oshkosh, Wis., was the first man to hand his ticket to a sombreroed gatekeeper and pass though the turnstile at San Diego’s California-Pacific International Exposition.

Situated on the brink of the Pacific, ten miles from the Mexican border, San Diego is a bustling city of 150,000 whose chief assets are one of the world’s finest harbors, the adjacent rich resort colony of Coronado, the biggest West Coast naval station and Army, Navy and Marine air bases. From Chicago the city’s resourceful businessmen borrowed their reason for having a fair this year. It was to represent approximately "four centuries of progress" dating from 1542 when Portuguese Navigator Cabrillo’s ships entered the harbor. More realistic were San Diego’s two main inducements to hold a fair: 1) to bait ten million tourists into the city before Armistice Day; 2) to put to some practical use 1,400-acre Balboa Park and the many permanent Neo-Hispanic buildings by the late Bertram Goodhue left over from the Panama-California Exposition of 1915-16.* Accordingly, the citizenry passed the hat to collection $500,000 for organization expenses, concessionaires were invited to participate, the U.S. Government appropriated $125,000 for a building, Henry Ford and Standard Oil erected two more, 32 foreign governments are represented in the House of Pacific Relations, and "a city of magic in a land of dreams" became California’s latest attraction last week.

Notable was the official opening fanfare. Secretary of Commerce Roper was on hand to hope that the Federal exhibit would be "of educational value to the country." Undersecretary of State Phillips assured California that out of Japan’s commercial invasion of the U.S. would come "a cooperative solution." Postmaster General Farley struck off a big 3 cent commemorative stamp which was sure to get him into more philatelic hot water because the most prominent feature was the Ford Building. And a 8 p.m. on opening day, President Roosevelt from Washington radioed that he hoped to get out to San Diego’s show this summer. Following the President’s address, the lights went on. "Chicago went in for brilliant glitter," San Diego’s newshawks had observed, "San Diego will aim at soft glow."

Under the soft glow of colored lights playing on bowers of palm and eucalyptus trees, a comfortable but by no means spectacular crowd of 25,000 began to see the fair sights in earnest. In the Palace of Science was many a 20^th century industrial gadget and the original gold spike with which Leland Stanford joined the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads in 1869. In the Ford Bowl was playing the San Diego Symphony, to be followed throughout the summer by orchestras from Portland, Seattle, San Francisco, Los Angeles and the 250-voiced Mormon Tabernacle Choir from Salt Lake City. Mexico had again sent north its Monte Alban Mayan treasures. But the real fun was, as usual, to be had on the Midway.

Smuggled in a ravine was the "Gold Gulch Mining Camp," complete with an old-time saloon, ogling dance hall girls and some bearded characters in hickory shirts splashing in a muddy wallow with pans. Tabloid versions of Shakespearean drama were playing at "Shakespeare’s Old Globe Theater," an old-time Chicago attraction. A concession called "The Hollywood Parade" exhibited Mary Pickford’s curls, Charlie Chaplin’s shoes, some old cinema sets, and bogus picture-making. A horseshow called "The Days of Saladin" was featuring a grey stallion said to have been ridden by Rudolph Valentino, and in the Indian Village Chief Big Tree, supposed to have posed for The End of the Trail, went on view. Climax of the whole brummagem business was the "Zoro Gardens." There a bearded oldster in a G-string and a chorus of gauzy young female exhibitionists were conducting a "nudist colony." For 25 cents a spectator could stare at them, then go off among the trees, take off his own clothes, join the colony. A crow of thrifty peeping-toms took in the whole show though the knot-holes of the surrounding fence.

All this was billed as "The Miracle of 1935" and San Diego was enthusiastically determined to make its fair a success. So eager was Mayor Percy James Benbough that all ranks of the citizenry should profit from the exposition, and all kinds of visitors should fine the city hospitable, that last fortnight he called into the Chamber of Commerce Auditorium 225 local saloonkeepers, gamblers, bookmakers and dive-operators. In an hour’s speech notable for its frankness, the one time police chief who also runs an undertaking establishment on the side, warned his listeners: "Don’t let your money go to anyone who claims he can fix you at City Hall. We are going to get rid of the chiseler and the rat and we need your help . . . . If you insist on doing an illegal business --- and mind you, I am not telling you it’s all right --- take your chances. . . . It will break you if you have to pay protection money and fines too."

Said President Martin Healy of the San Diego Liberal Businessmen’s Association (bars, night clubs) "It’s just what I wanted to hear."

Said Johnny Niehl of the Hercules Club, "I don’t see anything wrong with the Mayor at all."

Said Herman ("The Jew Kid") Hetzel of the Gold Club: "It was a very sensible talk. He’ll make a good Mayor. Bookmaking isn’t really a crime."

*In competition with the great Panama-Pacific International Exposition held the same year at San Francisco to commemorate the opening of the Panama Canal. True to the tradition of Northern and Southern California rivalry, San Francisco will stage a world’s fair in 1937 to mark the completion of its two new bay bridges.

San Diego Sun, June 10, 1935, 1:4, 11:5. Exposition throws gates open to Navy men.

San Diego Sun, June 10, 1935, 1:5-7. Amateur nudists demand probe of Zoro gardens "pros"; Whalen, Sears shake heads.

San Diego Sun, June 10, 1935, 2:2-4. New police censor on job; he frowns at brassieres; smiles at full-length gowns.

San Diego Union, June 10, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - First day of Navy Week.

San Diego Union, June 10, 1935, 1:4-5. Fuse burns out as Mae West meets Old West in Exposition’s Gold Gulch.

San Diego Union, June 10, 1935, 1:6-7, 2:2. 63,000 men, officers to "hit beach" today as 114 ships return.

San Diego Union, June 10, 1935, 1:7-8, 3:8. Flying deputies circle Exposition; throng here for Fleet return; attendance reaches 350,757.

San Diego Union, June 10, 1935, 9:4. Richard J. Neutra’s design for "breathing home" placed on exhibit in the Better Housing display at the Exposition yesterday; won prize in Better Homes in America national contest.

San Diego Union, June 10, 1935. SPORTS, 1:8. Honor model yacht owners’ contest at Exposition; boys receive awards beside the Arch of the Future at the north lagoon.

San Diego Sun, June 11, 1935, 4:5. Zoro "nudies" annoyed at slur on nudism.

San Diego Union, June 11, 1935, 1:1. Navy parades might as 114 war craft make port; host waits ashore with big welcome; some 63,000 officers and men returning to their homes after two months of intensive exercises.

San Diego Union, June 11, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Second Day Navy Week, San Diego Army and Navy Academy Day, Detail Furniture Dealers’ Day.

San Diego Union, June 11, 1935, 1:6, 2:7. B. A. Lechner, manager of the travel department of the Pacific Coast Division of the American Express Co., aid the Exposition is going to be a success.

San Diego Union, June 11, 1935, 1:7, 2:4. Exposition gates open free as sailors rush to the Midway.

San Diego Union, June 11, 1935, II, 1:2. 12,269 have paid admission to see Shakespeare at Globe.

San Diego Union, June 11, 1935, II, 1:8. San Diego County exhibit almost finished in California State Building; worth $15,000.

San Diego Union, June 12, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Third day Navy Week.

San Diego Union, June 12, 1935, 1:3-4, 2:4. Rank officers of Navy, aides guest at big dinner, dance reception at Exposition; gold braid dominates brilliant scene as leaders of Fleet, wives entertained by Fair, city, county officials, Chamber of Commerce; Belcher toasts distinguished visitors, President Roosevelt; no speeches offered.

San Diego Union, June 12, 1935, 3:1-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 12, 1935, 3:2. Oregon prepares to send exhibit; excursion to San Diego.

San Diego Union, June 12, 1935, 6:3-4. City to eliminate dangerous auto parking near Exposition grounds.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 13, 1935. Television in Palace of Electricity and Varied Industries.

San Diego Sun, June 13, 1935, 2:1. Exposition Sidelights.

San Diego Union, June 13, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Fourth Day Fleet Week, Pacific Coast Bowling Congress Day, San Diego County Elementary Schools Day.

San Diego Union, June 13, 1935, 1:6, 2:6. Sailor from prairie elated at Exposition visit here; set for more.

San Diego Union, June 13, 1935, 3:4. Wealth of varied music features at Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 13, 1935. 5:1. Crowd witness first television exhibit at Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 13, 1935, 5:3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 13, 1935, 5:3. Concessionaires sue Exposition for $28,465.

San Diego Union, June 13, 1935, 9:1-8. Brilliant navy fete makes glamorous social history; garden tea at Court of Honor in Balboa Park; ball at Hotel del Coronado.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 14, 1935. 108 ft. high Standard Oil "Tower of the Sun" with powerful neon light at top.

San Diego Sun, June 14, 1935, II, 11:2-3. San Diego High keeps tradition; will graduate 510 seniors at Balboa Park Organ Amphitheater today.

San Diego Union, June 14, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Fifth Day Fleet Week, Daughters of American Revolution Day, San Diego High School Commencement.

San Diego Union, June 14, 1935, 1:7-8. First relay will leave Exposition today on 2,500 mile crest hike.

San Diego Union, June 14, 1935, 2:5-6. Organ recitals and vocal programs make Exposition mecca of music lovers, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, June 14, 1935, 5:4. Alpha the Robot, who hears, speaks, rises, sits, shoots a pistol and makes a speech of thanks on display in the Palace of Science at the Exposition; activated by vibrations of the human voice.

San Diego Union, June 14, 1935, 7:1. Exposition ceremony to dedicate U.S. Housing exhibit tomorrow.

San Diego Union, June 14, 1935, 14:7-8. DAR Day program at Exposition today lists interesting activity.

San Diego Union, June 14, 1935, II, 1:5. 28 Indian children from Warner Hot Springs took part in program in House of Hospitality auditorium and toured Exposition grounds yesterday.

San Diego Union, June 14, 1935, II, 14:1. Professor Frederick W. Schweigardt lauded for sculpture he donated to the Palace of Education at the Exposition; group represents "The Cornerstones of Democracy".

San Diego Union, June 14, 1935, II, 14:4. False rumors on Exposition rapped; attendance has not "flopped"; J. Clark Chamberlain of the Exposition speakers’ bureau said yesterday that dishonest attendance figures are not being released; paid admissions average about 27,000 daily; no truths to rumor that Henry Ford will close his exhibit if Gold Gulch is not close.

 

June 15, 1935. Colliers. "Tomorrow Comes to San Diego," by W. B. Courtney . . . excerpt

. . . You quit the Tower, to meet the living men whose enterprise and dreams of beauty made this holiday possible for you. There are many, of course, whose services are fully as devoted and valuable as those who are sung. It is our misfortune to have time only for power heads.

Juan B. Larrinaga, the artist, who spilled colors and floodlights and buildings with abandon over the 300 acres of Balboa Park that were set aside for the Exposition, scrambled them with mad joy, and then said presto and stepped aside and you saw by day a fairyland of ordered genius, and by night a quaking aurora. Larrinaga is a Mexican, who left home in Lower California at seventeen aboard a donkey and starved and fought his way from painting murals in Texas saloons and sets in border honky-tonks to a foremost place in western American stage and movie design.

Richard Requa, the architect of the Exposition, has added to the Spanish Colonial and Spanish Renaissance of the old fair, the American prehistoric ingredients of Aztec, Maya and Pueblo architecture. In his conception, he has patterned the steps along which architecture has developed from the most ancient expressions, to the most modern in our Southwest. He has had the witty courage to take advantage of the climate and gain adornment and coloring for his buildings by the use of living plants. Foliage not only binds the foundations to the ground setting; but flowers stream down from boxes hidden along the parapets so that the walls of every palazzo are vivid cataracts.

The Man Behind the Idea

Zack J. Farmer gathered the Exposition into his strong hands and hurled it over the deadline. He is the managing director. He is one of the extraordinary men of the Pacific Coast. You may not consider it a favor, but Farmer is responsible for your heaving heard so much about Los Angeles in the last decade. He organized community development thought up there; and persuaded the town’s editors to declare truce in that one field --- a miracle when you reflect that in Los Angeles American journalism has reached its Bowery. Alone, he put over the Olympic Games --- which everybody said would be 1932’s outstanding failure --- and turned a profit of nearly two million.

For the Coast, the San Diego’s Exposition’s success as a show and spectacle if nothing else --- was guaranteed when Los Angeles gave him leave of absence to come down here. Farmer is from Colorado. He is lean as an ear of Indian maize, dusty as a tumbleweed, with a homespun face. He likes to sit on a rock in the desert and mope. He has known the hatred and rancor of ranch-fencing warfare; he has known the peace that comes to a man who looks up from the desert floor to where sunset breaks on range peaks and spills down the slopes and fades there. He is a boy, a zealot, a visionary, a poet. He is brown enough to be a Hindu, and you think there must be something of the snake charmer in him; for he has blown on the flutes of grit and imagination and out of the green jungle of Balboa Park white spires have writhed, opalescent domes have swelled.

It will cost you fifty cents for each general admission to the Exposition grounds --- although I might rent you my pass for two bits a day. All the major "palacios" are free; while private concessions on the Midway and elsewhere will make you fork over ten cents or more each. You cannot take your car inside the grounds. Parking space will be available outside. Inside, busses patrol the main stems; but you won’t need them unless you are infirm. The Exposition layout is in the shape of a letter "S" and you can take shortcuts through cool, shaded woods. Indeed, the principal assets of this fair are, first, its lush setting; and second, the completeness of its buildings.

Unlike Chicago and other fairs --- where, if you walked to the rear of the trim buildings, you found yourself looking into the unpainted innards; studding, cardboard, sawdust --- the San Diego Exposition is as callipygian as she is refined and elegant in profile. You will not have to roast on vast sun-griddled pavements. You will never be more than a pace length from shade. A hundred feet from walls that enclose the latest gadgets of science, you may lose yourself in primitive canyons; pick wild flowers with no cops to say boo; glimpse coyotes, or scare up wild bunnies. Take your camera; wherever you point it here an unforgettable picture will be framed. Remember to judge your exposures for Latitude 30 degrees.

This hardened old collector of world’s fairs believes you gain from them in proportion to what you bring to them; and San Diego’s Exposition, more than any other in my opinion, will reward you abundantly as you come with heart or mind open, or merely on pleasure bent. If you want a Midway --- there is one. Exposition midways change with morals and with the advance of entertainment science. This one will have familiar things, including peep shows that are just educational, mind you. It will have thrills, and rides and fakes; but it will also have Boulder Dam and Crime Never Pays, and lion and snake farms, and Alfy the homeless Mechanical Man.

If I were to tell you all the wonders and beauties, natural and feminine, that you will find you would not have to come to the fair and that would not be good for American business. One nobly thoughtful feature: you can sit your way down all through the Exposition. There will be 1,500 benches --- each large enough for eight Westerners, or six Easterners. There will be splendid gardens; faithful copies of the noted Casa del Rey Moro backyard of Ronda, Spain, and of the Alcazar in Seville. There will be a Japanese tea garden and a Japanese school ship down in the harbor on a mission of friendliness.

In the Café of the World, which you will only think is al fresco, you may order the dish you liked best in Shepheard’s in Cairo or in the Foreign Club in Shanghai. There will be terrace and garden dining. Music, too. The Spreckels Organ, facing the Plaza del Pacifico, is unique, famous throughout the world. In the Ford Bowl you may sit on moonlit nights and see the hunched ridges of the Inkopah Mountains holding up the sky to the south; catch the sheen of the ocean on the west; and inhale the fragrance of the intervale carried to you by trade winds, as you listen to concerts by symphony orchestras.

A Trip Through the Fair

There will be special fiestas for each of the fair’s 167 days. And there is no end of beautiful and imposing palaces --- "palacios," we call them out here, and the streets are avenidas. No doubt you, too, will pick up a few Spanish words. In the palacios you will find the usual demonstrations of homemaking, exhibits of travel and industry, and of art and science. In the Motion Picture Hall of Fame, you will see actual movies in the making, by Hollywood squads. In the $350,000 Federal Building you will find more than twenty government department exhibits, including a post office in actual operation; and a Model Town in which you are instructed by the Housing Bureau in ten minutes how with a loan of $2,000 from your government, you may convert a down-at-the-heels community into a fit subject for anybody’s picture postcards.

Along the "Pacific Roads," with typical Exposition informality, you will travel in half a mile, through China, Japan, Hawaii, and the old Mexican treasure trail from San Blas to Veracruz. The Republic of Mexico, by the way, has one of the outstanding exhibits; including the priceless Monte Alban jewels, Maya antiquities sent in an armored car under the guard of Mexican soldiery; a show-off team of charros, trick horsemen; and the famous Tipica orchestra.

The House of Pacific Relations, a group of fifteen haciendas around a green plaza, will always remain for me the most seraphic picture the Exposition affords. These casitas are like patrician thoughts, given substance, and dropped to jell in emerald arbors. You might not appreciate what Cuba and Jugoslavia have to do with Pacific Relations, until you learn Pacific is used in the meaning of peace, not of geography. There is a suspicion the Nudist Colony might not be so pacific with holy men and police to pacify. The idea was to get genuine Nudists from their lairs in Germany and Indiana; but they would have nothing to do with commercialized exhibitionism. So these Exposition nudists are hirelings from the stage; but the result is the same.

The Exposition says it is all in the interests of good health, clean living, right thinking, and that the colony is really a semi-religious affair. Well, even though your worshipful faculties may be deficient, it will be worth your while to enter this amphitheater, deep in a sylvan glen, to see what Nudists do with their time besides play. I know a spot --- the top of the frontier express company blockhouse in Gold Gulch --- from which you can peep into the Nudist Colony.

In the Days of Forty-nine

Gold Gulch, by the way, is the most distinctive and truly authentic of the concessions. In it you may share the ribald fund of the Forty-niners. It covers twenty-one acres, close to the main gate of the Exposition, yet lost in a winding arroyo from which you may see, try though you will, no sign of modern life, no pole or wire; not even a corner of the rest of the fair. From the moment you board the ramshackle old stagecoach, or the pack burro, and rattle down the rough trail shouting, "Yip-pee!", you may have a very real illusion of moving down three-quarters of a century in time. Gold Gulch is a reproduction of a mining camp of ’49; not just a set, but a living, actual lode-country post, where bearded miners are at work and you might see Bret Harte or Mark Twain any moment. Down here you can uncork all your suppressed desires to be mean and tough and ornery.

San Diego’s California-Pacific International Exposition is not the largest the nation has ever known; but it is the most glamorous. You will not find here the most colossal this, the most stupendous that; your soul will be touched, rather than your muscles. You will not perceive in this fair the bounce of Saint Louis’, the ambition of Philadelphia’s, the gusto of San Francisco’s, the vastness of Chicago’s; but you will be aware of the spunkiest fist the Far West has yet shaken at national economic bogeymen. You will discover the pioneer lilt of the Forty-niners and the homeyness of Middle West state fairs astonishing and strangely blended and translated for the first time into an International Exposition. You will be vastly entertained, mildly educated, wholly charmed. San Diego, convinced that exquisite Balboa Park, justifies all her claims as an international exposition city, has Browning I her backbone: "If you get simple beauty and naught else, you get about the best thing God invents."

San Diego Sun, June 15, 1935, 1:1-2, 2:4. Municipality Day at Exposition; FHA "Model Town" dedicated.

San Diego Union, June 15, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Last Day Fleet Week, League of California Municipalities Day, Turnverein Day, Nautical Club Day, California County Planners Association Day, National Housing Day.

San Diego Union, June 15, 1935, 1:7, 2:6. Schumann-Heink, 74, today.

San Diego Union, June 15, 1935, 5:5. Bonham Brothers Boy’s Band and Pasadena’s Boys’ Choir to present two concerts at Organ Pavilion today.

San Diego Union, June 15, 1935, 10:1. Federal Housing Authority to sponsor exposition ceremonies at Model Town today.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 16, 1935. Reception for California Garden Club Federation in House of Hospitality between 4 and 5 p.m.; Modeltown consisted of 56 complete modern homes in miniature. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Fleet Week extended to July 1; California Garden Club Federation Day, Natural Congress of Naturopaths Day, International Typographical Union Day, National A. A. U., Volley Ball Championship Day, Los Angeles Mineralogical Society Day.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1935, 1:7, 2:4. Federal Housing Authority Model Town is dedicated with parade led by SERA band; ceremony; 3,000 persons attended dedication; 56 complete house in miniature exhibited.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1935, 1:7-8. Herbert Hoover, Lyman Wilbur due here tomorrow for Exposition event.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1935, 2:1. Film celebrities make Exposition round; attend barbecue at Indian Village.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1935, Gymnasts held stage at Organ Amphitheater yesterday.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1935, 9:1. Pomona singers warmly praised for Exposition concert, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1935, II, 1:8. Exposition attendance tops half-million mark in 18 days.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1935, II, 2:1. Canadian Legion parley to open July 1 at Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1935, II, 12:1. Palace of Water to be dedicated at Exposition today.

San Diego Union, June 17, 1935. 1:1-2. Program - Eastern Colleges’ Day.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 17, 1935. Children’s Theater just opened in Spanish Village. 90 ft. long and 56 ft. wide; Meglin Kiddies to appear in six shows daily.

San Diego Union, June 17, 1935, 1:3, 2:5. International Typographical Union conference ended yesterday with a rally at Organ Amphitheater.

San Diego Union, June 17, 1935, 1:5, 2:3. Ceremonies mark dedication of Palace of Water today.

San Diego Union, June 17, 1935, 1:7-8. Exposition has record attendance in start on second half million.

San Diego Union, June 17, 1935, 1:6-7, 2:5. Reception ready for Herbert Hoover, Lyman Wilbur, wives on Exposition visit.

San Diego Union, June 17, 1935, 2:8. Officers of Salvation Army held a vespers service at Organ Amphitheater yesterday afternoon.

San Diego Union, June 17, 1935, 3:2. Mexico’s exhibit to be installed at Exposition next week.

San Diego Union, June 17, 1935, 3:4-5. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 17, 1935, II, 1:2. Music program highlighted by Exposition Chorus, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Sun, June 18, 1935, 1:6-7, 10:1. Herbert Hoover greeted in Exposition ceremonies.

San Diego Union, June 18, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Herbert Hoover Day, San Diego County Federation Day, Army and Navy Day.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton. June 18, 1935. Colorado River aqueduct exhibit in Palace of Water; Women’s Executive Committee entertains Mrs. Hoover and Mrs. Wilbur at luncheon in House of Hospitality. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Union, June 18, 1935, 1:6. Camp Fire Girls cabin to be built in Balboa Park at Pershing Drive and Upas Street; labor will be supplied by SERA; material will be obtained by donations; plans drawn by Frank Hope, Jr.

San Diego Union, June 18, 1935, 10:4. Globe Players speed up Shakespeare’s "The Comedy of Errors".

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 19, 1935. Charles Ludwig, chief of police at Midget Village, 40 years, 41 lbs.; Joseph de Luca, bandmaster of 40-piece Exposition Band. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Sun, June 19, 1935, 1:2-3, 2:7. Exposition visitors "target" for airplane attacks today.

San Diego Sun, June 19, 1935, 2:8. Parking row to be solved by ordinance.

San Diego Union, June 19, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Veterinarians’ Day, "An Attack on Exposition City".

San Diego Union, June 19, 1935, 1:5, 3:2. 80 Army planes will stage two "attacks" on city.

San Diego Union, June 19, 1935, 1:6, 2:4. San Diego standards set up mark for nation, Herbert Hoover opines at luncheon at U. S. Grant Hotel; leading citizens pay tribute to guest.

San Diego Union, June 19, 1935, 2:5-6. Herbert Hoover pays surprise visit to 10 palaces at Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 19, 1935, II, 1:3. Exposition announces band concerts under Joseph O. De Luca.

San Diego Union, June 19,1935, II, 1:3. Exposition musicians devote talents to popular airs, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Herald, June 20, 1935, 1:1-2. Concessionaires unite against alien control of Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 20, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - National Women’s Christian Temperance Union Day, Building and Loan Association Day, California Spiritualists Association Day, Orange County Day.

San Diego Union, June 20, 1935, 1:3, 3:4. Exposition "bombarded"; fliers to arrive at "ruins" today; two attacks made at high altitudes during maneuvers; busy schedule is planned.

San Diego Union, June 20, 1935, 3:2. Los Angeles Philharmonic will being Exposition series tomorrow at Ford Bowl.

San Diego Union, June 20, 1935, 5:2. Aztec Symphony wins acclaim in concert at Exposition, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, June 20, 1935, 5:5-6. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Sun, June 21, 1935, 1:2-3, 9:2-3. Agua Caliente birthday celebrated at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, June 21, 1935, 22:2-3. Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra starts daily concerts here.

San Diego Union, June 21, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Agua Caliente Day, Photo Engravers’ Day.

San Diego Union, June 21, 1935, 2:3. Weekend crowd may swell Exposition total to 750,000.

San Diego Union, June 21, 1935, 11:1. Orange County band, chorus win acclaim at Exposition, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, June 21, 1935, 12:1. Los Angeles orchestra to open second week concert session, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, June 21, 1935, 12:3. Free cantaloupes feature of Exposition Imperial Valley program next Sunday.

San Diego Union, June 21, 1935, 12:4-5. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 21, 1935, 14:1. Tourist influx into California up; Exposition factor.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 22, 1935. "Modernization Magic" installed by FHA behind Palace of Better Housing; old-fashioned city succeeded by a modern city.

San Diego Sun, June 22, 1935, 1:8, 2:2. Police Chief Sears orders lid clamped on Exposition gambling.

San Diego Sun, June 22, 1935, 13:3-5. "Spirits of Asia and of America," two murals painted for Ford exhibit at Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 22, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Bell Telephone Employee’s Day, 20-30 Club Day, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Day, County Treasurers of California Day.

San Diego Union, June 22, 1935, 2:2. Ford Bowl debut of Los Angeles Philharmonic is well received, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, June 22, 1935, 2:5. A $1 million U.S. Treasury bill will be on item in an exhibit of $2,194,796 in currency, stamps and bonds to be displayed in the Federal Building at the Exposition tomorrow.

San Diego Union, June 22, 1935, 3:6-7. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 22, 1935, 5:1. Crowd applauded burros who joined in program of Agua Caliente entertainers at Organ Amphitheater yesterday.

San Diego Union, June 23, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Lion’s Club Day, Imperial Valley Day, San Gabriel Day, Banning-Beaumont Day, Music Makers Day.

San Diego Union, June 23, 1935, 1:1, 2:2-3. Fourfold triumph of Exposition stressed by J. David Larsen, executive manager; all hopes surpassed by result, by Ben Lemmon.

San Diego Union, June 23, 1935, 6:4. Metropolitan Water District officials attend dedication ceremonies in the Palace of Water today.

San Diego Union, June 23, 1935, 7:1. Imperial Valley host to invade Exposition today.

San Diego Union, June 23, 1935, 8:1. Telephone group celebrates day on Exposition grounds.

San Diego Union, June 23, 1935, 8:4. Choral societies of three cities perform at Exposition, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, June 23, 1935, II, 1:8, 2:2-3. Pacific Coast Convention of Western Advertising World to open today at Exposition program.

San Diego Union, June 23, 1935, II, 6:1. U.S. Army contingent has Model Camp on view at Exposition.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 24, 1935. Federation of Women’s Clubs honored with a tea in House of Hospitality at 3 p.m.

June 24, 1935. Time Magazine. Letters:

Sirs: What a nasty and disagreeable article your correspondent wrote about the fair in San Diego [Time, June 10]. Well aware are we all that every exposition must contend with midways and sideshows. But that your representative should overlook the glorious beauty of the fairgrounds, which alone would warrant a visit from millions of visitors, is hard to forgive. Many subscriptions will you lose on the West Coast from this article, but not mine. . . .

San Diego, Calif. Orrel P. Reed

Sirs: Important people from the world over have seen San Diego’s Exposition and have said it is the most lovely, most beautiful one that has ever been. SHAME ON TIME! . . . My feelings are very much hurt. From now on until our subscription runs out, I shall put Time in the wastebasket as soon as it comes, and I will tear it, too, so the janitor won’t get any pleasure from it. . . .

San Diego, Calif. Mrs. Grace Trevey

Sirs: . . . You fail to report the buildings are beautiful, the architecture authentic, the setting unique and exotic. The trees, flowers and the climate are perfect. It may not be the largest exposition, but what there is of it is all there and with no false fronts. . . .

San Diego Calif. Frank A. Gazlay, Attorney at Law

San Diego Sun, June 24, 1935, 1:2. Sears’ men halt gambling in Gold Gulch; alert for more; tables idled in five games operated at "Days of ‘49" feature.

San Diego Union, June 24, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Federation of Women’s Clubs Day.

San Diego Union, June 24, 1935, 1:7-8. 12,000 valley boosters throng Exposition, present lively program.

San Diego Union, June 24, 1935, 3:6-7. Exposition Excerpts.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 25, 1935. Naval Training Station to hold retreat services each Monday at 5 p.m. in Plaza de Pacifico; Marines will hold similar services every Wednesday night; 30^th U.S. Infantry will be in charge of flag-lowering ceremonies on other evenings. San Diego Historical Society Research Library.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 25 1935. Robots added to General Electric and Westinghouse exhibits; "Just imitations," Alpha sneered as long green sparks snapped from his eyes.

San Diego Union, June 25, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Federation of Women’s Clubs Day, San Diego Electric Railway Co. Day.

San Diego Union, June 25, 1935, 3:3. Exposition Infantry Camp is named after Lieutenant George Horatio Derby (1823-1861).

San Diego Union, June 25-1935, 5:1. Globe theater exceeds record made in Chicago.

San Diego Union, June 25-1935, 5:4. U. S. cash exhibit in Federal Building valued at $2,194,796.

San Diego Union, June 25-1935, II, 1:3. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, wife planning summer trip to San Diego Fair.

San Diego Union, June 26-1935, 1:1-2. Program - Christian Endeavor Day, Daughters of Saint George Day.

San Diego Herald, June 27, 1935, 1:1-4. Exposition comedy gets hilarious; between alien Exposition authority and pro-Casey City Hall, John Citizen sees Mexican allegiance as only hope.

San Diego Union, June 27-1935, 1:1-2. Program - Ad Clubs Day, California Pharmaceutical Association Day, San Fernando Valley Day.

San Diego Union, June 27, 1935, 10:3-4. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 28, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - National Troopers Day, Aetna Life Insurance Co. Day, San Diego High School Alumni Day.

San Diego Union, June 28, 1935, 6:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, June 29, 1935. Rabbi Edgar Magnin of the Wilshire Boulevard Temple, Los Angeles, spoke at vespers service at Organ Amphitheater.

San Diego Union, June 29, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Sciots’ Day, Federation of Natural Sciences Day, Neighbors of Woodcraft Day, Pot and Kettle Clubs of America Day, California Association of Collection Agencies Day.

San Diego Union, June 29, 1935, 5:1-2. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 30, 1935, 1:3-6. Program - Sciot’s Day, De Molay Day; Federation of Natural Sciences Day, Pot and Kettle Clubs of America Day, California Association of Collection Agencies Day.

San Diego Union, June 30, 1935, 1:4-5. Ceremony dedicates Camp George H. Derby at Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 30, 1935, 3:2-5. Name of Derby is approved for Army’s camp at Exposition grounds as tribute to officer, writer, humorist.

San Diego Union, June 30, 1935, 6:1. California Association of Collection Agencies men end parley here; plan Exposition party.

San Diego Union, June 30, 1935, 6:4. Los Angeles orchestra wins praise for "Scherazade suite" in Ford Bowl concert, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, June 30, 1935, 10:4. Champion orange flare blooming in Palisades square garden.

San Diego Union, June 30, 1935, II, 2:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, June 30, 1935, II, 2:4. Honors to await millionth one to enter Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 30, 1935, II, 2:8. Exposition sideshows warned against vulgar display.

July 1935, American Architect: "San Diego after Twenty Years . . . a study in contrasts

The picture on the facing page [aerial view of Plaza de America and Palisades] is more than an excellent air view of the San Diego Exposition. It is a pointed commentary upon the changes that have come upon architecture during the last two decades. Also it suggests, though indirectly, perhaps, some of the causes for these changes. This is food for professional thought, entirely aside from any consideration of esthetics involved.

In the background of the picture are some permanent reminders of a former exposition held in San Diego in 1915. Among them is the Panama-California Building, which, with its bridge approach, was designed by Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson, architects. Dominating the foreground and conceived by the industrial designer, Walter Dorwin Teague, is the structure that houses the Ford exhibit of mass production marvels.

Both buildings were erected primarily for exhibition purposes. But the former has been made into a permanent show place, preserved finally for its picturesque and romantic beauty. The Ford Building will, probably, be removed at the close of the present Exposition.

To many this may be significant from an esthetic point of view, for the contrast between the design of the two buildings is glaring. But the contrast itself is important also. For practical exhibition purposes, the Ford structure is, probably, vastly more efficient. It appears to have been developed from a well-defined plan for the exhibition which it houses. It contains no windows, thereby providing the maximum amount of wall space. The shape is conducive to almost perfect circulation within the building. Its equipment includes all the mechanical innovations which make possible the execution of such an unorthodox design.

Herein lies the really significant point in this study of contrasts. During the last twenty years, science and industry have wrought miracles which soon will become commonplace. As adoption of the telephone and radio changed our habits of communication so can utilization of present-day equipment and materials change our habits of building. And as better methods of transportation altered the pattern of our social structure, so also can the widest application of building elements now at hand change the aspect of the buildings we conceive.

No brief is held here for the "modern" design of the Ford Building as opposed to the "traditional" characteristics of Goodhue’s older structure. Many will stamp the former as hard and too mechanical. Perhaps the same criticism could be leveled at any structure which utilized to the fullest extent all the modern possibilities of structure and equipment. It is a difficult thing to know. It is still to rare an occurrence when such a building is produced.

San Diego Union, July 1, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Canadians’ Day, Canadian Legionnaire’s’ Day, American Association of University Women Day.

San Diego Union, July 1, 1935, 3:3-4. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 1, 1935, II, 1:2. Exposition attendance succeeds as five programs staged Sunday.

San Diego Union, July 1, 1935, II, 8:1-2. Musical program at Exposition marked by wide variety, by Wallace Moody.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, July 2, 1935. Official prize medal for "millionth" visitor: California Tower and gate on front. San Diego Historical Society Research Library.

San Diego Sun, July 2, 1935, 7:1. ‘Drunkard" gives Exposition’s crowds big laugh; musical hall in Gold Gulch features old comedy.

San Diego Union, July 2, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Mazdaznan’s Day.

San Diego Union, July 2, 1935, 1:4, 3:8. Canadian Legion has celebration of Dominion Day: Highlight of the day-long celebration was a long parade of marching veterans, which ended in a veteran’s assembly at the organ amphitheater.

San Diego Union, July 2, 1935, 8:2-4. All writings of Mary Baker Eddy seen in Christian Science Building at Exposition; churches of southwest finance investment of $20,000.

San Diego Union, July 2, 1935, 8:1-2. AAU (Amateur Athletic Union?) convention visitors entertained on Exposition day.

San Diego Union, July 2, 1935, II, 1:3-4. Exposition gates to be guarded closely as time of millionth visitor nears.

San Diego Union, July 2, 1935, II, 3:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 2, 1935, II, 3:4. Hard of Hearing Day set at Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 2, 1935, II, 12:4. National Negro Day to be held at Exposition August 24.

San Diego Sun, July 3, 1935, 7:2-4. President Belcher outlines story of Exposition before Board.

San Diego Union, July 3, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - B’nai B’rith Day.

San Diego Union, July 3, 1935, 1:3. Fireworks taboo on Exposition grounds

San Diego Union, July 3, 1935, 1:4, 2:6. Exposition officials reelected at annual meeting; Belcher delivers optimistic report on first year; committeemen selected.

San Diego Union, July 3, 1935, 5:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 3, 1935, 8:1-2. Ford officials to give dinner in honor of Exposition officials in salon of Ford Building.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, July 4, 1935. Replica of Dicken’s "Old Curiosity Shop" opens next to Old Globe Theater; sells old prints, old English silver, brass and curios; Edward C. Jeffers, millionth visitor, and wife given luncheon at Casa del Rey Moro Café; dinner in evening at Café of the World; "Jigglers", mechanical oscillators on which visitors may rest there feet in Palace of Electricity and Varied Industries; frieze on Mormon Building symbolizes hardships endured by Mormon pioneers in wintertime when they established their church in the state of Utah. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Sun, July 4, 1935, 1:2. Edward C. Jeffers of Chicago was the millionth visitor.

San Diego Sun, July 4, 1935, 1:4, 2:5. Biggest 4^th opens in San Diego; Exposition crowded.

San Diego Union, July 4, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Independence Day, Grand Army of Republic Day, Affiliated Organizations’ Day.

San Diego Union, July 4, 1935, 1:5, 2:4. Exposition cities linked as Edward C. Jeffers of Chicago became millionth visitor yesterday.

San Diego Union, July 4, 1935, 3:4. Los Angeles Symphony nearing close of Ford Bowl series, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, July 4, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: Julius Wangenheim . . . should feel pride at his reelection by the Exposition directors to the difficult job of chairman of the finance committee.

San Diego Union, July 4, 1935, II, 1:3-4. Exposition aids Mayor Benbough in issuing tickets to old persons unable to pay fee.

San Diego Union, July 4, 1935, II, 8:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 4, 1935, II, 8:4. Art Guild sponsor of outdoor marts at Court of Honor at Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 4, 1935, II, 8:2-4. Ford Building as viewed from the sky.

San Diego Union, July 4, 1935, II, 8:5. Seven central coast counties present display in California State Building.

San Diego Sun, July 5, 1935, 1:3. Naval Hospital asks city land; lease sought to provide recreation site.

San Diego Sun, July 5, 1935, 1:3. Gold Gulch gambling raid nets one.

San Diego Union, July 5, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Arizona Day, Legislature Day, Santa Barbara Day.

San Diego Union, July 5, 1935, 1:4. 51,444 visitors enter gates of Exposition; big parade is feature of program; attendance nears record of opening day.

San Diego Union, July 5, 1935, 1:5-7. Days of ’49 march with Days of Crusades at Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 5, 1935, 3:4-5. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 5, 1935, 5:8. Heber J. Grant, president of Mormons, to visit Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 5, 1935, 7:2-3. Los Angeles Philharmonic ends Ford Bowl term; Portland Symphony to play today, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, July 5, 1935, II, 1:2. Police chief Sears hits back in Exposition gambling charge by City Attorney Byers; says he has had all possible men on the job and that there is no gambling at Exposition and elsewhere.

San Diego Union, July 5, 1935, II, 1:2. Dr. A. H. Gianninni, banker of San Francisco, amazed at Exposition beauty.

San Diego Union, July 5, 1935, II, 1:2-5. Canadian, American veterans join in San Diego parade.

San Diego Union, July 5, 1935, II, 8:1. Program today at Exposition Organ.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, July 6, 1935. Commemorative half-dollars to be issued in honor of Exposition; one side will show the central figure of the state’s official seal and the other side will show California woman with "San Diego" on one side and "1935" on the other. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Sun, July 6, 1935, 1:7-8. 2-millionth Ford car escorted into Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 6, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Danish Day, Toastmasters’ Club Day.

San Diego Union, July 6, 1935, 1:5-6, 2:3. Legislators attend meeting at Exposition; thanked for California State Building; 125 delegates at parley.

San Diego Union, July 6, 1935, 2:2. Portland group wins praise in opening series, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, July 6, 1935, 3:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 6, 1935, 3:1. Music today and tonight at Ford Bowl.

San Diego Union, July 6, 1935, 8:4. Teachers’ guild to offer music program in House of Hospitality tomorrow.

San Diego Union, July 6, 1935, II, 1:3. Captain F. E. Porter, hospital commandant, asks 50-year lease of park lands between the Naval Hospital and the street car tracks west of the hospital; area will be used for recreation for patients.

San Diego Union, July 7, 1935, 1:1-2. Program (Sunday) - San Diego Municipal Employees’ Association Day, American Society of Mechanical Engineers’ Day, American Society of Civil Engineer’s Day, Santa Barbara Day.

San Diego Union, July 7, 1935, 1:1-2. Santa Barbarans will hold big fete at Exposition today.

San Diego Union, July 7, 1935, 8:3. Young musicians give concert at Exposition, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, July 7, 1935, II, 2:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 7, 1935, II, 2:4. Model of Bay City built to scale is exhibited at Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 7, 1935, II, 2:5. Toastmasters’ oratory contests Exposition feature.

San Diego Union, July 7, 1935, Society-Club, 1:1-3. Art world to stage five July functions at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, July 8, 1935, 1:1-2, 2:1. Exposition in red, $676 a day in June; economy demanded.

San Diego Union, July 8, 1935, 1:1-2. Program.

San Diego Union, July 8, 1935, 5:1-2. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 8, 1935, 7:5. "Macbeth" wins plaudits from Globe audiences, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Sun, July 9, 1935, 1:2-3. Exposition expenses cut to $2,000 a day; "red ink" out.

San Diego Sun, July 9, 1935, 1:7. Lady Godiva won’t ride in Gold Gulch again.

San Diego Union, July 9, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - West Virginians’ Day.

San Diego Union, July 9, 1935, 1:7-8, 3:5. Wangenheim says Exposition shows profit now, urges economy.

San Diego Union, July 9, 1935, 6:2. Adolph Muehleisen, commissioner of California State Building, says state executives praise display.

San Diego Union, July 9, 1935, 6:6-7. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 9, 1935, 8:1. West Virginians will celebrate Exposition Day today.

San Diego Union, July 9, 1935, II, 10:1. Junior Symphony to present third program at Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 9, 1935, II, 10:3. A. C. Rogers, secretary of Federated Trades Labor Council, deplores Exposition work conditions.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, July 10, 1935. Optometry exhibit in Hall of Science.

San Diego Sun, July 10, 1935, 7:4. Falstaff’s Tavern opens tomorrow.

San Diego Sun, July 10, 1935, 12:1. EDITORIAL: Take Lady Godiva.

San Diego Union, July 10, 1935, 1:1-2. Program.

San Diego Union, July 10, 1935, 3:1. Orchestra rises to new heights in Ford Bowl concert; Willen von Hoogstraten, conducting, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, July 10, 1935, 3:2. Spectacles part of Optometry Exhibit in Hall of Science.

San Diego Union, July 10, 1935, 5:1. Councilman Bennett attacks parking at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, July 11, 1935, 3:3. Aimee McPherson and Queen Zorina to clasp hands if evangelist accepts nudist’s invitation.

San Diego Union, July 11, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - California School Employee’s Association Day.

San Diego Union, July 11, 1935, 6:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 11, 1935, 6:4. Parking contract rights conceded to Exposition manager.

San Diego Union, July 12, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Kansas Day.

San Diego Union, July 12, 1935, 1:7-8, 3:2-3. Hog Callers will compete at Exposition today; colorful parade, program to mark Kansas event; movie cameras will record fun.

San Diego Union, July 12, 1935, 1:3, 2:4. Heber J. Grant, Mormon leader, here for brief visit to Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 12, 1935, 5:4-5. Three-day Exposition art mart sponsored by San Diego Guild has record of 38 sales at initial showing in Court of Honor.

San Diego Union, July 12, 1935, 7:2-3. Classic compositions to find favor with audiences at Ford Bowl concerts, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, July 12, 1935, 13:1-2. Exposition Excerpts.

Scrapbook 20 - Ruth Norton, July 13, 1935. "Illuvision" show in Standard Oil Tower of the Sun; changes are imperceptible as one scene gives way to another.

San Diego Sun, July 13, 1935, 1:1. Harry Oliver, man who made Gold Gulch, quits; says it has been sacrificed to "money-making interests".

San Diego Sun, July 13, 1935, 5:1-2. Real wedding on horseback to take place in the areas of "The Days of Saladin" at Exposition tomorrow night.

San Diego Union, July 13, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Long Beach Day, Nevada Day, Federal Employee’s Association Day.

San Diego Union, July 13, 1935, 1:4-5. Two spectacular weddings at Exposition to be climax of colorful romances; Indian ceremony at Indian Village; horseback riding in arena of "The Days of Saladin."

San Diego Union, July 13, 1935, 2:1-4. Hog Callers sound keynote of Kansas Day program.

San Diego Union, July 13, 1935, 10:1-5. Rosecrans dons Exposition dress; open daily to visitors; history of fort given.

San Diego Union, July 14, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Pacific Coast Dental Conference Day, Southern California Laundry Owners and Employee’s Day, National County Employee’s Association Day.

San Diego Union, July 14, 1935, 2:5-6. Zoo buses prove popular feature.

San Diego Union, July 14, 1935, 2:7. Exposition awes congressmen of two committees.

San Diego Union, July 14, 1935, 4:4. Lotus is holding yearly festival under Cabrillo Bridge.

San Diego Union, July 14, 1935, 4:4. Music "ship" added in pool at Exposition Arch of the Future, 16 ft. long and 5 ft. wide; constructed under supervision of architect Richard Requa; visitors will be serenaded from the water by troubadours every day and night from now on.

San Diego Union, July 14, 1935, 9:1. Thousands come from Long Beach for day at Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 14, 1935, 15:1-2. Portland symphony scores again in concert at Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 14, 1935, 15:1. Winners of Southern California Festival of Allied Arts presented at Organ Amphitheater yesterday afternoon.

San Diego Union, July 14, 1935, II, 6:1-2. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 14, 1935, II, 12:1-4. Kenneth Messenger and Antonio Ruocco, San Diegans, win high praise for models of homes at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, July 15, 1935, 1:8, 2:3-6. Zack Farmer, J. David Larsen, three others quit at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, July 15, 1935, 5:5-6. Indian couple, "knight and slave girl" marry at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, July 15, 1935, 9:6. CCC camp construction at Exposition begun today.

San Diego Union, July 15, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - League of Women Voters Day, Women’s Relief Corps Day, For "H" Agricultural Club Day.

San Diego Union, July 15, 1935, 1:6. King Richard, slave girl say "Yes" while horses voice "neigh" as Midway couple led to halter – er altar.

San Diego Union, July 15, 1935, 3:1. Cherimoya draws attention at Exposition fruits display.

San Diego Union, July 15, 1935, 6:6-7. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 15, 1935, Sports, 8:4. Dr. Campbell conducts vespers service at Organ Amphitheater.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, July 16, 1935. Three glass tanks of tropical fish in Japanese bungalow in House of Pacific Relations, Miss. Misao Kawamura, hostess; motion picture showing activities of Transamerica Corporation at Palace of Travel and Transportation.

San Diego Sun, July 16, 1935, 1:5. Control body to rule Exposition is considered.

San Diego Sun, July 16, 1935, 12:2-3. EDITORIAL: A "New Deal" at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, July 16, 1935, 13:5. A second request for a conference on labor conditions at the Exposition was sent to Frank G. Belcher and G. A. Davidson today by A. C. Rogers, secretary of the San Diego Federated Trades and Labor Council.

San Diego Union, July 16, 1935, 1:8. Belcher takes over Exposition task; new boss as Zack Farmer quits post; quick action follows resignation of manager and his Los Angeles aids; no hitch in Exposition plans.

San Diego Union, July 16, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Catholic Daughters of America Day, Women’s Civic Center Day.

San Diego Union, July 16, 1935, II, 1:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 16, 1935, II, 5:2-3. Belle Baranceanu, mural artist, busy on Exposition fresco at the Palace of Fine Arts.

San Diego Union, July 16, 1935, II, 5:4. Bicycle squad to patrol at Exposition.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, July 17, 1935. Aimee said she would "be pleased to visit the Nudists’ camp to obtain material for sermons"; declined invitation to take tea.

San Diego Sun, July 17, 1935, 1:1-2, 2:5-6. Aime McPherson will lead two-mile parade to Exposition tomorrow.

San Diego Sun, July 17, 1935, 1:2, 2:2-3. Belcher, two others will control Exposition.

San Diego Sun, July 17, 1935, 2:8. Exposition parking dispute ends.

San Diego Sun, July 17, 1935, 3:2-3. Lady Godiva to ride again! (with police help).

San Diego Sun, July 17, 1935, 3:6. Billy West was "buried" in Gold Gulch last night; enclosed in a casket with speaking tube running up through the ground.

San Diego Sun, July 17, 1935, 13:2-4. Marston dedicates Franciscan Gardens in Presidio Park at City founding ceremony.

San Diego Union, July 17, 1935, 1:1-2. Program.

San Diego Union, July 17, 1935, 1:4-5, 2:4. Aimee McPherson to arrive at Exposition tomorrow with retinue to preach, see sights.

San Diego Union, July 17, 1935, 1:6. Belcher announces changes at Exposition as appointment okayed; names new heads of departments; outlines policy to eliminate overlapping and friction.

San Diego Union, July 17, 1935, 3:5. Marston dedicates Franciscan gardens at Presidio on City’s birthday.

San Diego Union, July 17, 1935, 5:3. Councilman Albert W. Bennett opposes Exposition oil station by Walter Casey, who also has a parking concession.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, July 18, 1935. Between afternoon and evening programs, Mrs. McPherson scheduled to call on Queen Zorine at Nudist Colony. San Diego History Center Research Library.

July 18, 1935, Letter, Robert E. Callahan, To the Board of Directors of the California Pacific International Exposition, San Diego, Calif.

END OF THE TRAIL, INCORPORATED, INDIAN VILLAGE, $250,000 Setting.

Gentlemen:

I came to San Diego intent upon producing authentic Indian shows, designed to educate as well as to entertain --- to create and maintain programs which would leave pleasant thoughts in the mind . . . But when more interest is manifested in trying to place side-shows, bull fights, white men with feathers, monkey acts and goats at the entrance to this beautiful village; when Boy Scouts are ignored and their parents charged admission to enter their own village the night of their monthly Court of Honor; when all these things are made a part of the village activity for the sake of a few extra dollars, I can no longer give sincere attention to the enterprise --- and have on this day transferred my interest to other endeavor.

I am surprised that our sponsors have no consideration of what the public thinks after they have paid 25 cents to enter these grounds. Announcers have been allowed to exaggerate beyond all reason even insist that people come to see Sitting Bull in person, the Sioux Indian who was killed over sixty years ago. Every child knows that! People come here to see how Indians lived in the early days, but authentic ceremonials cannot be given with the present setup --- and I do not care to be a part of such shows.

To me, this setting --- costing over $200,000 --- with its fascinating pueblos, ladders, strings of peppers, feathered flags, Sun Temple, and other atmosphere, is impressive --- and I have assembled some of the most colorful Indian artists in America. But when Beer Garden publicity is allowed inside these grounds, and other selfish moves to numerous to mention, I can only say --- may the Exposition continue and may the powers that be rise at dawn with new thoughts to keep the Boy Scouts' Indian Village free from anything which might leave a dark spot on the map of San Diego's Exposition ---- tomorrow I go forth with pity for those whose God is gold, and who are ruining the most beautiful Exposition the West has ever seen, if such tactics are continued.

Cordially and sincerely. Robert E. Callahan (signed)

San Diego Herald, July 18, 1935, 1:4, 5:1. A new Exposition.

San Diego Sun, July 18, 1935, 1:6-7. Aimee McPherson spurns nudists on visit to Exposition today.

San Diego Union, July 18, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Aimee Semple McPherson Day, San Diego Women’s Club Day, Bungalow Literary Hostess Society Day.

Sam Diego Union, July 18, 1935, Ford exhibit lures plastic experts as soybean products displayed, by Ben Lemmon.

San Diego Union, July 18, 1935, 12:1. Harry Oliver, builder of Gold Gulch, has plan to boost Tijuana.

San Diego Union, July 18, 1935, II, 1:3. Exposition will admit children at five cents on Mondays.

San Diego Union, July 18, 1935, II, 1:5. Portland group ends symphony series tonight.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, July 19, 1935. Two millionth Ford car on display in patio of Ford Building; model of a wharf showing mile long Rouge River force fleet of ships, barges and tugs.

San Diego Sun, July 19, 1935, 3:4. Aimee McPherson pleads for "old time religion" spirit.

San Diego Sun, July 19, 1935, II, 11:2. Mormon Tabernacle Choir arrives today, 335 members.

San Diego Union, July 19, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Braille Club Day, United Daughters of Confederacy Day.

San Diego Union, July 19, 1935, 1:7, 2:4. Aimee McPherson draws huge crowds to programs at Exposition; evangelist speaks twice in afternoon, once at night; fails to see nudist camp.

San Diego Union, July 19, 1935, 5:5-6. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 19, 1935, 11:1. Gardens at Exposition require constant effort, expense.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, July 20, 1935. Tea in House of Hospitality between 5 and 5:30 p.m. for national and state representatives of Junior Chamber of Commerce. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Sun, July 20, 1935, 1:2, 2:7. Hal G. Hotchkiss and Douglas Young Exposition chiefs.

San Diego Sun, July 20, 1935, 2:2. Thousands see TVA exhibit at Exposition; model and lectures explain gigantic U.S. conservation project.

San Diego Union, July 20, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Swedish Day, Standard Oil Company Employee’s Day, National League of District Postmasters’ Day, Harvard Alumni Day, American Bar Association Day, Southeast Chamber of Commerce Day, San Joaquin Valley Day.

San Diego Union, July 20, 1935, 1:3, 2:5. Seven big "days" combine to bring throng to Exposition; Standard Oil, Mormon group arrange special trains to bring 14,000 visitors.

San Diego Union, July 20, 1935, 1:5-6, 2:5. General Plutarco Calles arrives in San Diego for two-week visit.

San Diego Union, July 20, 1935, 5:4. Blind "see" Exposition on Braille Club Day.

San Diego Union, July 20, 1935, 5:6-7. Many in audience moved to song at Mormon choir’s opening program, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, July 20, 1935, 6:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 20, 1935, II, 2:1. World activity of Adventists is show in exhibit in the Palace of Better Housing.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, July 21, 1935. American Red Cross exhibit in Palace of Electricity and Varied Industries.

San Diego Union, July 21, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Radio Fiesta Day, Swedish Day.

San Diego Union, July 21, 1935, 1:4, 2:3. Seven special "days" bring vast crowds to see Exposition; Standard Oilers, Swedes, Bar Group, Postmasters, Harvard Men, Radio Amateurs, San Joaquin Folk mingle.

San Diego Union, July 21, 1935, 1:6, 2:8. Philip L. Gildred named managing director of Exposition; Hal G. Hotchkiss, Douglas Young made associates; duties assumed at once.

San Diego Union, July 21, 1935, 3:1. Three arrested at Exposition games.

San Diego Union, July 21, 1935, 3:2-3. State Society activities.

San Diego Union, July 21, 1935, 8:1. Red Cross shows varied activities in Palace of Electricity exhibit.

San Diego Union, July 21, 1935, 10:2-3. Music reigns supreme at Exposition as varied organizations provide program at Organ Amphitheater, Ford Bowl.

San Diego Union, July 21, 1935, 10:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 21, 1935, II, 1:2, 2:3. San Diego’s own to offer gala music event today; Schumann-Heink honored; Mendelssohn’s "Elijah" to feature program at Exposition; 700 will participate, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, July 21, 1935, II, 1:7-8. Uncle Sam’s activities graphically depicted in Federal Building display.

San Diego Sun, July 22, 1935, 1:1-2, 2:5-6. 10,000 children drawn to "Nickel Day" at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, July 22, 1935, 3:2. Philip L. Gildred new Exposition director.

San Diego Union, July 22, 1935, 1:1-2. U.S. Marines Day, National Automotive Day.

San Diego Union, July 22, 1935, 1:2, 2:5. Sunday record of 50,208 at Exposition; Radio and Swedish Days lift attendance to 1,567,539; Schumann-Heink honored; five cents child fee starts today.

San Diego Union, July 22, 1935, 2:4. Audiences pack Organ Amphitheater for music program, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, July 22, 1935, 1:2. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Sun, July 23, 1935, 1:7. Six concessions padlocked; four closed as "old army game" in Gold Gulch.

San Diego Sun, July 23, 1935, 8:2-5. Elizabeth Sowersby cleverly interprets conduct of Queen’s court at Globe Theater.

San Diego Union, July 23, 1935, 1:1-2. Program.

San Diego Union, July 23, 1935, 1:6, 3:5. Children storm Exposition as nickel passport to joy, by Ben Lemmon.

San Diego Union, July 23, 1935, 2:7-8. Globe players are honored at art gallery reception, by Eileen Jackson.

San Diego Union, July 23, 1935, 3:4. Oratorio singing shows abundance of talent here, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, July 23, 1935, 5:3-4. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 23, 1935, 5:5. Philip Klein, expert, praises display of gems at Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 23, 1935, 5:6. Orchestra group to leave Seattle for Exposition today.

San Diego Union, July 23, 1935, II, 2:3-4. Fifteen junior bands in county join to form Exposition music group.

San Diego Union, July 23, 1935, II, 2:6. Mormon Tabernacle Choir scores hit with selections from oratorios at Ford Bowl Saturday and Sunday, by Wallace Moody.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, July 24, 1935. "Jerusalem" exhibit in Palace of Better Housing: "The Last Supper," 26 by 26 inches, made of 3,000 pieces of mother-of-pearl; 205 water colors of Holy Land; etchings, photographs, maps and visualizations of New Testament incidents; Los Angeles aqueduct system in Palace of Water. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Union, July 24, 1935, Program - Utah Day, Spiritual Scientists’ Day.

San Diego Union, July 24, 1935, 5:6. People at the next election will be asked to grant park lands to the San Diego High School and the U.S. Navy.

San Diego Union, July 24, 1935, 12:1-2. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Herald, July 25, 1935, 1:1-4. Exposition still nears cleansing; good work done by new direction of San Diego’s lovely Fair will be bettered by further deportation of aliens.

San Diego Union, July 25, 1935, 1:1-2. San Diego County Elementary Schools Day, Organist Guild Day.

San Diego Union, July 25, 1935, 1:5, 3:5. Mormons gather at Exposition; pioneer day fete; bishop tells of great westward hegira, Tabernacle Choir heard.

San Diego Union, July 25, 1935, 5:4-5. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 25, 1935, II, 7:1. Gold Gulch program lists free show.

San Diego Sun, July 26, 1935, 1:6-7. Hotels, Chamber of Commerce, Oil Companies unite to tell world San Diego has ample rooms at reasonable rates.

San Diego Union, July 26, 1935, 1:4-5. Program - Utah National Guard Day, Real Estate Dealers’ Day.

San Diego Union, July 26, 1935, II, 1:3-4. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Sun, July 27, 1935, 8:1. "Crime" exhibit at Exposition seen by 65,000.

San Diego Sun, July 27, 1935, 8:8. Fifty nature men and women in nudist groups.

San Diego Sun, July 27, 1935, 11:5-6. Visitors thrill to "Saladin" horsemanship.

San Diego Union, July 27, 1935, 1:2-5. Program - Spanish War Veterans Day, California Association of the Deaf Day, Delta Zeta Sorority Day, Beverly Hills Day, California Embalmers’ Association Day.

San Diego Union, July 27, 1935, 1:5, 2:4. Governor Frank F. Merriam pays third visit to Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 27, 1935, 5:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 28, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Spanish War Veterans Day, Exchange Clubs’ Day; Gamma Eta Kappa Day, Business and Professional Women’s Day, Ohio State Day, Pacific Coast Association of Magicians’ Day, German Day.

San Diego Union, July 28, 1935, 1:2-5, 6:6. Belcher sees greater Exposition goal as new management takes hold.

San Diego Union, July 28, 1935, 6:3-4. 125-ft. steel tower at the Midway ready for parachute jumping.

San Diego Union, July 28, 1935, II, 2:4-5. Exposition Excerpts.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, July 29, 1935. First coin to commemorate California-Pacific International Exposition to be struck at San Francisco mint this week. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Sun, July 29, 1935, 1:2-4. Stunt man dies in Gold Gulch leap, wife and long-separated brother broken by tragedy.

San Diego Sun, July 29, 1935, 1:2, 2:5. Exposition contests lure children.

San Diego Sun, June 29, 1935, 1:3, 2:4. Tourist figures rocket because of Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 29, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Children’s Day, U.S. Army Day.

San Diego Union, July 29, 1935, II, 1:2. German program highlight of varied Exposition events; bands, parades.

San Diego Union, July 29, 1935, II, 1:3. Dr. Richard Hollington, professor in the Garrett Biblical Institute of Northwestern University, will lecture tomorrow on American architecture at the House of Hospitality, under auspices of the Fine Arts Society.

San Diego Union, July 29, 1935, II, 1:3-4. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 29, 1935, II, 1:5. Yugoslavs, Irish fraternized at House of Pacific Relations event yesterday afternoon.

San Diego Union, July 30, 1935, 1:1-2. Program.

San Diego Union, July 30, 1935, 6:3-4. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, July 30, 1935, II, 1:2-4. 15,000 children do Exposition on second "Nickel Day"; skates, scooters facilitate sightseeing.

San Diego Union, July 31, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Michigan Day.

San Diego Union, July 31, 1935, 1:5, 2:3. U.S. Army Camp, pride of Exposition, in daily action, by William G. Cayce.

San Diego Union, July 31, 1935, 1:7. 2:7. Exposition sends Henry Ford congratulations on his 72^nd birthday.

San Diego Union, July 31, 1935, 5:1. Japanese plan two full days of celebration, August 17 and 18, at Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 31, 1935, 5:2. State Societies provide useful adjunct to Exposition.

San Diego Union, July 31, 1935, 5:4-5. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, August 1, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Colorado Day, Composers’ Day.

San Diego Union, August 2, 1935, 1:4-5. Program.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, August 3 and August 19, 1935. Miniature palace of 35 tiny rooms in Spanish Village; collection of Mrs. Elizabeth W. Larke.

San Diego Union, August 3, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Chiropractors’ Day, Los Angeles Fall Market Day, Public Workers’ Day, Peace Officers’ Day, Power Engineers’ Day.

San Diego Union, August 3, 1935, 5:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, August 3, 1935, 5:8. Exposition finance committee lauds activities of Frank Drugan.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, August 4, 1935. Night-blooming cereus on display on Plaza del Pacifico. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Union, August 4, 1935, 1:7-8. Program - Antlers’ Day, Alhambra Day, Beauty Operators’ Day, Championship Regatta Day.

San Diego Union, August 4, 1935, 1:2, 2:1. Hearty support for Exposition won by Belcher during trip to Los Angeles, San Francisco.

San Diego Union, August 4, 1935, II, 1:2. Van of CCC Exposition group assigned to new duties.

San Diego Union, August 4, 1935, II, 4:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, August 4, 1935, 5:1. Ford will use parts made at Ford Building.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, August 5, 1935. George Liable, and his wife, Annie Nelson, 71, Exposition midgets married 40 years.

San Diego Union, August 5, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Championship Regatta Day, Rainbow Division Day, California Teachers’ Association Day.

San Diego Union, August 5, 1935, 1:7, 2:2. Bags of money ready for boy, girl at Exposition; luckiest kid to get cash prizes for Nickel Day contest; roller-skaters will be made welcome.

San Diego Union, August 5, 1935, 5:5-6. Exposition Excerpts.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, August 6, 1935. Reception in honor of yacht regatta in House of Hospitality. San Diego History Center Research Library.

San Diego Sun, August 6, 1935, 5:1-2. Boulder Dam exhibits win public favor.

San Diego Union, August 6, 1935, 1:1-3. Los Angeles girl crowned two millionth at Exposition; Miss Goodwin accorded honor for lucky entrance; entertained at dinner by Belcher.

San Diego Union, August 6, 1935, 1:4-5. Program - Maryland-Delaware Day, CCC Day.

San Diego Union, August 6, 1935, 1:5, 2:5. Jack Dempsey is idol of child throng on visit to Exposition.

San Diego Union, August 6, 1935, 5:2-3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, August 7, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - National Methodist Youth Day, Junior Birdmen of America Day.

San Diego Union, August 7, 1935, 1:4, 2:2. Champ barker acclaimed at Exposition contest; spielers of Midget Village take first, third honors; second won by Old Globe man; thousands present.

San Diego Herald, August 8, 1935. Exposition success is now certain; new deal at Fair grounds gives unexpected results as admissions increase and concessionaires grow pleased.

San Diego Union, August 8, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - New England States Day.

San Diego Union, August 8, 1935, 2:2. Exposition band is praised for concert playing.

San Diego Union, August 8, 1935, 3:6-7. Exposition Excerpts.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, August 9, 1935. Slow motion pictures of Stanford-Alabama football game shown free at Eastman theater in Palace of Photography.

San Diego Union, August 9, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Western Regional Conference of Civil Service Day

San Diego Union, August 9, 1935, 5:3-4. Exposition Excerpts.

New York Times, August 10, 1935, 4:4. Facilities of the California-Pacific International Exposition were offered today to the Boy Scouts of America for their 1935 national camboree.

San Diego Union, August 10, 1935, 1:4-5. Program - Beech Nut Day, Inglewood Day, Missouri Day, Job’s Daughters’ Day, Kiwanis’ Club Day, Food Brokers and Manufacturers’ Day.

San Diego Union, August 10, 1935, 1:7-8, 2:3. Busy weekend starts with six special Exposition events.

San Diego Union, August 11, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Beech Nut Day, York Rite Day, Food Industries Day.

San Diego Union, August 11, 1935, 7:1. National Park chiefs inspect Exposition CCC Camp.

San Diego Union, August 11, 1935, 9:6-7. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, August 12, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Children’s Day, American-Japan Student Conference Day.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, August 13, 1935. Salvation Army exhibit in Palace of Better Housing: models and colored slides illustrating how the Army "salvaged humanity" through "salvaged material". San Diego Historical Society Research Library.

San Diego Union, August 13, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - National Society Daughters of 1812 Day.

San Diego Sun, August 14, 1935, 3:3-4. Aimee McPherson says she draws bigger crowd than nudist camp.

San Diego Sun, August 14, 1935, 3:2. Girl leaps in Exposition’s chute.

San Diego Union, August 14, 1935, 1:1-2. Program.

San Diego Union, August 14, 1935, 1:3-4. Representative Philip Goodwin feted by G. A. Davidson on visit to Exposition.

San Diego Herald, August 15, 1935, 1:2. Casey finds new way to get two-bit pieces at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, August 15, 1935, 1:5, 2:2. Exposition presents new features; Fanchon and Marco offer free shows daily.

San Diego Union, August 15, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Dixie Day.

San Diego Union, August 15, 1935, 1:4. Four charged with theft of flags from Exposition poles.

San Diego Union, August 15, 1935, 5:1-2. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, August 15, 1935, 5:3. Free shows start tonight at Organ Amphitheater.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, August 16, 1935. Hudson-Metzger octet appearing at Café of the World featuring Cuban rumba, Mexican hat dance and Mexican peasant dance.

New York Times, August 16, 1935, 17:1. A brown derby autographed by Alfred E. Smith is en route here to be given to someone at the New York celebration of the California-Pacific International Exposition on August 20.

San Diego Union, August 16, 1935, 1:1-2. Program.

San Diego Union, August 16, 1935, 1:3, 2:2. Huge crowd packs Organ Amphitheater as free variety show scores immense hit; Fanchon-Marco spare no expense as talent’s creams brought to opening performance; daily schedule.

San Diego Union, August 16, 1935, 1:4, 2:3. Dixie Day brings throngs from many states.

San Diego Union, August 16, 1935, 1:6. Scores of souvenirs to be given away at Exposition today.

San Diego Union, August 17, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Los Angeles City and County Day, Los Angeles City Department of Water Day, Power Day, Montana Day, Pythian Day, Arden Dairy Farms Day, Pacific Mutual Day, Japanese Day.

San Diego Union, August 17, 1935, 1:3. Crowds pay silent tribute to Will Rogers.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton. 10,500 Exposition coins distributed free to visitors by Ford Motor Company; thousands of sticks of Beech-nut gum given away in Palace of Food and Beverages.

San Diego Union, August 18, 1935, 1:7-8. Program - Japan Day, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority Day, National Association of Postal Supervisors’ Day, American Motorcycle Day.

San Diego Union, August 18, 1935, 1:4, 5:1. Governor Frank Merriam host with San Diego to Los Angeles crowds at Exposition; parade, luncheon, Organ Amphitheater program.

San Diego Union, August 18, 1935, 3:1. Buddhist rites at Exposition attracted large audience to Organ Amphitheater last evening.

San Diego Union, August 18, 1935, II, 8:2-3. U.S. Navy holds retreat ceremony at Exposition every Monday.

San Diego Union, August 19, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Royal Neighbors of America Day, National League of American Pen Women Day.

San Diego Union, August 19, 1935, 1:7, 2:6. Edsel Ford, wife, visit Exposition incognito.

San Diego Union, August 19, 1935, 5:1. Japanese honor Washington, Lincoln in Exposition ceremony; sports-dancing feature all-day program.

San Diego Union, August 19, 1935, 5:2-3. Three more days of Fanchon-Marco shows remain for Exposition visitors.

San Diego Union, August 20, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - New York Day, Ellen Beech Yaw Day.

San Diego Union, August 20, 1935, 1:5, 2:3. Edsel Ford says prosperity near, by Ben Lemmon.

Scrapbook No. 20 - Ruth Norton, August 21, 1934, Sound film at Palace of Water showing story of water in Southern California.

San Diego Union, August 21, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Texas Day, Music Teachers’ Association Day.

San Diego Union, August 21, 1935, 5:2-3. Council hears plans to use Palisades buildings for San Diego Civic Center; proposal by Martin Healy, head of Liberal Businessmen’s League; Frank L. Hope, architect, submitted drawings; plenty of space for parking automobiles.

San Diego Union, August 21, 1935, 6:1. San Francisco Symphony will play closing concert at Ford Bowl tomorrow, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Herald, August 22, 1935, 1:1-4. Civic Center site in park outlined in beautiful picture.

San Diego Herald, August 22, 1935, 1:2-3. Exposition Townsend Day, by Ray Sauer.

San Diego Sun, August 22, 1935, 4:6-7. 555 performances without break is record of Old Globe players.

San Diego Union, August 22, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Wisconsin Day, Occidental Life Insurance Day.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - League of Hard of Hearing Day.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 1:5, 5:1. Local symphony will play again at Ford Bowl concerts; second series of programs to begin August 31, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 1:2. Fleet steams home in 15-mile parade; 400 planes will soar over ships; gigantic review to honor children; Admiral Reeves’ flagship will lead vessels past Ballast Point at 2:00 p.m.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 3:3-4. Ten thousand Exposition visitors stand at attention for Will Rogers services; 30^th Infantry, U.S. Army provisional rifle company conducted modified funeral services at 5:00 p.m. yesterday in Plaza del Pacifico.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 5:2. Mrs. Albert Lytle Deane, world press advocate, declares Exposition a "Symphony".

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 6:1. Carrie Jacobs Bond, composer, honored at Exposition Wisconsin event.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 6:1. Children win Admission Fight; protest announcement that Labor Day would not be a "Nickel Day" for children.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 6:2. Music program at Exposition today.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 6:3. Visitors to Exposition warned to care for dogs in automobiles.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 6:4. Southern cities to have special Exposition day.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 6:4. Model CCC Camp dedication fixed for next Monday.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 6:4. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 6:6. National Negro Day is featured event tomorrow.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, 7:1. Exposition welcomes guests in unique Casa del Rey Moro Café.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, II, 4:1. Sargent Johnson’s terra cotta sculpture of head of "Esther" in Palace of Fine Arts has wide appeal, by Reginald Poland.

San Diego Union, August 23, 1935, II, 12:1. "Daddy" Rango, radio philosopher, celebrates his 47^th birthday with a picnic Sunday on 6^th street side of Balboa Park.

San Diego Union, August 24, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Navy Day, National Negro Day.

San Diego Union, August 24, 1935, 9:2-3. Joe E. Brown, film comedian, to visit Exposition Monday; many Nickel Day events planned.

San Diego Union, August 24, 1935, 9:3-4. Old Globe players honor hard-of-hearing visitors; appliances installed by management at seats occupied by special guests.

San Diego Union, August 24, 1935, 9:2. Acrobats in free show at Gold Gulch last night.

San Diego Union, August 24, 1935, 9:4-5. Dr. Francis E. Townsend will speak at Exposition tomorrow; big crowd due.

San Diego Union, August 24, 1935, 9:5. National Negro Day attracting thousands here.

San Diego Union, August 25, 1935, 1:7-8. Program - Townsend Day, Delta Chi-Sigma Day, Yugoslav Day, Young Ladies’ Institute Day, National Association of Purchasing Agents’ Day, Navy Day.

San Diego Union, August 25, 1935, 1:6. Dr. Francis E. Townsend to make address at Exposition today; originator of old-age pension plan will be guest of honor at Ford Bowl.

San Diego Union, August 25, 1935, 1:2, 2:4. National Negro Day offers rare musical numbers.

San Diego Union, August 25, 1935, 5:1. Music feature by Welsh groups planned at Exposition.

San Diego Union, August 25, 1935, 5:7. Yugoslav event today expected to attract 5,000.

San Diego Union, August 25, 1935, 14:1. Exposition band, chorus praised for fine work, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, August 25, 1935, II, 7:6-7. John Morley discusses park planting; praises citizens and specialists at August meeting of Floral Association; 100 pounds of selected nasturtium seed were planted this year in Balboa Park; park absorbed nearly 600,000 plants for ornamental purposes between January and June; at present 70,000 petunias and 50,000 other sets are going in for winter bloom; plumy maze of Palm Canyon is causing a slight case of green eyes among Florida visitors; azure border of ageratum around lily pond taking the place of a wire fence; put in to prevent "kids" from falling in.

San Diego Union, August 25, 1935, Society-Club, 1:1-2, 2:1-2. Court of Honor reception will be held as welcome courtesy to Navy officers Tuesday.

San Diego Union, August 26, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - CCC Day, Navy and Marine Mothers’ Day, Children’s Day, Bicycle Day, Navy Day.

San Diego Union, August 26, 1935, 1:2, 5:1. Thousands cheer Townsend in Exposition talks; rains fail to bar big attendance; old-age pension leader hits Congress; make stirring appeal for abolishment of poverty; sees victory.

San Diego Union, August 26, 1935, 1:4. Needy children to be guests at Exposition tomorrow.

San Diego Union, August 26, 1935, 3:2-3. San Diego Symphony will close Ford Bowl season, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, August 26, 1935, 5:6-7. Joe E. Brown, bicycle events on "Nickel Day".

San Diego Union, August 26, 1935, 5:8. 5,000 Yugoslavs celebrate their day despite rain.

San Diego Union, August 27, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Marine Day, Orphans’ Day, Underprivileged Boys’ Day, National Locksmith Association Day, Navy Day.

San Diego Union, August 27, 1935, 1:6-7, 2:1. Boys, bikes and freckles greet Joe E. Brown at Exposition; children crowd around film comedian on Nickel Day; wheels and shapes of many sizes are displayed.

San Diego Union, August 27, 1935, 5:1. CCC Model Camp at Exposition dedicated; 2,000 workers gather.

San Diego Union, August 27, 1935, 5:2-3. Many Orphan Homes will send children to see Exposition today.

San Diego Union, August 28, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - National Sojourner’s Day.

San Diego Union, August 28, 1935, 1:1-2, 2:2. Orphans’ Day makes 2,000 little ones happy at Exposition.

San Diego Union, August 28, 1935, 5:1. Huge Naval Band presented at Ford Bowl.

San Diego Union, August 28, 1935, 5:1. Master Barbers will have Exposition day next Sunday.

San Diego Union, August 28, 1935, 5:6. Farm Bureau Day announced for Friday.

San Diego Union, August 28, 1935, 5:6. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Herald, August 29, 1935, 1:1-4. Exposition has banner week of its history as reports are collected from every section of San Diego Fair.

NOTE; SAN DIEGO UNION is missing from San Diego Public Library microfilm for August 29, 30 and 31. SAN DIEGO EVENING TRIBUNE is substituted.

San Diego Sun, August 29, 1935, 5:2-5. Chet Johnson, San Francisco newspaperman, writes of San Diego Exposition.

San Diego Evening Tribune, August 29, 1935, 1:2-3. Program.

San Diego Evening Tribune, August 29, 1935, 3:1. Three young cow fur seals and two bachelors here for Zoo after 4,000 trip from Bering Sea.

San Diego Sun, August 30, 1935, 11:3-4. Seeing the Exposition: Indian Village.

San Diego Evening Tribune, August 30, 1935, 1:1-2. Program - Farm Bureau Day.

San Diego Evening Tribune, August 30, 1935, 1:1-2. Seventy-two hours of revelry as Exposition plans Labor Day celebration.

San Diego Evening Tribune, August 30, 1935, 1:1. No crimes during 90 days of Exposition.

San Diego Evening Tribune, August 30, 1935, 7:4-6. Exposition Briefs.

San Diego Sun, August 31, 1935, 13:3-7. Exposition lighting thrills, by Chet Johnson.

San Diego Sun, August 31, 1935, 13:3-5. Portrait of Kate Sessions.

San Diego Evening Tribune, August 31, 1935, 1:6-7. Program - National Inter-Fraternity Council Day, Grape and Wine Industries’ Day, Richfield Oil Company Day, Pan-Hellenic Day, Osteopathic Day, Modern Woodsmen of America Day.

San Diego Evening Tribune, August 31, 1935, 1:3. City prepared to house big Exposition Crowds.

San Diego Union, September 1, 1935, 1:2, 3:2. Wine Industries program starts holiday at Exposition; Modern Woodmen and other organizations celebrate "days" during weekend.

San Diego Union, September 1, 1935, 1:4-5. Program – Cactus and Succulent Society of America Day; Richfield Oil Co. Day, Modern Woodmen of America Day, Lutheran Day, Welsh Day, Barbers’ Day, Delta Omega Day.

San Diego Union, September 1, 1935, 3:4. Charles Cadmen Day Wednesday.

San Diego Union, September 1, 1935, 4:1. Musical variety features week’s programs, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, September 1, 1935, 10:2. Marston tells history of Junipero Serra Museum.

San Diego Union, September 1, 1935, II, 1:1, 2:4. California State exhibit shows resources of the state; 23 counties present display acclaimed for its educational value.

San Diego Union, September 1, 1935, II, 1:4-5, 2:3. "Four Cornerstones of American Democracy," in Palace of Education considered sculptor Schweigardt’s masterpiece.

San Diego Union, September 1, 1935, II, 1:7. Municipal golf course is $7,107 in red for fiscal year 1934-35; course turned in revenues of $31,425.75; hopes of paying off the bonds issued to build the course with revenues from the course have failed.

San Diego Sun, September 2, 1935, 1:1, 2:3. Visitors break attendance records at Exposition; a total of 74,019 persons passed through the gates yesterday, exceeding the previous high Sunday mark by 24,000. . . . Topping the day’s program were events for 5,000 Welsh people assembled for celebration of Welsh Day.

San Diego Sun, September 2, 1935: 2:2-3, San Diego Symphony thrills big audiences in Ford Bowl concerts, by Arthur Henderson.

San Diego Sun, September 2, 1935, 3:3-4. Seeing the Exposition, by Magner White.

San Diego Sun, September 2, 1935, 4:5-6. Midgets, "Macbeth" top nudists as popular Exposition features, by Charles Moore.

San Diego Sun, September 2, 1935, 5:2-3. Rare Exposition art, including "Stella," Zoro and Gold Gulch, lauded.

San Diego Union, September 2, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Western Public Golf Championship Day; Modern Woodmen of America Day; Welsh Society Day; Escondido Day.

San Diego Union, September 2, 1935, 3:4. Guns will roar in Exposition air "raids" on three Army days.

San Diego Union, September 2, 1935, 3:5. Cactus growers convene at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 2, 1935, 3:6. Welshman plan celebration at Exposition today.

San Diego Union, September 2, 1935, 3:6. Barbers gather at Exposition for "day".

San Diego Union, September 2, 1935, 3:7. Joe (Kid) Egan, veteran sports follower, "plugs" San Diego Exposition.

San Diego Sun, September 3, 1935, 1:4, 2:6. Three-day 170,000 total gate at Exposition; grand total of 3 million expected tomorrow.

San Diego Sun, September 3, 1935, 2:5. Betty Jean George of Houston Texas, "Gal Mayor" of Gold Gulch, in office twice.

San Diego Sun, September 3, 1935, 3:1-2. Three Cadman appearances on Exposition day honoring him; San Diego composer to be made chief of Sioux tomorrow at Indian Village.

San Diego Sun, September 3, 1935, 9:1. "Enemy" ready to "take" Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 3, 1935, 1:1-2. Program.

San Diego Union, September 3, 1935, 1:1-2, 8:6. Ford General Sales Manager arrives for special events.

San Diego Union, September 3, 1935, 1:3-5. Concessionaires gleeful as crowds pack Midway.

San Diego Union, September 3, 1935, 1:3-6. 170,301 see Exposition show in three days: Monday, September 2 – 60,081; shatters opening day attendance of 59,365 and Monday, August 26 attendance of 37,557.

San Diego Union, September 3, 1935, 8:1. Welsh Festival at Organ Amphitheater highly enjoyed, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, September 3, 1935, 8:5. Army planes assembling for attack on Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 3, 1935, 8:6. Marcelli wins ovation from Ford Bowl audience, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, September 3, 1935, 8:7. Admission Day pageant planned for Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 3, 1935, 8:8. Gold Gulch has another wedding.

San Diego Sun, September 4, 1935, 1:2, 2:4. 3 million mark to be reached at Exposition today; 3-day Army celebration has given attendance a boost.

San Diego Sun, September 4, 1935, 2:2-3. Seeing the Exposition: San Francisco at San Diego Exposition, by Magner White.

San Diego Sun, September 4, 1935,, 4:1. Cadman on KFSD tonight in premiere of "Trail Picture Suite", composer to play during Exposition concert, by Willie Werner.

San Diego Sun, September 4, 1935, 5:1. Hostile Army attacks by land and air in realistic offensive.

San Diego Sun, September 4, 1935, 5:4. Russian music heard at Exposition, by Arthur Henderson.

San Diego Sun, September 4, 1935, 5:8. Exposition stresses Admission Day.

San Diego Sun, September 4, 1935, 8:6-7. Tea for Saint George Daughters to be give in House of Hospitality; dinner and reception this evening will climax program arranged for Cadman Day at the Exposition.

San Diego Sun, September 4, 1935, 8:8. Associated Art Group to have "day"; luncheon in the Casa del Rey Moro Café at noon.

San Diego Sun, September 4, 1935, 10:7. 548,000 see Ford exhibit in one month.

San Diego Sun, September 4, 1935, 11:6. 1,000 Ford men visit Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 4, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Army Day, Charles Wakefield Cadman Day.

San Diego Union, September 4, 1935, 1:7, 8:1. Army moves in to start three-day show; day and night air attacks and defense to be part of demonstration.

San Diego Union, September 4, 1935, 8:3. Admission Day parade, pageant being planned.

San Diego Union, September 4, 1935, 8:4-5. Cadman music to feature composer’s Exposition "day".

San Diego Union, September 4, 1935, 11:4. "Cornerstones of American Democracy" fountain in Palace of Education to be dedicated tomorrow night.

San Diego Herald, September 5, 1935, 3:1-4. Exposition breaks all records.

San Diego Herald, September 5, 1935, 3:2-5. Exposition nights with Monte – Café of the World, created though the interest of J.S. Madill, president of operating company, in San Diego’s Exposition; Madill also entrusted John Gage with supervision of Casa del Rey Moro Café.

San Diego Herald, September 5, 1935, 4:2-7. Romantic days of ’49 culminate in Gold Gulch weddings.

San Diego Herald, September 5, 1935, 5:1-2. On the Midway – the Exposition’s fun zone.

San Diego Sun, September 5, 1935, 1:5, 2:5. Three millionth Exposition visitor is honored; Mrs. J. A. Richards of San Diego, "Queen Mother," feted until ten last night.

San Diego Sun, September 5, 1935, 2:6-7. Roses of al l hues and from various lands shown at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, September 5, 1935, 4:1. Machine guns, Mozart mixes in KGB releases from Exposition tonight, by Willie Werner.

San Diego Sun, September 5, 1935, 6:4-5. Many "mayors," alive or "dead" echo brief reign in Gold Gulch.

San Diego Sun, September 5, 1935, 6:7. Notables here for "Peace Day".

San Diego Sun, September 5, 1935, 8:1. Socialites honor Army officers at Garden Tea; Major General and Mrs. Malone complimented at reception in Court of Honor.

San Diego Sun, September 5, 1935k 8:7. "The Four Cornerstones of American Democracy" to be dedicated in Palace of Education tonight.

San Diego Sun, September 5, 1935, 9:1. Night raid on Exposition, Army’s climax of day; Crowds see inside "Fighting machines" as war rages.

San Diego Sun, September 5, 1935, 9:6-7. 500 voices to be heard on choral program in Organ Amphitheater Saturday afternoon and evening.

San Diego Sun, September 5, 1935, 12:1-2. Motorcade to boost "Legion Days" at Exposition, by Wilfred M. Clark.

San Diego Sun, 13:5. Western Association of Art Museum Directors to meet at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 5, 1935, 1:4-5. Program – Army Day, Ford Day.

San Diego Union, September 5, 1935, 1:7-8, 3:8. Ford "Victory" special to bring 1,000 for today’s Exposition program.

San Diego Union, September 5, 1935, 1:5-7. True Vow club member is "Queen Mother" of Exposition as turnstile clicks 3 million; Mrs. A. J. Richmond greeted by officials; escorted with husband on special tour; honored at dinner.

San Diego Union, September 5, 1935, 3:2-3. San Diego Symphony Orchestra strikes popular vein in Viennese night concert at Ford Bowl, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, September 5, 1935, 3:4. Music features Charles Cadman Exposition Day.

San Diego Union, September 5, 1935, 5:1. Crowds watch local artists working at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 5, 1935, II, 1:2. Fliers plan Exposition "attacks"; night maneuver main feature of three Army days.

San Diego Union, September 5, 1935, II, 1:3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, September 5, 1935, II, 1:6. Sculptor Frederick William Schweigardt will be honored at Exposition tonight.

San Diego Sun, September 6, 1935, 1:7-8. Army makes final air raid on Exposition – closing maneuvers.

San Diego Sun, September 6, 1935, 1:6, 2:3. Five British flags at Exposition; 10,000 British subjects in celebration.

San Diego Sun, September 6, 1935, 2:3-4. Exposition groups fete crew of British cruiser Danae during its rest in San Diego port.

San Diego Sun, September 6, 1935, 4:1. Gold Gulch "opera" to get NBC airing from Exposition tonight, by Willie Werner.

San Diego Sun, September 6, 1935, 10:1. Western artists will be feted at "Bohemian" affair in park; Donal Hord will give demonstration of his work.

San Diego Sun, September 6, 1935, 13:6-7. "Cadman Day" climaxed by rare Exposition program.

San Diego Union, September 6, 1935, 1:4-5. Program – Army Day, Ford Day, New Mexico Day, National Funeral Directors’ Day, British Empire Day.

San Diego Union, September 6, 1935, 1:4, 3:1. Optimism is Ford Day keynote; gathering at Café of the World is feature of program as nearly 1,000 employees have first day at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 6, 1935, 1:6, 2:7. Army planes show speed in Exposition "attack".

San Diego Union, September 6, 1935, 3:4. Sculptor Schweigardt gets Exposition gold medal.

San Diego Union, September 6, 1935, 5:1. Exposition café manager Victor J. Wolff quits.

San Diego Union, September 6, 1935, 7:7-8. Lure of San Diego Exposition regarded as biggest single factor in record 1935 traffic.

San Diego Union, September 6, 1935, 8:8. Mission Bay park plans approved; to cost $400,000.

San Diego Sun, September 7, 1935, 1:6, 2:8. Thousands to Exposition program; Firemen, Czechoslovakians share honors.

San Diego Sun, September 7, 1935, 2:4. Army planes finish raids.

San Diego Sun, September 7, 1935, 3:3-5. Large, appreciative audience lauds final Ford Bowl symphony, by Arthur Henderson.

San Diego Sun, September 7, 1935, 13:3-5. Art and Artists, by Katharine Morrison Kahle.

San Diego Union, September 7, 1935, 1:4-5. Program – Steuben Day, National Firemens’ Day, British Empire Day, Native Daughters of Golden West Day, Equitable Life Insurance Day, Art Guild Day, Western Association of Art Museum Directors’ Day.

San Diego Union, September 7, 1935, 1:7-8, 2:4. Historical parade to move through streets to Exposition gates Monday.

San Diego Union, September 7, 1935, 8:1. "1812 Overture" closes concert season at Exposition, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, September 7, 1935, II, 1:2. Britons throng Exposition for celebration; Empire’s glory sets theme for two-day program.

San Diego Union, September 7, 1935, II, 8:1. Native costumes to grace program on Czechoslovakia Day.

San Diego Sun, September 8, 1935, 1:4, 10:1. Exposition’s pageant fetes birth of Golden State; Governor and Native Sons attend Admission Day session.

San Diego Sun, September 8, 1935, 6:1-2. Balloon tag, jumping featured in horse show; Crabtree children take honors in two classes; annual event staged in ring of Balboa Park Riding Stables.

San Diego Union, September 8, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Frances Lederer Peace Day; Czechoslovakia Day.

San Diego Union, September 8, 1935, 1:5, 5:1. Firemen thrill crowd at Exposition by daring feats.

San Diego Union, September 8, 1935, 5:4-5. "Doll Houses" in Midget Village; tiny occupants charm visitors.

San Diego Union, September 8, 1935, 9:1. Builders’ Week at Exposition to draw thousands.

San Diego Union, September 8, 1935, 12:1. Art Mart ends at reception in Court of Honor.

San Diego Union, September 8, 1935, 16:1. Governor Frank Merriam chief speaker at Exposition today.

San Diego Union, September 8, 1935, II, 1:3. Exposition to provide final "fling" for school children.

San Diego Union, September 8, 1935, II, 1:6-7, 2:3. Exposition musical program for week widely diversified, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, September 8, 1935, Building Section, 3:4. National rose show is planned in Ford Building.

San Diego Union, September 9, 1935, 1:1-3, 5:1. Exposition audience shouts disapproval of war as orators plead in peace-day observance; wounded veterans join appeal by Governor Merriam, Rufus von Klein Smid, Frances Lederer for world amity.

San Diego Union, September 9, 1935, 1:6, 2:3. Last "Nickel Day" as Exposition marks end of school vacation.

San Diego Union, September 9, 1935, 1:6, 2:2. Pageant-parade, speech by Judge Albert Lee Stephens, Admission Day highspots; celebration will start downtown at ten a.m. and move to Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 9, 1935, 1:7-8. Program – Kids’ Day, Bankers’ Day, Admission Day, Associated Arts Day, Native Sons and Daughters’ Day.

San Diego Union, September 9, 1935, 5:6. Czechoslovakian Day lends color to Exposition program.

San Diego Union, September 9, 1935, 5:7-8. "Pick of the Army" at Exposition shows perfection in military precision.

San Diego Sun, September 10, 1935, 1:5, 2:4-5. Exposition show day offers thrills, circus today, vaudeville tonight.

San Diego Union, September 10, 1935, 1:3, 5:1, 6:2-3. Pageantry, music at celebration of Admission Day; President Roosevelt wires greetings to those fortunate ones living in "20th century fairyland".

San Diego Union, September 10, 1935, 1:6-7. Program.

San Diego Union, September 10, 1935, 1:6-7. Ex-President Herbert Hoover to talk at Exposition September 17; Representative Beck will speak from East.

San Diego Union, September 10, 1935, 4:7-8. State Days, Norway Event – Exposition features this week.

San Diego Union, September 10, 1935, 5:2. Exposition exhibitors to hold hi-jinx party tonight.

San Diego Union, September 10, 1935, 11:1-8. Ford dealers from 15 states meet at Exposition; Ford Building requires a staff of 411 men and women for its operation and maintenance; of this number 361 are residents of San Diego; 27 exhibits in building.

San Diego Union, September 10, 1935, II, 1:2. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Sun, September 11, 1935, 1:3. President Roosevelt to visit Exposition on September 28.

San Diego Sun, September 11, 1935, 9:5-6. Exposition band to honor Joseph de Luca, leader; he leaves Friday for the University of Arizona.

San Diego Sun, September 11, 1935, 9:5-6. Fanchon and Marco show to return to Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 11, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Wyoming Day, Electrical Inspectors’ Day.

San Diego Union, September 11, 1935, 3:2-4. Ford dealers attended a luncheon yesterday at the Café of the World to hear W. C. Cowling, Ford general sales manager.

San Diego Union, September 11, 1935, 5:1. Fanchon and Marco review to be back at Exposition tomorrow; troupe returns for free shows at Organ Amphitheater.

San Diego Union, September 11, 1935, 5:2. Article in September issue of Santa Fe Magazine by Esther Mugan Bush telling of Exposition museum activities.

San Diego Union, September 11, 1935, 5:3. Joseph De Luca, director of Exposition band, will be honored at program today before he leaves for the University of Arizona.

San Diego Union, September 11, 1935, 6:7. Three-day celebration at Exposition Sunday, Monday and Tuesday to honor Constitution of the United States and the 125th anniversary of Mexico’s Independence.

San Diego Union, September 11, 1935, 9:3-4. Streamlined Shakespeare at Old Globe makes audiences come back, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, September 11, 1935, 9:6. Winners named in snake contest arranged by Zoo.

San Diego Sun, September 12, 1935, 1:1. Hoosiers hold sway at Exposition; special train to bring weekend throng.

San Diego Sun, September 12, 1935, 1:6. Cabrillo Bridge leap is fatal; Frank Westrick of San Diego is 33rd victim.

San Diego Sun, September 12, 1935, 13:7-8. Exposition "Dog Days" set October 5-6; fancy canines will parade.

San Diego Herald, September 12, 1935, 1:1-3. San Diegans demand continuance of Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 12, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Indiana Day.

San Diego Union, September 12, 1935, 1:3, 2:3. Exposition will observe seven special days Saturday.

San Diego Union, September 12, 1935, 1:3, 2:2. George Oiler, war-decorated sergeant, member of 20th Infantry, based at Camp Derby.

San Diego Union, September 12, 1935, II, 1:3. Herbert Hoover’s Exposition speech to be broadcast Tuesday; nation to hear ex-President on Constitution Day.

San Diego Union, September 12, 1935, II, 1:5 Japan veterans on visit to San Diego lunch at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, September 13, 1935, 2:2. Lucky Friday Exposition’s motif; concessionaires will award new Ford car to lucky visitor.

San Diego Sun, September 13, 1935, 13:4. Hoosiers laud day at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 13, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Concessionaires and Exhibitors’ Day.

San Diego Union, September 13, 1935, 1:3, 5:1. San Francisco to be "annexed" to San Diego for Exposition celebration tomorrow.

San Diego Union, September 13, 1935, 3:5 Fanchon and Marco cast scores at free Exposition shows.

San Diego Union, September 13, 1935, 5:1. Rally will open Mexican fiesta at Exposition Sunday.

San Diego Union, September 13, 1935, 5:3. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, September 13, 1935, 5:5, "Our U.S." theme of Exposition on November 11 closing night.

San Diego Union, September 13, 1935, 5:6. Junior dancers present program in House of Hospitality.

San Diego Union, September 13, 1935, 5:8. Hollywood Glee Club will sing twice at Exposition tomorrow.

San Diego Sun, September 14, 1935, 1:3, 2:6. Many "Days" in Exposition weekend; San Francisco, Norway, Mexico among celebrants.

San Diego Sun, September 14, 1935, 1:5-7, 2:2-3. City greets Mayor Rossi and San Francisco visitors.

San Diego Sun, September 14, 1935, 11:5. President Roosevelt approves $847,988 WPA fund for San Diego; Zoo wins $242,000.

San Diego Union, September 14, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – San Francisco Day, Kids’ Day, Norway Day, Redwood Empire Day, South Dakota Day, San Bernardino County Day, Women’s Benefit Association Day.

San Diego Union, September 14, 1935, 1:5, 5:1. San Francisco to celebrate at Exposition today; Bay City officials to head parade on arrival by train; "Queen" will rule.

San Diego Union, September 15, 1935, 1:4-5. Program – Construction Industries Day, San Francisco Day, Norway Day, Mexico Day.

San Diego Union, September 15, 1935, 1:5, 2:1. San Francisco crowds invade Exposition; varied events; informal entertainment set today.

San Diego Union, September 15, 1935, 4:1. Cabrillo Park dedication to be held September 28.

San Diego Union, September 15, 1935, 10:5-6. No let down as character of Exposition music changes, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, September 15, 1935, II, 6:1-2. Secretary, California Association of Nursery men, relates early history of San Diego horticulture.

San Diego Union, September 15, 1935, Development, 3:5-6. Noted San Diego gardener should be honored by vine planting on Kate Sessions Day, September 24, by Ada Perry.

San Diego Sun, September 16, 1935, 1:4, 2:5. State heads in talk at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, September 16, 1935, 3:7-8. Flood of Exposition arrests loom, declares Stanley M. Gue, deputy labor commissioner.

San Diego Sun, September 16, 1935, 7:5. Mexico holds sway at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 16, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Construction Industries’ Day, Mexico Day, Mexican Independence Day.

San Diego Union, September 16, 1935, 3:3. Paulino Rodriguez, Stanley R. Graham and Nate Eagle, officials of Midget Village, arrested on charge of violating California child labor law.

San Diego Union, September 16, 1935, 5:7. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, September 16, 1935, II, 8:1. Saint Jerome, a painting by Francisco de Zurbaran, on view at the Palace of Fine Arts.

San Diego Sun, September 17, 1935, 1:1. San Diego Sun amateur boxing championships tourney at Exposition free.

San Diego Sun, September 17, 1935, 1:5. Flag pageant day’s feature; Dr. Woellner to speak at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 17, 1935, 1:4-5. Program – Constitution Day, Organized Labor Day, Construction Industries’ Week.

San Diego Union, September 17, 1935, 1:1, 2:8. Herbert Hoover here, heads Constitution program today; former President expected to sound keynote of Republican campaign; band to greet party at gates.

San Diego Union, September 17, 1935, 2:2. Aimee McPherson to attend Exposition for three days.

San Diego Union, September 17, 1935, 4:4. A drop in Police fines has been attributed to Exposition duties.

San Diego Union, September 17, 1935, 9:2-4. Mexican Independence Day fiesta features music week-end at Exposition, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, September 17, 1935, II, 1:2. San Diego Zoo gets WPA grant of $242,869 to construct buildings and enclosures and to beautify grounds; Zoo will contribute $47,403.

San Diego Sun, September 18, 1935, 1:3. Exposition to fete P.E.O. Women; secret organization holds state conclave here; public program in House of Hospitality auditorium in afternoon.

San Diego Union, September 18, 1935, 8:6. Pen Women plan second program at Exposition Saturday afternoon in House of Hospitality auditorium.

Page one of San Diego Union, September 18, 1935 is missing, San Diego Public Library microfilm)

September 18, 1935. Program – Construction Industries Week; PEO Day.

San Diego Union, September 18, 1935, 3:1. Herbert Hoover urges defense of principles of Constitution; federal centralization of power will sap American liberty.

San Diego Union, September 18, 1935, 5:1. Associated Contractors study federal competition; flay relief building in Exposition program.

San Diego Union, September 18, 1935, 5:5. Pageantry, music mark Constitution Day.

San Diego Herald, September 19, 1935, 1:4, 6:4-5. Exposition – The Herald also suggested that the Exposition directors announce free days for all the public at suitable intervals, that men in uniform be admitted free, that the Fair should be free to school children on Friday afternoon and evenings, that special attractions be provided free, and that accumulated cash prizes be awarded about twice a week

San Diego Herald, September 19, 1935, 6:1-4. Exposition nights with Monte – Nate Eagle and Stanley Graham manage Zoro Gardens; Jack Madill boss of Gold Gulch, Café of the World; Louis Albers director of cuisine in Café of the World..

San Diego Sun, September 19, 1935, 1:2-4. Amateur boxers swing gloves tonight in finals of Sun-Exposition tourney, by Nelson Fisher.

San Diego Sun, September 19, 1935, 19:3. Races of World feted at Exposition; State, national figures on program.

San Diego Sun, September 19, 1935, 10:6. P.E.O. Day is celebrated at Exposition, by Kathryn Zeiss.

San Diego Sun, September 19, 1935, 13:2. Governor Merriam greets racial groups.

San Diego Union, September 19, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Race Relations Day, Construction Industries Week.

San Diego Union, September 19, 1935, 1:3. "Our Gang" will visit Exposition; will be honored guests at "Nickel Day", Saturday; Errol and Devine also to be here.

San Diego Union, September 19, 1935, II, 1:4. Thomas Wood Stevens tells of Globe’s success.

San Diego Sun, September 20, 1935, 1:2. "Marvelous" is Senator Robert Wagner of New York view of Exposition.

San Diego Sun, September 20, 1935, 1:5, 2:4. Santa Monica invades Exposition; "Miss Boston" and Irish are Exposition’s guests.

San Diego Sun, September 20, 1935, 15:1. Governor Merriam speaks to crowds on race relations; more than 7,000 persons in Organ Amphitheater.

San Diego Union, September 20, 1935, 1:7-8. Program – Ben Hur Life Association Day, Santa Monica Bay District Day, Construction Industries Week.

San Diego Union, September 20, 1935, II, 1:2. Exposition schedules ten special days for weekend.

San Diego Union, September 20, 1935, II, 1:3. Palace of Education may be used for permanent display of educational exhibits of the city and country schools.

San Diego Union, September 20, 1935, II, 1:5. Los Angeles Firestone plant closing for day at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 20, 1935, II, 2:1. Kate Sessions’ Day plans announced.

San Diego Union, September 20, 1935, II, 9:1. Irish to open two-day dance festival.

San Diego Union, September 20, 1935, II, 9:1-2. Governor Merriam gives speech on Race Relations Day program.

San Diego Sun, September 21, 1935, 1:3, 2:7. Movies stars, air attacks in Exposition specials; weekend program for youths, grownups.

San Diego Sun, September 21, 1935, 2:3. Exposition to fete Irish leaders.

San Diego Sun, September 21, 1935, 3:2. Exposition to fete Kate Sessions.

San Diego Sun, September 21, 1935, 5:3-4. Jack Nestle "Most Cuffed" Player of Old Globe Theater Co.; Dromio of "Comedy of Errors" always comes up smiling.

San Diego Sun, September 21, 1935, 5:5. British tars of H.M.S. Danae think Zorine "just divine".

San Diego Union, September 21, 1935, 1:4-5. Program – Irish Day, Children’s Day, Firestone Day, Gas Appliance Day, Daughters of Scotia Day; Hal Roach "Our Gang" Day; California League of American Women Penwomen Day; Composers’ Day.

San Diego Union, September 21, 1935, 1:6-7. "Our Gang" main Exposition Nickel Day attraction; Leon Errol and Andy Divine will act as judges of homemade autos in parade.

San Diego Union, September 21, 1935, 3:1. Coastal artillery to defend against air attach tonight as part of National Guard show.

San Diego Union, September 21, 1935, 3:5. Irish dances feature Exposition program.

San Diego Union, September 21, 1935, 3:7. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, September 21, 1935, 8:1. Cooking school at Ford Bowl tonight.

San Diego Union, September 21, 1935, II, 1:2-3. Notables urge resumption of Exposition next year.

San Diego Union, September 22, 1935, 1:4-5. Program – National Guard Day, Metaphysical Day, Irish Day.

San Diego Union, September 22, 1935, 1:6-7. "Our Gang" leads happy day for children at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 22, 1935, II, 1:5, 2:1. Kate Sessions earned title of "Mother of Balboa Park", by Ada Perry.

San Diego Union, September 22, 1935, II, 12:1. Penwomen hold Composers’ Day program at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, September 23, 1935, 1:6, 2:3. Franklin Roosevelt plans change with new date.

San Diego Sun, September 23, 1935, 1:6. General Hugh Johnson to start speech tour in San Diego.

San Diego Sun, September 23, 1935, 1:8. Exposition seeking best speller, contest on tonight.

San Diego Sun, September 23, 1935, 10:1-2. Exposition symphony band begins Ford Bowl concert season.

San Diego Sun, September 23, 1935, 11:3-4. Exposition to honor Kate Sessions in day at park tomorrow.

San Diego Union, September 23, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – All States Spelling Contest Day.

San Diego Union, September 23, 1935, 1:3, 2:3. President Roosevelt due to arrive here within two weeks; warship ready.

San Diego Union, September 23, 1935, 5:1. National Guard concludes two-day celebration.

San Diego Union, September 23, 1935, 5:2. Exposition will hear 105-piece Women’s Symphony Orchestra of Long Beach.

San Diego Union, September 23, 1935, 5:4. Aimee McPherson announces Exposition program.

San Diego Union, September 23, 1935, 8:1-3. Kate Sessions Day will be climaxed by informal party at Balboa Park.

San Diego Sun, September 24, 1935, 1:6-7, 2:1. Mrs. Kate L. Arch, 72, from Colorado, wins Exposition spelling bee.

San Diego Sun, September 24, 1935, 1:8, 2:8. It’s Hawkeye Day at Exposition; former Iowans share honor with Miss Sessions.

San Diego Sun, September 24, 1935, 3:5. Keeping Exposition open studied by officials.

San Diego Sun, September 24, 1935, 12:2. EDITORIAL: Kate Sessions Day.

San Diego Union, September 24, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Iowa Day, Kate Sessions Day.

San Diego Union, September 24, 1935, 1:5-6. Exposition will close November 11; benefits to city cited.

San Diego Union, September 24, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: This One Day.

San Diego Union, September 24, 1935, 5:1. Hamlin Garland finds Exposition an inspiration.

San Diego Union, September 24, 1935, 5:2. Mrs. Kate Arch, 72, is Exposition’s champion speller.

San Diego Union, September 25, 1935, 1:4, 2:1. Zorine leaves Exposition nudists.

San Diego Sun, September 25, 1935, 1:1. Exposition to hold second hi-jinks; Delphians follow Iowans in celebrating.

San Diego Sun, September 25, 1935, 1:4, 2:1. Zorine leaves Exposition nudists.

San Diego Sun, September 25, 1935, 8:2-3. Friends pay loving tribute to Miss Kate at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 25, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Delphian Day.

San Diego Union, September 25, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: This Is Right.

San Diego Union, September 25, 1935, 5:2. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, September 25, 1935, 5:3. Nursery men session here tomorrow.

San Diego Union, September 25, 1935, 9:1. Exposition honors Kate Sessions.

San Diego Herald, September 26, 1935, 6:5-6. Civic disapproval meets action of Exposition directors in deciding November 11 as closing date of Exposition.

San Diego Sun, September 26, 1935, 1:3, 2:8. President Roosevelt entrains for San Diego tonight.

San Diego Sun, September 26, 1935, 1:4. Aimee McPherson to Exposition for weekend.

San Diego Sun, September 26, 1935, 7:5. Exposition creates travel growth in California.

San Diego Sun, September 26, 1935, 7:6-7. Applies greet Oregon folks in reunion at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, September 26, 1935, 12:1. EDITORIAL: Making It Permanent . . . we could have here a semi-permanent Exposition. We could not only have one, but perhaps we should have.

San Diego Union, September 26, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Oregon Day.

San Diego Union, September 26, 1935, 5:1. Transportation Day program outlined.

San Diego Union, September 26, 1935, 5:2-3. Aimee Semple McPherson to conduct special service at Organ Amphitheater.

San Diego Union, September 26, 1935, 5:2-3. George Albert Smith, Mormon apostle, extols Exposition’s beauty.

San Diego Union, September 26, 1935, 5:4. Portuguese-Americans and San Diego will unite to honor Cabrillo.

San Diego Union, September 26, 1935, 5:4. Harold A. Taylor will lecture on "The Pictorial Story of the 1915 Exposition" tomorrow evening in the House of Hospitality.

San Diego Union, September 26, 1935, 5:4. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Sun, September 27, 1935, 1:2, 2:2. Aimee McPherson begins Exposition campaign; healing session opens her second San Diego visit.

San Diego Sun, September 27, 1935, 1:5, 2:1. 36 Exposition labor charges filed; Concessionaires named by Work Report.

San Diego Sun, September 27, 1935, 1:4. $8,548,729 approved for San Francisco Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 27, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Hardware Retailers’ Day, Aimee Semple McPherson Day.

San Diego Union, September 27, 1935, 1:2, 2:5. Aimee McPherson to begin three-day religious pageant this afternoon.

San Diego Union, September 27, 1935, 5:2-3. Cabrillo National Monument will be dedicated tomorrow.

San Diego Union, September 27, 1935, 6:7. Indian band sets concert at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 27, 1935, 6:7. Exposition Excerpts.

San Diego Union, September 27, 1935, 6:8. Pageant to mark Camp Fire Girls’ Exposition program.

San Diego Sun, September 28, 1935, 1:6-7, 3:2-3. Crowds hear Aimee McPherson’s plea for "awakened America".

San Diego Sun, September 28, 1935, 1:6, 2:8. Crowds flock to Exposition.

San Diego Sun, September 28, 1935, 8:1. Dr. Reinhardt to be feted on Mills College Day next Saturday.

San Diego Union, September 28, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Kids’ Day, Transportation Day, Camp Fire Girls’ Day, Portugal-Cabrillo Day, Hardware Retailers’ Day, Aimee Semple McPherson Day, Almeda and Contra Costa Counties Day.

San Diego Union, September 28, 1935, 1:5, 5:2. Thousands here Mrs. McPherson in services; America must lead way to higher standards for all peoples, say evangelist.

San Diego Union, September 28, 1935, 3:2. Portugal and United States will unite in dedicating Cabrillo Monument.

San Diego Union, September 28, 1935, 5:1. Eight special events scheduled today; children, adults join to attract throngs to Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 29, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Aimee Semple McPherson Day, Alameda and Contra Costa Counties Day.

San Diego Union, September 29, 1935, 1:3, 2:3. City ready to receive President Roosevelt.

San Diego Union, September 29, 1935, 1:7, 6:1. Portuguese envoy dedicates Cabrillo tablet.

San Diego Union, September 29, 1935, 2:1-2. Exposition’s music programs are crowed with talent, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, September 29, 1935, II, 1:4. Two-day rose show to open in Ford patio October 12; $5,000 in prizes.

San Diego Union, September 29, 1935, II, 3:2. Million persons visit Model Town; sets of plans given away.

San Diego Union, September 29, 1935, World-Wide Features, 3:1. "Much Ado About Nothing" added to Globe Theater’s current repertoire.

San Diego Union, September 29, 1935, World-Wide Features, 3:7-8. Midgets, nudists are in race for quarter-million attendance.

San Diego Sun, September 30, 1935, 1:5. Exposition ready for largest day of year; Dr. Fisher Day precedes President Roosevelt welcome as attendance record grows.

San Diego Sun, September 30, 1935, 1:1, 2:4-5. San Diego ready to be U.S. "capital" for a day; Roosevelt party to arrive here late Tuesday.

San Diego Sun, September 30, 1935, 3:2. Cabrillo tablet set on California Building today.

San Diego Sun, September 30, 1935, 4:6-7. Globe players triumph again in "Much Ado About Nothing"; Callaway, Reid, Tedrow excellent in new production.

San Diego Union, September 30, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Dr. Frederick Vining Fisher Day.

San Diego Union, September 30, 1935, 1:2, 3:1. Nation’s eyes on San Diego for President Roosevelt’s visit.

San Diego Union, September 30, 1935, 5:1. General Hugh S. Johnson to speak here on same day as President Roosevelt; former NRA head to discuss New Deal over radio from Organ Amphitheater.

San Diego Union, September 30, 1935, 5:3. Aimee McPherson ends three-day service at Exposition.

San Diego Union, September 30, 1935, 5:4. Nursery men from all over state survey Pandanus utilis in bloom; has lived for twenty years on Exposition grounds and grown to a height of twenty-five feet.

San Diego Union, September 30, 1925, 5:4. Top prize will be $250 at rose show.

San Diego Union, September 30, 1935, II, 8:4. Negro Festival Chorus presented program at Organ Amphitheater yesterday afternoon.

 

 

October 1, 1935. Program – Amateur Radio Broadcast Day.

(San Diego Union, February 11, 1980, D-1, D-3. Poetic Touch in Murals by Belle Baranceanu, by James Britton, II.)

Los Angeles Times, October 1, 1935. San Diego Exposition plans gala events; fireworks display will end tomorrow’s Roosevelt celebration.

Los Angeles Times, October 1, 1935, 6:6-7. Statue of C.C.C. to be unveiled today in Griffith Park.

Los Angeles Times, October 1, 1935, 6:5. Giant redwood key will be presented to President Roosevelt on visit to San Diego Exposition.

FDR, The New Deal Years, 1933-37, Kenneth S. Davis, Random House, NY, 1979, pp. 581-583.

San Diego Sun, October 1, 1935, 1:4-6, 2:6. Flowers brought, stadium ready, whole town awaits Franklin Delano Roosevelt today, by Magner White.

San Diego Sun, October 1, 1935, 8:1. Parties set for prominent Exposition visitors.

San Diego Sun, October 1, 1935, 11:2-3. Exposition half dollars to increase in value as supply shrinks; coin of Panama-Pacific Exposition worth $10.

October 2, 1935. Program – President Roosevelt’s Day, General Hugh Johnson Day.

Los Angeles Times, October 2, 1935, 4:3-4. C.C.C. extolled on visit to park camp.

San Diego Sun, October 2, 1935, 1:2. Exposition sees its greatest day.

San Diego Sun, October 2, 1935, 1:4, 2:3-4. Triumphant tour adds to President’s cheer; nation-wide audience "listens in" with throng at stadium, by L. E. Claypool.

San Diego Sun, October 2, 1935, 1:5-6, 2:8. 10,000 San Diegans welcome President Roosevelt on his arrival in city.

San Diego Sun, October 2, 1935, 1:8, 2:5. 50,000 give Roosevelt ovation; cites recovery under "New Deal"; wants U.S. to keep free of foreign foes, by Magner White.

San Diego Sun, October 2, 1935, 3:2-4. 60 San Diegans in group on President Roosevelt’s platform at Stadium.

San Diego Sun, October 2, 1935, 5:1. Presidential party to be honor guests; California fruits to grace luncheon table in Sala de Oro.

San Diego Sun, October 2, 1935, 14:4-7. EDITORIAL: San Diego Welcomes You, Mr. President.

San Diego Union, October 2, 1935, 1:8, 3:1. President Roosevelt and party arrive; San Diego crowds meet, cheer Roosevelt’s; greetings extended entire way from station to Hotel del Coronado; chief executive plans details of speech.

San Diego Union, October 2, 1935, 1:3, 2:4-5. "First Lady" smiles "no interviews".

(San Diego Tribune, September 11, 1986, E-1. Eleanor Roosevelt was tireless, by Eileen Jackson.)

San Diego Union, October 2, 1935, 1:2-3, 3:2. Aerial review will precede Navy maneuvers for executive.

October 3, 1935. Program – Concessionaires & Exhibitors’ Auto Day.

Los Angeles Times, October 3, 1935, 1:4. President Roosevelt vows he will shun war, by Cleaves Jones.

Los Angeles Times, October 3, 1935, 1;2-3. Fleet gives President thrilling show, by Waldo Drake.

Los Angeles Times, October 3, 1935, 4:1. The President’s San Diego address.

Los Angeles Times, October 3, 1935, 6:1. President Roosevelt stresses American desire to remain at peace with world.

Los Angeles Times, October 3, 1935, 7:1. Roosevelt sees bases; National Defense Inspected and Exposition Visited on Busy Day, by Warren B. Francis.

New York Times, October 3, 1935, 1:5, 14:2-8. Big Italian Force Invades Ethiopia; Mussolini Rallies 20,000,000 Fascisti; Roosevelt To Keep US "Unentangled’; President warns nation; foreign war a potent peril he tells 45,000 at San Diego Fair; conquest is deplored; but our feelings must not drag us into conflict, he declares; sees big naval "battle", by Charles W. Hurd. . . . excerpt . . .

Mr. Roosevelt awoke early after enjoying a good night’s rest in a suite at the Hotel del Coronado to which he went from his train on arriving here last night.

While Mrs. Roosevelt went for a swim in the hotel pool, Mr. Roosevelt spent an hour conferring with Keith Morgan, director of the Warm Springs Foundation, and a group of others interested in extending the fight against infantile paralysis.

At 11 a.m., he set out for a round of activities which ended only when he boarded the Houston.

The President first visited the army and navy bases on North Island. Then, accompanied by his party, he inspected the Marine Base and the Naval Training Station before proceeding to the exposition. At the training station he paused to watch difficult exercises by the sailors, carried out to a musical accompaniment.

Greeted by Foreign Nations

The beautiful California Tower was the scene of the first official greeting by the exposition to the President. Soon after his party had entered the grounds via the west gate and had crossed the Cabrillo Bridge, the President’s car was halted in front of the spire.

There Mrs. Mary Belcher Trapnell, sister of Frank G. Belcher, exposition president, presented Mr. and Mrs. Roosevelt with a large bouquet of flowers on behalf of the thirty-five foreign nations represented in the picturesque House of Pacific Relations, located in the Palisades area of the fair grounds.

Tomokasu Hori, Japanese Consul for the Southern California district, completed the good-will expression of foreign groups by presenting to President Roosevelt on behalf of Japanese residents of San Diego, a pigeon-blood cloisonné vase.

The President’s car next was drive along the palm-lined Avenida de los Palacios, the main east-west thoroughfare through the fair area, to the House of Hospitality, where he and Mrs. Roosevelt were guests of exposition officials at separate luncheons. The President was entertained in the Sala de Oro.

Mr. Roosevelt was the third President to appear in San Diego, the others having been Benjamin Harrison and Woodrow Wilson.

New York Times, October 3, 1935, 14:1. Roosevelt as "foe" sees Navy fight.

New York Times, October 3, 1935, 14:2-8. Roosevelt’s address on home and foreign problems.

New York Times, October 3, 1935, 15:4. General Hugh S. Johnson for idle census; former NRA administrator asserted efforts to solve the problem of unemployment through the PWA and the WPA have not been effective.

San Diego Herald, October 3, 1935, 1:4. San Diego’s greatest honor, by Ray Stauer.

San Diego Herald, October 3, 1935, 2:1-4. Exposition News – Who shall be queen at Zoro Gardens? Mary PickFord’s ringlets stolen at Hollywood Motion Picture Hall of Fame.

San Diego Sun, October 3, 1935, 3:5. General Hugh Johnson raps President Roosevelt’s setup for recovery.

San Diego Sun, October 3, 1935, 8:1-2. Hospitality keynote of luncheon for Mrs. Roosevelt, by Anita Lee Utt.

San Diego Sun, October 3, 1935, 9:1-2. Sightseeing, luncheon on day’s program of busy First Lady before departure by plane, by Oriole Evans.

San Diego Sun, October 3, 1935, 13:4-5. One man’s opinion about our Exposition by J. E. Dryer, president Standard Furniture Co., "I believe it would be dangerous to continue the Exposition beyond November 11"; wants Fair next year and thereafter from May 31 to about September 12.

San Diego Sun, October 3, 1935, 15:5. New artists seen in Café of the World; Charles Craft, master of ceremonies brought here from Chicago; personnel of the floor show numbers 25 artists; new to the Exposition are Stearns and Dean, dance team from the Coconut Grove, Los Angeles.

San Diego Union, October 3, 1935, 1:8, 3:8. Ovation given President Roosevelt; he expresses gratitude; mighty cheers in Stadium as he delivers address; close to 200,000 San Diegans and visitors; took 30-mile drive through military and naval establishments, the Exposition, the Stadium and city streets; headed southward on cruise back to Washington last night; Mrs. Roosevelt left by airplane after circling over the fleet off Point Loma.

San Diego Union, October 3, 1935, 2:1. "Good Neighbor" policy pledged in Stadium talk.

San Diego Union, October 3, 1935, 2:5. Happy to be here, says President Roosevelt on visit to Exposition; crowds line bridge to see President pass; first lady arrives at Exposition early.

Intensely dramatic it is simplicity was the welcome extended to the President of the United States when he arrived at the west gate of the Exposition at 12:00 p.m. yesterday.

Since early morning, thousands of persons had stood in a long line extending across Cabrillo Bridge to the House of Hospitality where President and Mrs. Roosevelt were to have luncheon at two separate functions. For hours soldiers, sailors and marines had stood guard, keeping clear the lane over which the Presidential party would pass. An American Legion color guard was massed outside the gate.

Then, preceded by a cordon of motorcycle police, Franklin D. Roosevelt arrived in a touring car that stopped just inside the gate. Frank G. Belcher, president of the exposition, was waiting. There was a quick exchange of smiles, and Belcher’s two-work greeting, "Welcome, Sir."

"Happy to Be Here"

"I am happy to be here," said the President.

In the car with Roosevelt were Mayor P. J. Benbough, Rear Admiral William T. Tarrant and Governor Frank Merriam. Admiral Tarrant left the car to surrender his place to Belcher. It took only a moment and the car sped away, followed by 18 others.

The President was a visitor at the Exposition.

Mrs. Roosevelt, who had entered the grounds almost unnoticed through the east gate, had been sightseeing at the Exposition for three hours and did not join the President until after the luncheon parties.

Accorded an ovation every foot of the way, the President was greeted warmly by the cheering throng that awaited him in the plaza before the California Building, the first stop for the entourage. Equally cordial was the greeting of smiles and hat-waving which the President returned to the assemblage.

Appearing vigorously well and happy, Roosevelt held his hat to his breast as the 30^th Infantry Band swung into the National Anthem.

Flowers, Vase Presented

Several presentation ceremonies were enacted in front of the California Building steps on which stood girls of many nationalities dressed in native costumes of their countries. Mrs. Mary Belcher Trapnell, official hostess for President Roosevelt’s visit to the Exposition, was presented to the distinguished guest by Frank Drugan, executive secretary of the Exposition. Mrs. Trapnell stood on the ramp platform beside the Presidential car and handed the chief executive a large bouquet of American Beauty roses.

"As hostess and representing the 34 nations identified with the House of Pacific Relations, I present to you these flowers as an expression of our love and gratitude," she said.

The President accepted the flowers with a few words of appreciation, and waved a greeting to the girls on the steps behind Mrs. Trapnell. A tall red Cloisonné vase was presented to President Roosevelt by Tomokazu Hori, Japanese Consul for southern California, who said, "Mr. President, on behalf of the Japanese residents of San Diego, I give to you this vase as a tribute of their esteem and affection."

President Roosevelt, obviously deeply touched by the international goodwill compliment, did not reply for a moment. Finally he looked up quickly into the face of the donor and said, "I will treasure this gift all of my life and I hope for many generations to come this vase will stand to all as a symbol of peace and amity between countries bordering the Pacific."

Three Separate Luncheons

Newsreel and other cameramen , who had been taking advantage of the ceremonies to obtain pictures, fell back after the presentation of the vase and the car moved slowly along the Avenida de los Palacios to the House of Hospitality where Exposition officials were hosts at a luncheon for the President in the Sala de Oro. About 100 newspaper men and women were luncheon guests of the Exposition in an adjoining room.

Besides the guest of honor, those present at the Presidential luncheon were his secretaries, Marvin H. McIntyre and Stephen Early, J. F. T. O’Connor, Colonel E. N. Watson, Captain Wilson Brown, Secretary Harold Ickes and Harold Ickes, Jr., Doctor McIntire, Keith Morgan, Harry L. Hopkins, Turner Battle, Oscar Chapman, Frank Walker, Mayor Benbough, Frank Belcher, G. Aubrey Davidson, Representative George Burnham, Philip L. Gildred, Hal Hotchkiss, Adolph Miller, Douglas Young, John L. Fox, Governor Merriam, Mayor Angelo J. Rossi, San Francisco; Admiral Joseph M. Reeves, Rear Admiral T. J. Senn and Julius Wangenheim.

Thanks Entertainers

At. Mrs. Roosevelt’s luncheon, held in the loggia at the House of Hospitality, hosts and hostesses were members of the Exposition board of directors and their wives. Spanish music and dancing in the patio entertained all three luncheon parties simultaneously and when the President crossed the patio after the luncheon, he paused for a smiling, "Thank you," for the entertainers.

The Presidential party left the Exposition at 1:45 p.m. for the stadium. Mrs. Roosevelt was in the car with her husband when they left the fair.

San Diego Union, October 3, 1935, 2:6-7. Commander-in-Chief views local navy, marine bases.

San Diego Union, October 3, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: Yesterday.

San Diego Union, October 3, 1935, 8:1-2. First Lady leads strenuous life like typical Roosevelt; early swim at Coronado; gay Exposition shopping tour crowd stay in San Diego, by Eileen Jackson.

San Diego Union, October 3, 1935, 9:1. General Hugh S. Johnson flays WPA; offered jobless aid program in a nation-wide address from Exposition last night.

October 4, 1935. Program – State Chamber of Commerce Day, Daughters of Nile Day.

New York Times, October 4, 1935, 20:1-2. EDITORIAL - Yesterday: The President at San Diego In his address yesterday at San Diego, the past of the speeches of the present tour, the President made the fullest statement and defense of the New Deal policies which he has as yet offered.

San Diego Union, October 4, 1935, 1:4, 2:5-6. San Diego set fine record in reception plan for President Roosevelt; every cog in well-built machine was right; high praise for all local workers.

San Diego Union, October 4, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: The General Suggests – "Don’t cook up anymore invented work."

October 5, 1935. Program – American Legion Day, Mills College Day, Boy Scouts’ Day, Kids’ Day, World’s Ex-Champion Boxers’ Day, National All-Breed Dog Show.

San Diego Sun, October 5, 1935, 2:5. Legion posts enliven Exposition.

San Diego Sun, October 5, 1935, 3:3-5. James Hervey Johnson, assessor, tells Exposition crowd that Oriental Importation Co. in Spanish Village may call it an "auction," but it’s really a "come-on."

G. S. Gurley, manager of the Better Business Bureau, said, "It’s not an auction really. The fake auction is a come-on for the $5 merchandise sales."

San Diego Sun, October 5, 1935, 5:4-5. Boris Aplon, Globe player, once toured in Gilbert & Sullivan repertory with the late De Wolf Hopper.

October 6, 1935. Program – Filipino Day, Minnesota Day, Boy Scouts’ Day, American Legion Day, Alianza Hispano-American Day, National All-Breed Dog Show Day, San Diego Council of Religious Education Day, California Public School Superintendents’ Day.

San Diego Union, October 6, 1935, 1:4-5, 2:1. 5,000 southland Boy Scouts hold Indian Village camporee

San Diego Union, October 6, 1935, 1:5, 2:1 Exposition surrenders as American Legion force starts invasion; parades feature first day of celebration; program continues until tomorrow.

San Diego Union, October 6, 1935, 5:3-4. Major O. J. F. Keatinge, manager of the English concessions, has had a colorful career.

San Diego Union, October 6, 1935, 6:2-4. Exposition entertainment for shut-ins tomorrow; Organ Amphitheater will be scene of program.

San Diego Union, October 6, 1935, 13:1. Celebration of 400th anniversary of printing of the Bible in English will be held at 3:00 p.m. today in the Ford Bowl.

October 7, 1935. Program – Shut-ins’ Day, California Public School Superintendents’ Day.

New York Times, October 7, 1935, 4:2-3. Dr. Millikan, president of California Institute of Technology, links circulation of Bible with "the future progress of mankind".

San Diego Sun, October 7, 1935, 2:2. City asks Exposition to close November 11.

San Diego Sun, October 7, 1935, 3:1. Legion, Scouts, Bible divide honors at Exposition; Minnesotans hold grand weekend fete on Exposition grounds.

San Diego Sun, October 7, 1935, 5:4-5. "Shut-ins" dream realized in today’s visit to Exposition.

San Diego Sun, October 7, 1935, 6:1. Spectator sports: Exposition teas weekend entertainment for society, by Anita Lee Utt.

San Diego Sun, October 7, 1935, 6:4. Nile Daughters greet "Queen" at Exposition; Spanish costumes, music by troubadours add atmosphere.

San Diego Sun, October 7, 1935, 7:1. Irish terrier topped Silver Bay Kennel National All-Breed Dog Show at Exposition yesterday.

San Diego Union, October 7, 1935, 1:6, 2:4. Display of old Bibles features Exposition event; Superintendent of Schools Crawford lauds Bible for inspirational value.

October 8, 1935. Program – Showmen’s Day, California Public School Superintendents’ Day.

San Diego Sun, October 8, 1935, 3:3. Exposition host to U.S. showmen; J. Ed Brown, director of shows and concessions at the Exposition, program manager for the day.

San Diego Sun, October 8, 1935, 3:4. Special Exposition day brings joy to "shut-ins".

San Diego Sun, October 8, 1935, 5:2-5. Sunday program at Exposition features Cadman sonata, by Arthur Anderson.

San Diego Union, October 8, 1935, 1:1. Council confers over future of Exposition.

San Diego Union, October 8, 1935, 9:1. All-day program for shut-ins; Rin Tin-Tin, Exposition entertainers join in varied events.

October 9, 1935. Program – Leif Ericson Day, California Public School Superintendents’ Day.

San Diego Sun, October 9, 1935, 4:7. Miss Ruth Cobitt new queen of Zoro Garden nudists.

San Diego Sun, October 9, 1935, 10:3. Italians of San Diego will present two full days program of talented artists Saturday and Sunday in Ford Bowl; Italian opera stars billed.

San Diego Sun, October 9, 1935, 10:6. Café of the World bills Autumn festival; Bobbie Mayorena, master of ceremonies.

San Diego Union, October 9, 1935, 1:2. President Roosevelt approves San Diego Civic Center; $989,528 in federal aid is awaited.

October 10, 1935. Program – Pasadena Day, Light Opera Day, Technocracy Day, Bungalow Literary Hostess Day.

San Diego Herald, October 10, 1935, 1:1-4. Sentiment to continue Exposition is growing daily.

San Diego Herald, October 10, 1935, 2:1-4. Exposition News.

Source?, October 10, 1935. Robert Aitken of New York designed half-dollar Exposition coins.

San Diego Sun, October 10, 1935, 1:1, 2:2. Pasadena folk at Exposition today; technocrat Howard Scott, Light Opera also on program.

San Diego Sun, October 10, 1935, 4:6. Globe passes 250,000 mark.

San Diego Sun, October 10, 1935, 5:1. Program for Italian Days given.

San Diego Sun, October 10, 1935, 5:2. Ford exhibit assured to end of Exposition.

San Diego Sun, October 10, 1935, 18:1. Roses on display in Ford Building patio Saturday and Sunday.

San Diego Union, October 10, 1935, 2:2. Cabrillo Bridge scene of suicide.

San Diego Union, October 10, 1935, 5:1. Light opera series to open at Ford Bowl today.

San Diego Union, October 10, 1935, 10:3-4. Ford exhibit will remain open until November 11 Exposition closing.

October 11, 1935. Program – Light Opera Day, Gay Nineties’ Day, Scottish Clans Day.

San Diego Sun, October 11, 1935, 4:1. Baby Le Roy, candy kid, to be Exposition king tomorrow.

San Diego Sun, October 11, 1935, 8:6-7. E. C. Edison, Globe Theater Press representative, bans high Pressure, gets results, by Willis Werner.

San Diego Sun, October 11, 1935, 10:1. Tea for American Association of Social Workers tomorrow in loggia of House of Hospitality.

October 12, 1935. Program – Italian Day, National Candy Day, Knights of Columbus Day, Latin America Day, Light Opera Day, Columbus Day, Glendale Day, National Rose Day, Illinois Day, Kids’ Day, Paramount Day, Transmo Club Day, Federation of Legal Secretaries’ Day, Girl Scouts’ National Delegates Day, Women’s Overseas Service League Day.

San Diego Sun, October 12, 1935, 1:4, 2:6. Many groups celebrate at Exposition today; 12 days on program.

San Diego Sun, October 12, 1935, 3:2. Globe "Hamlet" starts October 26.

San Diego Sun, October 12, 1935, 6:4-5. Women’s Board to entertain for honorary Exposition committee next Tuesday afternoon in loggia of House of Hospitality.

October 13, 1935. Program – Italian Day, China Day, Light Opera Day, Izaak Walton League of America & Associated Sport Fishermen’s Club Day, National Rose Day, New Jersey Day, Latin America Day.

October 14, 1935. Program – Eastern Star Day.

San Diego Sun, October 14, 1935, 5:1. Nations pledge friendship on Exposition programs; China, Italy, Pan-American countries join in celebration.

San Diego Sun, October 14, 1935, 5:6-7. San Diego rose growers win national prizes at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, October 14, 1935, 5:8. Future Exposition days listed.

October 15, 1935. Program – Highway Patrolmen’s Day.

San Diego Union, October 15, 1935, 3:2. New 1936 models to be shown in Ford patio Saturday.

San Diego Sun, October 15, 1935, 2:2. Exposition greets state patrol.

San Diego Sun, October 15, 1935, 2:2. Eight rulers to reign San Mateo Day at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, October 15, 1935, 16:5. New Fords on display first time at Exposition.

October 16, 1935. Program – San Diego Zoo Day, Ford V-8 Lucky Day.

San Diego Sun, October 16, 1935, 13:6. Exposition to hold huge Aviation Show Sunday.

October 17, 1935. Program – North Dakota Day.

San Diego Herald, October 17, 1935, 6:1-2. Exposition News – Frank Bennett, keeper of Alpha.

San Diego Union, October 17, 1935, 9:1. Zoo Day brings circus to town in Exposition program; animal parade opened day’s activities.

San Diego Union, October 17, 1935, 9:4. Only woman Zoo curator to mark ten year’s service.

October 18, 1935. Program – San Pedro Day.

Source?, October 18, 1935. Governor Merriam will be guest at 1:00 p.m. luncheon at Casa del Rey Moro Café.

October 19, 1935. Program – Ford Motor Day, Governors’ Day, Nebraska Day, Soroptimists’ Day, Girls’ League Day, Lower California Day, La Verne College Day, Doug Douglas Day, Kids’ Day, Veterans of Foreign Wars’ Day.

San Diego Sun, October 19, 1935, 1:7 (Saturday). Attendance to date 4,101,494; average daily 28,681; attendance October 18 – 13,421.

San Diego Sun, October 19, 1935, 5:4-6. Unseen heroes of Old Globe Theater Co. sew costumes, set stage and pay bits for cast.

October 20, 1935. Program – Consolidated Aircraft Corporation Day, Veterans of Foreign Wars’ Day, Aviation Day, Gideon Day.

San Diego Union, October 20, 1935, 1:3-6, 2:1. Exhibit of Los Angeles Metropolitan District in the Palace of Transportation; San Diego must have share of Colorado River water, by Major General Joseph E Kuhn, retired.

San Diego Union, October 20, 1935, II, 5:1. Model exhibit in Ford patio.

San Diego Union, October 20, 1935, Aviation Special, 1:2. Dedication, race, events in all-day Exposition program.

San Diego Union, October 20, 1935, Aviation Special, 1:8. New Lindbergh field plant of Consolidated Aircraft will be formally dedicated today.

October 21, 1935. Program – Circulation Managers’ Day.

October 22, 1935. Program – Circulation Managers’ Day.

San Diego Union, October 22, 1935, 5:1. Tempo increases as Exposition nears end.

October 23, 1935. Program – Church of God Day.

San Diego Union, October 23, 1935, 2:4-5. Stadium controversy settled; City Council approved City Manager’s plan to turn the stadium over to the School Board.

October 24, 1935. Program – CPIE Employees’ Day.

San Diego Sun, October 24, 1935, 18:1. Exposition workers have free day; invite friends.

San Diego Union, October 24, 1935, 9:3. City attorney is preparing enabling legislation to permit organizations of cultural, social or educational value to the community to establish headquarters in Balboa Park.

October 25, 1935. Program – Washington State Day, Southern California Public Schools Superintendents’ Day, Brewers’ Day.

San Diego Sun, October 25, 1935, 14:1. Eagles Lodge set for big fete at Exposition Sunday.

October 26, 1935. Program – Our Congressman’s Day, Economic Council Day, American Waterworks’ Association Day, Mickey Rooney Day, Irrigation Districts of California Day, San Mateo County Day, Republican Women’s Day, Pennsylvania Day, Pacific Coast Table Tennis Day, Old Home Town Band Day, Kids’ Day, Vaudeville Week.

San Diego Sun, October 26, 1935, 1:7, 3:2. Twenty-four fetes set at Exposition; Special Days load up weekend calendar.

October 27, 1935. Program – Czechoslovak Day, National Moose Day, Pacific Coast Table Tennis Tournament Day, Navy Day, San Mateo County Day, Aid Association for Lutherans Day, Fraternal Order of Eagles Day, Ba’hai Spiritual Assembly Day, KNX Day, Lutheran Day, Bell-California Day, Vaudeville Week.

San Diego Union, October 27, 1935, II, 1:1. Jubilee week scheduled as extra Exposition feature; will mark last seven days of Exposition, proclamation by Mayor Percy Benbough.

October 28, 1935. Program – SERA (State Emergency Relief Administration), WPA & County Welfare Day, Petaluma-Redwoods Empire Day, Pomona College ROTC Day, Navy Day, Vaudeville Week.

San Diego Union, October 28, 1935, 3:2-3. Throngs hear "Messiah" renditions by Exposition Chorus in Ford Bowl, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, October 28, 1935, 3:5. New star hailed as players present "Hamlet" in Old Globe Theater.

October 29, 1935. Program – Style Show Day, Vaudeville Week.

San Diego Sun, October 29, 1935, 1:4. Exposition to show styles today.

San Diego Union, October 29, 1935, 5:4. Exposition throws its gates open to relief families; 25,000 see Exposition; hold own shows at Organ Amphitheater.

October 30, 1935. Program – John D, Spreckels Day, 1915-16 Board of Directors’ Day, Ford V-8 Lucky Day, Vaudeville Week.

San Diego Union, October 30, 1935, II, 5:1. First complete 1936 models exhibited in Ford patio; 13 body designs in a wide variety of colors.

San Diego Sun, October 30, 1935, 1:5. Carnival air hits "big show"; Halloween touch added to program.

San Diego Sun, October 30, 1935, 1:6. "Taps" at midnight; bugler chosen for Exposition finale.

October 31, 1935. Program – 30th Infantry Day, Halloween Day, Idaho Day, Vaudeville Week

San Diego Sun, October 31, 1935, 1:2. Exposition prepares gay Halloween; dances, costume contests to feature revel.

San Diego Sun, October 31, 1935, 9:2-3. Thousands pay tribute to memory of Spreckels.

San Diego Herald, October 31, 1935, 1:2. Exposition should continue.

San Diego Union, October 31, 1935, II, 1:2. Exposition will honor General Malone, Colonel Simpson, Infantry; drills, parades, talks to mark today’s program.

San Diego Union, October 31, 1935, II, 1:3-4. Spreckels Organ plays big part in memorial service for donor, by Wallace Moody.

San Diego Union, October 31, 1935, II, 1:5. Throng at Exposition honors memory of J. D. Spreckels.

 

November 1, 1935. Program – National Congressmen’s Day, Artists & Art Scholars’ Day, Art Mart, Vaudeville Week.

San Diego Union, November 1, 1935, 1:5, 2:6. Major General Malone, commander of the 9th Corps area, lauded democracy in talk at an afternoon program in the Organ Amphitheater in honor of the 30th Infantry.

November 2, 1935. Program – Southern California Horseshoe Pitchers’ Tournament Day, State Farm Insurance Companies’ Day, American Junior Red Cross Day, University of Redlands Day, Will Rogers Memorial Day, American Red Cross Day, Insurance Agents’ Day, Home Economics Day, Art Mart Day, Kids’ Day, Legion of Valor Day, Girl Scouts’ Day, May Robson Day, YMCA Day.

November 3, 1935. Program – American College of Surgeons’ Day, California State Fraternal Congress Day, International Day, YWCA Day, Mid-Winter Bathing Beauty Contest Day, State Farm Insurance Companies’ Day, Southern California Horseshoe Pitchers’ Contest Day, Moran School Day, Art Mart.

New York Times, November 3, 1935, 8:2. Julius Wangenheim, chairman of the finance committee, announced today that 4,784,811 persons attended the San Diego Exposition which closed last night.

November 4, 1935. Program – Will Rogers Memorial Day, Amateur Motion Pictures Day.

San Diego Union, November 4, 1935, 1:4-5, 4:6. Exposition dedicates final Jubilee Week to people of San Diego.

San Diego Union, November 4, 1935, 10:1. Frank Drugan honored at International Day celebration.

November 5, 1935. Program – Exhibitors & Concessionaires Employees’ Day, Jubilee Week.

San Diego Union, November 5, 1935, 5:1. Taps will close Exposition at midnight on Armistice Day.

November 6, 1935. Program – California Pacific International Exposition Directors’ Day, Supplymen’s Day, Family Jubilee Day, Jubilee Week.

San Diego Union, November 6, 1935, 10:1-2. Ford Building to close officially at ten p.m. Armistice Day.

San Diego Union, November 6, 1935, II, 1:2. State Work Progess Administration authorized construction of buildings and improvements to be made at Balboa Park and the Zoological Hospital yesterday.

November 7, 1935. Program – International Lumbermen’s Day, Lila Lee Day, Amateur Photographers’ Day, Family Jubilee Day, Jubilee Week.

San Diego Herald, November 7, 1935, 1:1-4. Exposition to reopen January 1; situation in Balboa Park begins to small bad as gang formerly thrown out are back with love and kisses; New board of managers of Exposition are Frank G. Belcher, Hal Hotchkiss, John Fox, O. W. Cotton, Sam Mason, Councilman W. C. Wurfel and Emil Klicka. A majority of these men belong to the Belcher clique or faction and are dominated by Baron Long, King of Tijuana Gamblers. . . . Just who is H.O. Davis? . . . He advised the Board to do away with the "Midway" and the Café of the World and to spend $60,000 or more on a new dine and dance spot in the Spanish Village; caused the Triumphal Arch and Fish Pond to be built on the Plaza at a cost of $40,000.

San Diego Herald, November 7, 1935, 2:1-2. Exposition News – total attendance to date 4,500,000; cash awards at California State Building by judges of contest determining the fine points of the numerous floral, cacti and succulents displayed; Mexican fashion show in the auditorium of the House of Hospitality yesterday and today; Barbara Watson, 15-year old Hoover high school girl will be crowned "Miss Exposition – 1935" Saturday afternoon; Amateur photography contest today in Palace of Photography. Series of illustrated lectures by Frederick Vining Fisher in the auditorium of the House of Hospitality; Surprise birthday party for Miss Constance King in the Model Nursery School in the basement of the Palace of Education; Gus Arnheim and his orchestra will give three concerts daily at the Exposition as a special attraction of the Jubilee Week closing festivities.

San Diego Herald, November 7, 1935, 6:2. Café of the World . . . the most talked about, heard about dining and wining place in existence.

San Diego Herald, November 7, 1935. 6:4. Big program planned for Armistice Day, by Wilfrid M. Clare; reenaction of the signing of the Armistice in the evening by the Barn Players.

San Diego Union, November 7, 1935, II, 1:2. Belcher receives watch; Exposition directors honored.

November 8, 1935. Program – Ford V-8 Lucky Day, Hotel Day, Alaska Day, Jubilee Week.

San Diego Union, November 8, 1935, 7:2-3. Roster of famous visitors reads like Who’s Who of World.

San Diego Union, November 9, 1935, 1:1-2. Program – Fresno State College Day, Latter-Day Saints Day, Voice Culture Day, Kids’ Day, Art Mart, Pacific Coast Newspapermen’s Day, San Diego State College Day, Jubilee Week.

San Diego Union, November 9, 1935, 1:3, 2:7. Exposition to reopen January 15; to continue until September 9.

San Diego Union, November 9, 1935, 1:7, 2:2. Barbara Watson will be crowned Exposition queen at a Children’s Day program at the Organ Amphitheater at two p.m. today.

San Diego Union, November 9, 1935, II, 10:1. Sourdoughs of Alaska’s gold rush hold Exposition reunion.

San Diego Union, November 9, 1935, II, 10:4-5. Exposition to combine Armistice Day and 1935 closing observance.

November 10, 1935. Program – Senator McAdoo Day, Camp Baldy Day, Loyola University Day, Whittier Day, California State Chamber of Commerce Day, Fresno State College Day, Art Mart, Parents & Kiddies’ Day, Jubilee Week.

November 11, 1935. Program – Armistice Day, Subscribers’ Day, President Frank G. Belcher Day, Parents & Kiddies’ Day, Art Mart, Jubilee Week.

San Diego Union, November 11, 1935, 1:8, 2:1. Strato balloon hop today in a rock-walled natural bowl, eleven miles southwest of Rapid City, South Dakota.

San Diego Union, November 11, 1935, 1:5, 2:4. Senator William Gibbs McAdoo spoke at the Organ Amphitheater yesterday afternoon; visions a permanent Exposition as an institution of international relations for the nations of the Pacific.

San Diego Union, November 11, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: Tonight and After – Early next year, the same Exposition will open again, and San Diego will make its bid for the title of the nation’s Exposition city.

San Diego Union, November 11, 1935, II, 1:2. 1935 Exposition officially ends at midnight; military pageant will be feature of last program.

San Diego Union, November 11, 1935, II, 1:5. Music prevails in Festivities as Exposition nears end, by Wallace Moody.

November 11, 1935. THE RISING TIDE by Richard Pourade (San Diego, 1967)

1. 224. The 1935 Fair closed on November 11. The exposition corporation had spent $1,250,000 of its own money, of which $650,000 had come from paid-in subscriptions, $300,000 from advance ticket sales, and $300,000 from the sale of exhibit space. The books were closed with $315,833 in the bank, enough to return half of what had been advanced and $70,000 in reserve to restore park areas to their former condition.

Total attendance was 4,784, 811.

The reopening was scheduled for February 12. . . . The Fair never reached the attendance of 1935.

Too many of the exhibits were no longer new and there was competition from fairs in other sections

of the country. The Ford Company, along with the other major exhibitors, reduced or changed their

exhibits. The magic had faded. The fair would stagger on until midnight on September 9, 1936,

but the number of visitors to both fairs would reach 7,220,000.

November 12, 1935. Minutes of the regular meeting of the Park Commission held in the Administration Building, Balboa Park, November 12th, 1935, at 4:00 o’clock. Members present: Commissioners Otto, Naylor and Yale.

The Meeting was called to order by the President, Commissioner Otto.

Minutes of the meeting of October 8th were approved and read.

A letter was received from the San Diego Floral Association with the request that their building be returned to them at the close of the Exposition. The Secretary was instructed to notify them that their request will be given consideration by the Commission at the proper time.

Communications were received from Ashton Dearholt and the local Chamber of Commerce relative to the Burroughs-TARZAN-Enterprises securing movie rights within Balboa Park and the use of a park building for a sound stage. The Secretary was instructed to notify the company that action on the part of the Commission is impossible at this time, but they would be glad to cooperate when the park is again available for such use. Upon the suggestion of Mr. Naylor, Mr. Otto agreed to discuss the matter with the officials of the Exposition to see if they would be in a position to act upon the proposition.

Mr. Yale presented a petition requesting the City to enter into a lease for a period of five years with one Dan Nothrup for Pueblo Lot 1340 at a rental of $150.00. It was duly moved, seconded and carried that the petition be approved and referred to the City Attorney for the drawing of the lease.

Discussion of the proposal to remove the clipped acacias along the Prado. Mr. Morley reported that the Exposition desired to remove these and replace them with Cocos plumosa in order to develop certain lighting effects. A letter was received requesting that as few changes as possible be made along the main avenues through the park. It was the opinion of the Commission that the matter should be given considerable discussion before any action was taken.

It was suggested by Mr. Yale that a letter expressing the sympathy and best wishes of the Park Commissioners be addressed to Sydney Hill. So ordered.

Upon motion, seconded and carried, the meeting adjourned.

Signed W. Allen Perry, Secretary.

Source?, November 12, 1935. Record set by crowd at Exposition with 83,238; a grand total of 4,784,411 persons have passed through the gates since May 29.

Source?, November 12, 1935. Ford exhibit leads at Exposition with 2,722,765; Midget Village was tops among concessions with 375,000.

Source?, November 12, 1935. Notables of world were Fair visitors.

Source?, November 12, 1935. Expo finale ends without arrests.

Source?, November 12, 1935. Workmen busy preparing Expo for 1936 opening.

San Diego Union, November 12, 1935, 1:8, 2:5-6. 76,000 jam Exposition for closing; lights out as bugler blows taps; attendance sets record; ceremonies held at Organ Amphitheater and Plaza del Pacifico at midnight.

San Diego Union, November 12, 1935, 2:1. 30th Infantry to be back next year.

San Diego Union, November 12, 1935, 3:7. Federal Housing Administration Model Town to remain for Exposition next year.

San Diego Union, November 12, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: "Agency of Peace" – Claim for Exposition as a peace factor is negligible; it is a first-rate Exposition and that’s enough reason to renew it for next year.

San Diego Union, November 13, 1935, 1:7-8, 2:2. Belcher plunges into work for better Exposition next year.

San Diego Herald, November 14, 1935, 1:1-4. Exposition closes; Mexican gambling may return; fight against dominion of San Diego’s Fair by alien slickers is fight in which all citizens must take part.

San Diego Union, November 14, 1935, 1:7, 2:7. Plans for Exposition next year begin to take shape.

San Diego Union, November 15, 1935, 3:2-3. Military funeral of Major General J. E. Kuhn held at Organ Amphitheater yesterday afternoon.

San Diego Union, November 15, 1935, 5:6-7. Changes ordered for Gold Gulch, Midway.

San Diego Union, November 16, 1935, 1:2, 2:5. Exotic lights to enhance Exposition again; exhibitors already busy.

San Diego Union, November 16, 1935, 5:5. Winner of Exposition Model Home due here tomorrow.

San Diego Union, November 16, 1935, 5:6. Belle Benchley urges Exposition to provide entrance to Zoo.

San Diego Union, November 17, 1935, 1:8, 6:1. Federal aid is sought for permanent Exposition center.

San Diego Union, November 17, 1935, 1:7, 6:2. 30th Infantry breaks camp; heads for north today.

San Diego Union, November 18, 1935, 1:7, 3:2. WPA promises Nursery School at 1936 Exposition.

San Diego Union, November 18, 1935, 3:4. Roberto M. Muller arrives, takes keys to Casa de Tempo.

San Diego Union, November 18, 1935, 5:1. Albert S. Hill, assistant park chief, succumbs; secretary of city Park Board; kept books for Balboa Park for more than 15 years.

San Diego Union, November 18, 1935, II, 8:1. "Falstaff" plans to be at Tavern as Exposition reopens.

November 19, 1935. Letter, Julius Wangenheim to Subscribers, California Room, San Diego Public Library.

Subscriptions $650,000

Advance tickets 300,000

Exhibit space 300,000

SERA funds 800,000

Expenditures by Ford,

Standard Oil, etc.

Expenditures $1,250,000

Cash on hand 270,164.90

Amounts due from

Government and others $75,000 reserve to put Balboa Park

Less adequate reserves 82,528.64 back in shape

Total 352,693.54

Indebtedness 36,859.63

Balance $ 315,833.91

San Diego Union, November 19, 1935, 1:2, 2:8. Council, Exposition heads to revise agreement for 1936 control.

San Diego Union, November 19, 1935, 1:5, 2:6. Citrus industry, Housing Bureau plans major new exhibits at Exposition.

San Diego Union, November 19, 1935, 9:4. Nine Pershing Drive lights included in new contract.

San Diego Union, November 20, 1935, 1:7, 2:3. Council agrees on conditions of Exposition ordinance.

San Diego Union, November 20, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: Today’s Agreements.

Source?, November 21, 1935. Expo gaming to be banned during 1936; City officials vote end to "Borderline" playing.; other conditions and restrictions.

San Diego Herald, November 21, 1935, 6:2-3. Prospects for 1936 Exposition brighter than ever; Fair managers see mistakes.

San Diego Union, November 21, 1935, 1:7-8, 2:2. More beauty, finer exhibits being provided for 1936.

San Diego Union, November 21, 1935, 3:5-6. Directors approve City’s Exposition control ordinance.

San Diego Union, November 22, 1935, 1:5, 2:4. State to increase exhibits; cities, counties to return with wider programs.

San Diego Union, November 23, 1935, 2:8. Exposition gate open for visits to city institutions in Balboa Park.

San Diego Union, November 23, 1935, 7:1. Financing told; new exhibits sought in East.

San Diego Union, November 23, 1935, 7:3. Big snake house planned at Zoo; rare species sought.

San Diego Union, November 24, 1935, 11:2. Buildings, grounds to have change of dress.

San Diego Union, November 24, 1935, Building, 2:5. Rock Garden in patio of House of Pacific Relations wins $300 award; designed by Fred H. Wylie.

San Diego Union, November 24, 1935, Classified, 10:1. Press Building to reopen.

San Diego Union, November 25, 1935, 1:7-8. Dr. Harry M. Wegeforth and C. B. Perkins sail in search of rare animals for San Diego Zoo.

San Diego Union, November 26, 1935, 1:4, 2:2. More than 400 cadets of the San Diego High Schools ROTC joined with Army Reserve officers in field maneuvers in Balboa Park yesterday afternoon.

San Diego Union, November 27, 1935, II, 1:5. After a unanimous report from his advisory committee, the City Manager yesterday afternoon approved the removal of some acacia trees along Laurel Street in the Exposition grounds.

San Diego Union, November 28, 1935, 1:1-2, 2:8. Aircraft companies discuss giant exhibits for Exposition.

San Diego Union, November 30, 1935, 1:3, 2:2. Zoo begins new amphitheater for 1936 Exposition; new light scheme for night display; trained animals.

San Diego Union, December 1, 1935, 1:2, 14:1. Exposition anticipates record-breaking 1936 attendance; schedule special events.

San Diego Union, December 3, 1935, 1;7-8, 2:5. Balboa Park organ to be designed in flowers for Rose Bowl float.

San Diego Union, December 3, 1935, 9:1. San Diego Zoo has only captive Alaskan seals.

San Diego Union, December 4, 1935, 1:6, 2;2. Exposition to release Pepper Grove to free public use; Indian Village turned back; Councilmen, Exposition leaders map plans.

San Diego Union, December 4, 1935, 12:2. Exposition to unveil bust of Will Rogers.

San Diego Union, December 4, 1935, 12:5. $35,000 in improvements to Café of the World, Palisades Café, and International Drug Co.

San Diego Herald, December 5, 1935, 2:2. Exposition looks good, but action lacking; Councilmen violate charter in Siebert appointment; Tijuana open.

San Diego Union, December 5, 1935, 1:7, 2:5. Family fun zone planned; beauty stressed; Enchanted Island, lagoon, elaborate night lighting; new concessions; hurdy-gurdy Midway of last season has been demolished.

San Diego Union, December 5, 1935, 8:1. Council to act Tuesday on Exposition control measure.

San Diego Union, December 6, 1935, 4:1. EDITORIAL: The Exposition and the Park.

San Diego Union, December 6, 1935, 5:5-6. Elwood F. Bailey says Exposition policy is "accent on youth"; fun being planned for young people of all ages.

San Diego Union, December 6, 1935, 7:1. On the night of December 23, a Yuletide chorus of 4,000 will sing at a Christmas tree at 6th Avenue and Laurel Street in Balboa Park.

San Diego Union, December 7, 1935, 9:1. Hollywood Secrets, Playback, and Revue of the Nations planned at Exposition’s Fun zone.

San Diego Union, December 8, 1935, 1:1, 14:1. Businessmen form group in four sections to boost Exposition; volunteer committee plans canvass of leading United States concerns.

San Diego Union, December 8, 1935, Sports, 3:3-5. 1915 Exposition’s $10,000 road race a headliner.

San Diego Union, December 9, 1935, 1:3, 2:5. Work rushed as Exposition opening plans are made.

December 10, 1935. Minutes of the regular meeting of the Park Commission held in the Administration Building, Balboa Park, December 10th, 1935 at 4:00 o’clock. Members present: Otto, Yale and Naylor.

The meeting was called to order at 4:00 p.m. by the president, Commissioner Otto.

A letter was received from J.H. McKinney, Deputy City Attorney, advising the Commission that a lease for residential purposes of Pueblo Lot 1340 would be illegal. Mr. McKinney had previously recommended the lease. Due to this reversal of opinion, it was moved by Mr. Naylor, 2nd by Mr. Yale, that the Commission withdraw its recommendation in favor of the lease. Motion carried.

A letter was received from Mrs. Muriel Simpson requesting suspension of that portion of the terms of the merry-go-round agreement requiring the payment of a $500.00 minimum fee. Upon the recommendation of the Park Director, it was moved by Mr. Naylor, seconded by Mr. Yale, that the Commission recommend the suspension of the $500.00 minimum for the year 1936. Motion carried.

A request was received from Thor Eriksen, Activity Director of the Army & Navy YMCA, for special rates at the Municipal Golf course for service personnel. Since similar requests had been denied to the Fire and Police Departments and other organizations, it was moved by Mr. Yale, 2nd by Mr. Naylor, that the request be denied, and the Secretary instructed to inform Mr. Eriksen that facilities of the club house would gladly be made available to a service golf club if such is organized. Motion carried.

Mr. Morley presented plans for a fishing pier at Sunset Cliffs, submitted to him by the City Manager. After an inspection of the plans, it was moved by Mr. Yale, 2nd by Mr. Naylor, that they be approved. Motion carried.

Discussion of grading, surfacing and making proper improvements in the parking area of the golf course before the rainy season. It was moved by Mr. Naylor, 2nd by Mr. Yale, that the Commission concur with the recommendations of the Park Director in completing this parking area by grading, providing drainage, resurfacing or oiling this parking area. Motion carried.

The Secretary was instructed to arrange a conference with the City Manager, at which time the Commission might discuss problems arising from the Exposition.

After discussion it was moved by Mr. Naylor, 2nd by Mr. Yale, that the Park Commission gratefully accept the palms offered by Mr. Otto for improvement of the area along Sixth Avenue. Motion carried.

Upon motion, seconded and carried, the meeting adjourned.

Signed W. Allen Perry, Secretary.

San Diego Union, December 10, 1935, 1:6, 2:5. Exposition promised Ford exhibit; displays from Pan-American Highways and General Motors expected soon; music plans told.

San Diego Union, December 11, 1935, 1:2, 2:6. $600,000 Mission Bay Park job to start; President Roosevelt has approved expenditure.

San Diego Union, December 11, 1935, 3:2-3. Gildred praises Exposition backers; outlines 1936 objectives.

San Diego Union, December 11, 1935, 3:2-3. Council asked to face high cost of Exposition nose-powdering.

San Diego Herald, December 12, 1935, 2:2-3. Barter, Davis and Van Dusen must quit Exposition or community faith in integrity of directors will cease.

San Diego Herald, December 12, 1935, 2:1. Exposition.

San Diego Union, December 12, 1935, 1:4, 2:5. O. S. Harper named new works head as Exposition plans expansion.

San Diego Union, December 13, 1935, 1:4, 2:5. Standard Oil announces new exhibit in 1936.

San Diego Union, December 13, 1935, 9:1. Manager of the Ripley Odditorium fined $150 for exhibiting deformed persons in California for pay.

San Diego Union, December 14, 1935, 5:6-7. Joseph W. Kendall named music director for 1936.

San Diego Union, December 15, 1935, 14:1-3. Work will begin tomorrow on fun zone of modernistic design, "different from anything ever seen before".

San Diego Union, December 19, 1935, 5:5-7. Representatives of Steel Buildings, Inc. and Santa Fe Railway spent hours at Exposition yesterday, determining the nature and location of new exhibits.

San Diego Union, December 22, 1935, 1:1-2, 4:7. Belcher returns from East; reports new exhibits, great interest.

San Diego Union, December 22, 1935, II, 1:7, 2:2. Enchanted Isle to be children’s paradise.

San Diego Union, December 24, 1935, 2:4. Federal funds will be sought for exhibit.

San Diego Union, December 25, 1935, 10:8. Dr. E. L. Hardy appointed director of San Diego Museum of Science.

San Diego Union, December 27, 1935, 1:8. Kidnappers slug, rob man; left bound in Powder House Canyon, just north of Pershing Drive.

San Diego Union, December 27, 1935, II, 1:2. Ancient Indian display in Palace of Science for 1936 Exposition to show southland before white man; old dwellings contrast with model homes of FHA exhibit; Maya replicas featured; Malcolm Rogers, director.

San Diego Union, December 28, 1935, 5:1-3. Zoo president, herpetologist to start voyage for far places for rare animals.

San Diego Union, December 29, 1935, 9:5-6. Fun zone space sold out; exhibit places filling fast.

San Diego Union, December 29, 1935, II, 1:1, 2:1. Exposition will add $6 million permanent value in Balboa Park.

San Diego Union, December 31, 1935, II, 1:2. Exposition announces February 26 as date of 1936 opening.

 

CALIFORNIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION, 1935

EXPOSITION PLANS: FILE 23, SERRA HISTORICAL RESEARCH LIBRARY

SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS IN THE EXPOSITION AREA OF BALBOA PARK, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA FOR THE 1936 EXPOSITION

submitted by Richard Requa, Consulting Architect for the Exposition

During the period of the 1935 Exposition I was almost daily in attendance and devoted a great deal of my time and attention to the study of the general plan and arrangement of the buildings and landscaping, studying in detail the elements and features, observing the movements and attitude of the throngs of visitors and noting their comments and criticisms. The purpose of these studies and observations was to formulate ideas and suggestions for additions and changes that I could recommend for the general improvement of the buildings and grounds, in the event it was decided to continue the Exposition during the following year, 1936.

At the request of the management have, from my notes made during the past six months, compiled a list of definite recommendations which I am herewith submitting for consideration. These I have classified under sub-headings more or less in the order of desirability or importance as follows:

1. Main East Entrance

1. West Entrance

1. Plaza del Futuro

1. California or West Plaza

1. Street to the Midway and Amusement Area

1. Botanical Building

1. Court of Honor

1. Main avenue between Organ and Water and Transportation Building

1. Palisades area

1. General Improvements, Painting and Repairs

1. General Landscaping Suggestions

1. Lighting

Main East Entrance

This entrance at the east end of the Avenida de los Palacios proved to be the important entrance to the Exposition during 1935. It is far from being well planned or as impressive as such an important entrance to an Exposition should be. My original plan for a large and impressive Plaza at the east entrance was abandoned on account of expense. Of course, it would be out of the question to attempt to develop it now, due to expense and lack of time. However, very material improvements can be made here with very little expense and without removing or materially changing any of the work now in place.

The group of three banner poles immediately in front of the Arcade leading to the street cars can be improved in appearance, first by a more interesting and profuse planting arrangement at the base, adding an additional line of planting boxes below and extending beyond the present boxes. The mirror reflector suspended from the top of the poles was never properly worked out to produce the effect intended. This could easily be made an interesting feature and throw reflections over the area of the Plaza from the spotlight located in the base.

Formal trees in boxes, with flowers at the base, could be provided at all arch supports on the street car arcade on the side facing the Plaza.

It is extremely important that the plain wire fence on the west side of the thoroughfare north and south through this Plaza should be made more interesting, and a part of the entrance architectural scheme. In fact, it would be a good plan also to give an architectural treatment to the wire fence on the opposite side of the thoroughfare.

I would suggest removing the high banner poles which are now installed on either side of the Avenida de los Palacios between this east entrance and the street leading to the Midway and re-erect these poles along the iron fence on either side of the thoroughfare. I would suggest that on top of the wire fence there should be a shelter or roof and at the base there should be benches separated with planting boxes between, the boxes to contain quick-growing flowering vines to train up over the wire fence with a line of bright flowers of uniform color in front of the boxes. The banners on the triple banner poles and the poles along the fence should be made much longer and more impressive and properly lighted at night.

I recommend that the north set of turnstiles on the line north of the entrance gates be removed and the opening closed with a lattice similar to that used along the entrance treatment. I also recommend that the north set of turnstiles be remove on the line south of the entrance gates and that the set of exit turnstiles at the south end of this line near the pass booth be moved to this location. The reason for this, first --- that there are more turnstiles at this entrance than are required. Second --- that the exit turnstiles moved up near the center will be much more convenient and used to a greater extent than as at present arranged. The south exit turnstiles were very seldom used during the last Exposition. Another important reason for this change is that it provides a space at the north and south end of the entrance for a fine massing of trees, shrubs and flower. This is particularly necessary on the north side so there will be a tall and interesting mass to break the view of the east wing of the Natural History Museum which is painfully obtrusive.

The floodlights for the entrance Plaza should, if possible, be treated more decoratively or made less obtrusive.. This particularly applies to the group of floodlights erected on the corner of the Natural History Museum, which are particularly crude and distracting.

The space immediately inside the entrance gate is entirely too constricted and lacking in character. This was a subject of considerable criticism during the 1935 Fair. I recommend that the iron fence inside the grounds, directly in front of the turnstiles, be removed; also, the grass plots and group of six trees on either side of the Avenida de los Palacios directly in front of the gates and the main entrance to the Natural History Museum on the north side and the roadway which formerly led to the Gold Gulch, and this whole space be incorporated in a open plaza treatment. In the center of these two plots, now occupied by trees, there could be interesting, bubbling fountains or, if this is not feasible on account of expense, two very fine beds of palms, ferns and tropical plants. It is highly important that some extremely interesting feature be provided in these locations.

It might be advisable to redecorate and change the color scheme of the entire entrance, including the canvas roof over the turnstiles. The present canvas could be painted if it is in good condition. I feel it is of utmost importance that changes be made in this entrance as a first impression made upon visitors has a great influence on their attitude and reception of an Exposition. I also believe that changes here, as suggested, would do more than any other feature to give a new and improved character to the Fair.

West Entrance

Very little change or improvement can be suggested for this entrance. It is highly important, because of the fine and unusual vista of the bridge, California tower and surrounding landscape that this entrance be kept simple and unostentatious, with must enough color and landscape treatment to give it the proper effect of a main entrance to an Exposition. A group of tall palms with a base planting of flowering plants on either side of this entrance at the corners where the road turns into the entrance would add much to the beauty and effectiveness. Two tall banner poles might rise from the center of this group, all adequately floodlighted at night. Additional and better planting in boxes might also be provided on both sides of the line of turnstiles, also plants on the roof, showing above the parapets of the two buildings flanking the central gates.

The CPIE letters on these gates will necessarily have to be changed, if the name of the Exposition is changed.

Plaza del Futuro

When first proposed, I was not very enthusiastic about erecting an arch and providing pools for this Plaza. I was later convinced that they are a desirable feature. However, while at night the illumination of the Tower and the reflection of surrounding buildings in the pools were wonderfully effective, the general aspect of the group was disappointing in the daytime, and lacking in interest. The lines of the Tower are straight and hard, made purposely so in order not to conflict with the beauty of surrounding buildings. It is very necessary to provide in the pools plant life and features to attract attention during the daylight hours.

In order to give the Tower more pleasing proportions and a more friendly tie with the adjoining pools, I suggest that on the north and south sides of the Tower a curb wall be installed to a height a little above the water line and extending in graceful lines and curbs out into the pools to a distance in the center of at least twenty or twenty-five feet. The space enclosed to be made watertight, filled with earth which would slope up to a height approximately five feet against the Towers. This area to be planted with palms and other semitropical plants and bright colored flowers. Within the planting area and near the curb wall between the plants and the water to provide a small fountain, with its own basin. The water from the fountains to be conducted into and to supply the large pools with the fresh water required. These fine planting areas extending out into the pools would give much the effect of floating gardens as have been so much admired at Xochimilco near the City of Mexico.

The planting might also be brought around onto the sides and flank the great arch on either side with high palms or formal trees that would reach well upward toward the opening provided for the loudspeakers.

I would recommend that the two loudspeaker openings at the ends of each side of the arch be closed. That is, the ornamental border removed and the opening stuccoed over to match the wall. I suggest that planting boxes with flowers be provided in the large openings in the top of the Tower.

There is a very great need for some interesting treatment at the two end corners of both pools. I suggest that first, a proper raised base be provided in the corners and a tall slender vase be placed on these pedestals. These vases to be approximately eight feet high and to be filled with flowering plants and trailing vines. In the pools in front of these vases, curb walls to be installed projecting into the pool to provide planting spaces and the floating garden effect similar to the treatment against the arch tower. These additions would not seriously interfere with the reflection surfaces which it is so very important to retain for night effects. If possible, swans or other interesting water fowl should be provided for additional life and interest in the pools during the daytime. I suggest that the planting against the present curb walls of the pools be made much heavier and that additional planting spaces be provided for in front for low-growing flowering plants. This space to be broken occasionally along the sides for the introduction of benches.

I wish to suggest that planting boxes or some interesting display of flower and vines be tried in the two towers that face on this Plaza.

I recommend that all concessions and refreshment booths be eliminated from the Plaza and also the small booths leading down toward the organ and, perhaps, even the group of booths on the curving road facing the organ. This, of course, also includes the checking stand. The spaces between the palm trees might be filled with bright beds of flowers or flowering shrubs.

For consideration I would like to suggest eliminating the planting in the long central area between the balustrade behind the horse and the organ for the following reasons:

The flag pole where the flag-lowering ceremonies took place every evening was not well located in front of the Fine Arts Building as there was not sufficient room around the pool for onlookers to congregate. I suggest moving this pole to the south end of the area formerly occupied by the petunias. I believe it would be much more effective in that location, with the organ as a background, and the people could congregate in the large area to the north. This free space would also provide room for spectators when important entertainments or functions are being held on the organ platform. It would further supply an open Plaza, which is frequently needed in the center of an Exposition group, and which was formerly supplied in the 1915 Exposition by the Plaza de Panama.

I believe that on this cross-axis from the Fine Arts Building on the north to the organ on the south should be provided the great spectacular lighting feature of the Exposition. It is needless to suggest that the old-style lighting should be changed in the building housing the organ. I believe that a moving and changing lighting effect would be wonderfully impressive in the area, starting, perhaps, with the broad facade of the Fine Arts Gallery, traveling along the walls of the flanking buildings, then the towers and trees, the arch and the planting in the pools, and on down to the organ, perhaps culminating in a high shaft projecting from the center of the turntable on which the arc lights are placed. For a startling theatrical effect this shaft could be covered with small sections of mirrors, spotlighted in such a way as to reflect interesting and kaleidoscopic color effects. Another idea would be to have light-colored smoke issue from an outlet in the center of the turntable, on which colored lights could play.

California or West Plaza

Undoubtedly some serious attention should be given to this Plaza for the coming Exposition as it was more than uninviting, it was positively dreary. As this Plaza will have very little use, I suggest that colorful flower beds be provided in the area south of the main avenue, passing through. Additional planting could also be done on the north side on either side of the steps leading from the former California Building. The border around the tree boxes should be repainted, panels re-varnished, and better appearing formal trees planted in the boxes to replace the poor specimens of orange trees. Some effort should be made to attract visitors down to this end of the grounds. I hope that something more in the nature of Exposition exhibits can be installed in these buildings surrounding the California Plaza.

Street to the Midway and Amusement Area

The present banner poles along this street, I believe, should be maintained, with, perhaps, a change in banners which could be made longer. The lighting arms should be changed so as to throw the light on the banners and shield it from the eyes of people passing along the street.

I feel it is very important than some great arch or similar feature be provided at the north end of the street near the entrance to the Spanish Village. The view up this street toward the Midway was never interesting or inviting. It might even be well to consider pennants or something of similar nature hung across the street and attached to the banner poles along the entire avenue from the Avenida de los Palacios to the Amusement Zone.

Regarding the creation of a typical Mexican village as the main feature of the Midway, I am greatly interested in the idea. I feel it can be made a feature attraction of our Fair next year. However, I trust it can be worked out as a truly typical village such as can be found in Mexico and southern Spain, instead of the fantastic creation which was built last year and called the Spanish Village. I have traveled through hundreds of villages in Spain, Mexico, Cuba and Panama and other sections of Spanish America and I realize that if this feature is to be a real attraction, it must be honest and typical in all its details. The exhibitors and artisans must be real Mexicans, making and selling real Mexican wares. I would suggest some radical changes in the present Spanish Village so it can tie in and harmonize with the Mexican Village which, I understand, it is proposed to build adjoining.

Botanical Building and Surrounding Area

Undoubtedly the finest single feature on the Exposition grounds was the Botanical Building and the Lily Ponds. These should be preserved substantially the same as during the past year with possible improvements in the planting against the Botanical Building and facing the upper Lily Pond. Planting for more tropical effect and of a richer green, I believe, would be an improvement.

For proper architectural effect and to add still more interest, planting boxes should be provided on the ledge over the stucco walls on the south side of the two wings of the Horticultural Building. The space between the top of the arches and the present parapet wall is not sufficient for a good architectural effect and the addition of colored flowers and vines would be an improvement.

I feel that the great expanse of dark brown wood in the lattice work of the superstructure of this building is rather monotonous and heavy for the light stucco base. I would suggest the introduction of a foliage-green stain on certain parts of this work. This would be particularly effective on a portion of the vertical lattice face of the central portion of the building, facing the pool, and also on the raised bands spaced along the arched dome over the east and west wings.

The terrace and loggia opening from the Food and Beverage Building onto the garden of the Horticultural group should be treated in some interesting manner. It was painfully bare and uninteresting during the Exposition just passed. I suggest that the flower beds and, perhaps, hanging fern baskets in the arches as proposed before the opening of the Exposition just passed, be reconsidered for the treatment of this area.

Court of Honor

I was not satisfied with the location of the Court of Honor. Its use for special functions where the general public was not admitted was subject to considerable criticism. Its location, tucked in behind the Café of the World, did not give enough distinction to this very important Court, where the distinguished visitors of the Fair were honored and entertained. The visitors to the Fair, particularly if they had only a short time to visit the grounds, resented the closing off of the area for the use of these special functions. It was also necessary at each reception to erect an awning between the two lily ponds, and also the pavilions in the Court.

I would like to suggest for consideration the moving of the Court of Honor to the large grassed area surrounded by tall trees and on the point where splendid vistas could be had over interesting sections of the Park and the Fair grounds. This area is directly south of the Alcazar Gardens and was seldom visited and little used during the Exposition. The entrance to this Court would be through the beautiful Alcazar Gardens. The ground slopes naturally away toward the south where the present pergola could be readily converted into a place for the reception line. Directly in front of the pergola, I would suggest a large pool which would be fed by the overflow from the fountains in the Alcazar Gardens; this water is now wasted down the hillside. Instead of temporary canvas pavilions, several suitable pavilions should be erected of more permanent material, which could be left in place during the Exposition. This area is so cut away from the rest of the Exposition that in would in no way interfere with the general sightseeing of the grounds.

Main Avenue Between Organ and Water and Transportation Building

The areas bordering this roadway should be given a great deal of careful consideration as it is the connecting link between the old Exposition buildings and the new, and was, perhaps, the busiest thoroughfare on the grounds. The California Gardens on one side were far from being interesting and were inspected by very few people. The treatment on the other side was hardly even noticed. I wish to suggest that in the center of the former California Gardens one of the floral features of the new Exposition be developed. I first had in mind a huge basket of gigantic proportions, such as I saw in the public park in Valencia, Spain. The basket was entirely covered with roses in bloom and created a never-to-be forgotten impression. However, after investigation I feel it would take entirely too long to develop the plants in such a creation and suggest in its place a huge wide-spreading vase at least twelve-feet high. It could be built of frame work and stuccoed with a shallow receptacle on the top made of wood and covered with composition roofing to hold the necessary soil for the plants. This soil would be raised in the center for effect and provided with automatic sprinklers. This vase is to be kept full of plants with large flowers in scale with the size of the vase, such as hydrangeas when in season, with long-trailing vines hanging over the edges of the vase. Other garden accessories should be provided if possible, including some choice pieces of statuary, if they can be secured. The rest of the area divided into spaces for masses of flowering plants.

I suggest that between the banner poles along this avenue, Italian Cypresses be planted approximately five or six feet apart. Such cypress-bordered avenues are frequently seen in Spain and Italy and are an important feature of their landscaped gardens.

On the west side of the avenue could be other tropical gardens in which a background of fruiting bananas could be featured. In that location, protected from the wind by the tall trees in the background they could be made to grow and develop as luxuriantly as in the tropics and would be a most interesting feature for our visitors from other sections of the country. I trust that fortune-telling concessions will be prohibited the use of this street and I also recommend that at least one group of refreshment stands be removed. The banners for the triple flag poles at both entrances should be redesigned and made larger and mirror pendants should also be redesigned to give the effect originally intended.

Palisades Area

I have no changes of importance to suggest for the treatment of this area. I sincerely trust that the building occupied by the Hollywood Hall of Fame can be put to more strictly Exposition uses and that the offending signs can be removed. Minor improvements should be made in the architectural effect of the Palisades restaurant and the Neon sign removed from the entrance. The decorations at the entrances to the exhibit buildings may have to be modified and changed if the buildings are used for other purposes than originally planned for. It would be possible to make the ornamentation on such buildings as the Water and Transportation Building, State Building, and Palace of Electricity and Varied Industries a little more pronounced and attractive by darkening and adding a slight polychrome effect.

The boxes on the parapets of the Palace of Electricity and Varied Industries and State Building should be replanted immediately to flowering plants and vines better suited to the purpose than were used this past year. My original plans were to produce definite color effect in the planting of these buildings which because of lack of time and scarcity of plants were not carried out. The boxes on one building should be filled with flowering plants of one definite and pronounced color which would contrast with another color scheme at the base of the building. The building on the opposite side of the Plaza would have its color scheme carried out in the same way but using other colors. The Plaza immediately south of the Standard Oil Building could well be retained as a flower garden. The plants should be better massed and cared for than during the past year and the plot given more of the real character of landscape architecture. The suggestion is made that there could be a massing of suitable trees and shrubs at the corners and particularly around the date palm which now forms the center feature.

Improvement should be made in the mass planting at the bases of the buildings in this area, particularly the Federal Building. The planting of the side hills and around the pool in the canyon across the roadway east of the Standard Oil Building should be augmented and improved. Some architectural garden features could well be added in this area and this could be supplied with large vases of modern character filled with flowering plants and vines. These could be located on the corners of each plot occupied by buildings, on the sides facing the Plaza.

General Improvements - Painting and Repairs

All banners, window awnings, etc. should be redesigned and changed in character. All superfluous booths and concessions should be removed. This particularly applies to the roadways leading down to the organ and the Palisades and the group between the State Building and the Ford Building. I sincerely hope that the Nudist Colony can be done away with and the beautiful canyon opened up to the public. It will be a marvelous feature right at our main entrance and worth much more to the Exposition as a general Exposition feature than as a concession for any purpose.

There should be a great deal of general painting throughout the grounds. Much of the ornamental work on the old Exposition buildings and particularly the run moldings require repainting. The window sash forming a part of the ornamental treatment in the upper part of these buildings, and the main entrance doors should be painted in a more agreeable color than the present brown. The tops of all parapets and cornice projections should be carefully inspected to see that they are waterproof so as not to permit water to enter the stucco and ornamental work.

The imitation tile on all the towers will have to repainted and varnished. When this is done, I would like to give some consideration to changing some of the color effects.

Painted pots and vases throughout the grounds should be repainted. Consideration should be given to changing the colors of some of these pots.

General Landscaping Suggestions

While the landscaping features of our 1935 Exposition attracted much favorable attention, the real success of the landscaping was due to the splendid mass planting which had developed from the 1915 Exposition. While it might be stated that the floral display was good, it did not begin to demonstrate the floral possibilities in Southern California nor produce the effects that can be easily obtained.

The public demands theatrical effects in an Exposition, spectacular effects in landscaping as well as in buildings. Flower gardens of specimen plants and flowers interest only the professional and expert in floriculture. Much more attention should be given to massed floral effects in the coming Exposition.

The bed of flowers along each side of the Avenida de los Palacios should be widened and, perhaps, planted with a double row of flowering plants in contrasting colors. The flowers next to the curb to be lower with higher flowers to form the background. Massed effects of flowering plants or flowering shrubs could be introduced between the palm trees bordering the roads between the main Plaza and the organ. Where possible, the low wire fences which now serve as guards for grass plots should be replaced with low hedges or shrubs as the wire fences are unsightly and visitors are rather resentful of the use of such guards.

The barren hillsides which are too much in evidence from the Palisades section looking toward the east should receive considerable attention. A sprinkling system should be installed so that these hills and canyons between the Palisades and the east Exposition fence could be kept green throughout the period of the Fair. On these hills magnificent flower displays would be easy to produce and would be tremendously effective during the blooming season of the Spring. I would particularly suggest that the point between the C.C.C. Camp and running far to the south or the point behind the Federal Building be planted to California poppies. Perhaps nothing so impresses our eastern visitors than the great fields of California poppies to be seen in certain sections of Southern California.

More prominence should be given to paths leading to the bridges across Palm Canyon. I suggest that a rustic fence be erected along the off-hill side on the paths on both sides of the bridge and that some sort of suitable rustic entrance be provided at the entrance to these paths from each end. There is a gap in the planting on the east side of the Palm Canyon which should be filled in if possible, so as to cut off the view of the organ and thoroughfare that borders the canyon on the east side.

The landscaping in the area between the present headquarters and the House of Hospitality with its path leading down to what is known as the Persian rug fountain can be greatly improved and made more colorful. The ornamental jars which border this path should be filled with plants and flowers that will contrast with the general landscaping effect.

Lighting

No other single feature attracted so many people or called forth so much favorable comment as the night illumination. I have no criticisms or changes to suggest in the general lighting idea. However, I feel that some of the features might be improved, and that it is highly important that changes be made so as to produce something different for our new Exposition. In addition to general increased illumination or extended illumination, I feel that the matter of more concentrated illumination on the general entrances to the Exposition palaces should be considered, particularly along the Avenida de los Palacios. I suggest that a method of illumination be used on the main entrances that will give more character and relief to the ornament. This might be accomplished by a double lighting scheme, using the color from the lower end of the spectrum on the other side of each entrance, so as to produce the lights and shadows in harmonious colors.

Mobile lighting should be used somewhere on the grounds and preferably near the center of the Exposition. This idea I have previously noted in the suggestions for treatment of the Plaza del Futuro.

If possible, the street lighting should be subdued or provided with reflectors inside the Globes that will throw the strong concentrated light down on the pavement and not interfere with the color treatment on the buildings and trees.

I feel that it is quite important that the main entrances to the Exposition palaces, under the arcades, should be locally lighted so as to attract the eye to them. This could be accomplished by concealed lighting behind the arcades forming the building entrances, and between these arches and the entrance doors, directing the light down and into the entrance, thereby not interfering with the soft subdued lighting of the arcades.

I feel that more illumination should be provided for the Casa del Rey Moro Garden, particularly into the background of trees and I recommend a concealed underwater illumination for the lily pond. Wiring was provided for this purpose when the pool was built. I also suggest that the lighting of the Alcazar Garden should receive more consideration, particularly the surrounding trees. I trust some other means of lighting the gardens can be developed to take the place of the Mission Bells which are very objectionable in the daytime.

The Mission Bell illumination might be considered for more attractively lighting the paths leading to the Palm Canyon bridge.

Other lighting suggestions have been given in preceding sections.