Exposition Organization, January 1911

Director-General D. C. Collier

Secretary L. G. Monroe

Auditor C. A. Richardson

Director of Publicity Winfield Hogaboom

January 1911, "Park Commissioners and Landscape Architect Tell Floral Association of Park and Exposition Plans," California Garden, pp. 4-6.

January, 1911, "Why New York and Boston? A subscriber wants to know if eastern gardeners are good authority on what should be planted in Southern California," California Garden, pp. 6-7.

San Diego Union, January 2, 1911, 2:2, 3, 4. Diagram maps showing commercial relation of San Diego harbor to Latin American countries.

San Diego Union, January 2, 1911, 1:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Artist's drawing of ground plan of Exposition; John Olmsted outlines plans for grounds.

San Diego Union, January 2, 1911, 3:7, 5:1. Winfield Hogaboom, Director of Publicity, tells country of plans; declares city will profit, cites past experiences; much advertisement for city already obtained from varied sources

San Diego Union, January 2, 1911. San Diego Exposition will educate farmers according to Professor E. J. Wickson, head of the Department of Agriculture in the State University at Berkeley.

San Diego Union, January 2, 1911, 3:6. Latin Americans favor Exposition; Guatemala first country to signify intention of making exhibit.

San Diego Union, January 2, 1911, Exposition Section, 1:1-2, 6:1-3. Exposition Assured of Splendid Success.

San Diego Union, January 2, 1911, Exposition Section, 2:1. Director General confident fair will be big success.

San Diego Union, January 2, 1911, Exposition Section, 4:1-5. Spectacular Panama-California Exposition, San Diego, 1915.

San Diego Union, January 2, 1911, Exposition Section, 3:2-3. Commercial Field of Exposition.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, January 6, 1911, 10:1. F. P. Allen, Jr., director of works, comes to city well recommended; within 3 months will begin work on buildings.

San Diego Sun, January 6, 1911, 8:5. Allen to boost work on Exposition buildings.

San Diego Union, January 6, 1911, 1:1. Frank P. Allen, Jr. hired as Director of Works on January 5. . . Olmsteds had prepared plans for world's fair in Chicago, the Lewis and Clark Exposition in Portland, and the Alaska-Yukon Pacific Exposition in Seattle. Allen was Director of Works for the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition. Under his leadership, the Exposition was completed and ready on opening day.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, January 9, 1911, 5:5. To be Balboa Park or not to be Balboa Park?, that is the question; City legal department gives intimation that legislative enactment is necessary to legally change name.

January 10, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Contract of Olmsted Brothers for services as landscape architects for duration of San Diego Exposition accepted.

January 13, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Agreement of Panama-California Exposition offered and accepted; president of Board authorized to execute agreement with Exposition in relation to expenditures with the Division of Works..

January 17, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Olmsted and Dawson present; advised engagement of James Cummings as landscape gardener for park; to be paid $150 per month beginning January 15, 1911.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, January 19, 1911, 2:3. California not to ask for help for Exposition; resolution introduced at Sacramento will be rushed through and wired to Congress.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, January 20, 1911, 1. House Committee Favors Fair at New Orleans; Collier says action does not effect San Diego project.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, January 21, 1911, 7:1. Bertram G. Goodhue comes to study form and motif of architecture.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, January 21, 1911, 7:2. Will try to bring the Turn Verein to San Diego in 1915.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, January 21, 1911, 7:4. Exposition postcards being printed by the million.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, January 23, 1911, 5:4. Seek information relative to 1915 Fair and bond issue; Dillon, Thomson & Clay inadvertently led to believe both are too closely connected.

San Diego Union, January 23, 1911, 6:1. City could better lose Scripps than Spreckels.

San Diego Union, January 24, 1911, 7. Bertram Goodhue, noted designer, visitor in city.

San Diego Sun, January 25, 1911, 8:1. Big aviary is planned; many birds in park.

San Diego Sun, January 28, 1911, 8:1. Engage Goodhue to design Exposition buildings here.

San Diego Union, January 28, 1911, 10:3-4. George W. Marston interview: Bertram Goodhue hired as project architect in an advisory capacity January 27; to give general designs for the buildings and the composite for the whole group. He will have the deciding voice in all questions of design and artistic effect. He will give the complete plans and specifications for the most important buildings. Irving Gill will assist in amplifying plans and making drawings for Exposition buildings; Frederick L. Olmsted, architectural engineer, lauds Goodhue.

January 29, 1911. Mexicali captured by Magonista Liberal Party insurgents.

January 30, 1911. Memorandum of Agreement made and entered into this 30^th January 1911 by Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue, Architect of the City of New York, party of the first part, and the Panama-California Exposition, a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of California:

Goodhue to design either an Auditorium or Art Building; Gill to design one of the above; Other

buildings to be designed by Goodhue, Gill or "the division of works" of the Panama-California

Exposition Corporation.

(Panama-California Exposition Papers, San Diego Public Library)

San Diego Union, January 30, 1911, 7:1. Bill introduced in state legislature by Senator Wright and in assembly by Hinkle to give city authority to use any portion of Balboa Park to hold an Exposition in 1915; question of naming pleasure grounds settled by measure introduced in state legislature.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, January 31, 1911, 1. San Francisco wins in House over New Orleans.

San Diego Union, February 1, 1911, 1:1. Exposition coming to Pacific coast; San Francisco wins recognition from U.S. Government; vote is taken in House January 31; final ballot is 259 to 43; result greeted with wild enthusiasm.

San Diego Union, February 1, 1911, 4:1. EDITORIAL: San Francisco's Success . . . Meanwhile no part of the state will rejoice more heartily over San Francisco's preliminary victory than San Diego. This city's purpose to hold an Exposition in 1915 is closely associated with San Francisco's plans. The latter's success will insure an enormous attendance at the San Diego Exposition. At present the prospects of the success are very bright.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, February 2, 1911, 9:6-7. Frank P. Allen, Jr. says, "San Diego Exposition will surpass them all."

San Diego Union, February 2, 1911, 2:4. Directors of Fair to meet boosters; Secretary Monroe of Exposition approves citizens' plan for big carnival in connection with groundbreaking ceremonies of Panama- California Exposition.

San Diego Union, February 3, 1911, II, 9:3. Frank P. Allen, Jr., who as a deserter fought in the Spanish-American war, made a unique record.

San Diego Union, February 3, 1911, 16:3. State bill provides for school in park; institution to be used by Exposition and afterward as college.; Assemblyman Hinke putting bill through state legislature.

San Diego Union, February 4, 1911, 4:3. Some notable World's Fairs, by Frederic J. Haskin..

San Diego Union, February 4, 1911, II, 9:2-5, 16:3-4. Great celebration is assured by support of Fair directors; groundbreaking program promises to rival New Orleans famous Mardi Gras; promoters heartily cheered; executive committee to meet early next week and perfect details in connection with preparations.

San Diego Union, February 4, 1911, 2:1-7. War waged over question of site of Panama Canal celebration; field cleared for New Orleans and San Francisco, by Charles N. Lurie.

San Diego Union, February 5, 1911, 18:1. Legislators here to inspect site for proposed state building; 40-acre tract to be donated for agricultural college is viewed by visitors; Normal School also is inspected; information obtained will be embodied in report to state assembly.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, February 7, 1911, 5:3. Organized bodies working to make groundbreaking celebration an epoch event; Dick Ferris to stage big carnival and pageantry.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, February 9, 1911, 7:2. Bishop Conaty invited to participate in Exposition groundbreaking event; letter sent by Secretary H. C. Freeman includes all Catholics under prelate's spiritual direction.

San Diego Union, February 9, 1911, II, 11:1. Count de Lesseps to name date for Exposition ceremonies; dedication on July 11.

At a conference yesterday afternoon between representatives from the San Diego celebration committee of the Panama-California Exposition with a view to determining a date on which groundbreaking ceremonies would be held in Balboa Park, it was determined that the question should rest entirely with Count de Lesseps to whom an invitation has been extended by Director-General Collier to turn the first shovel of dirt, the date to be determined by the noted Frenchman to suit his convenience.

A letter has already been sent to Count de Lesseps urging him to name this date specifically in order that all arrangements in connection with the services, including the carnival and pageantry celebration may be completed in ample time.

Count de Lesseps, in accepting the honor extended to him some months ago, stated he would officiate something in the early spring, but beyond that he has not indicated what date he would be here. In is expected that he had already answered the query regarding a more definite date propounded to him by E. Foucher, who first suggested Count de Lesseps' name, and that his answer will be received within the next few dates, when the date will be publicly announced.

The exposition directors also decided yesterday afternoon to hold their dedicatory ceremonies on July 11, which date will mark the beginning of actual construction on the exposition buildings.

San Diego Union, February 9, 1911, II, 11:2. Suggest that Park Board be ousted; citizens complain to Council; want tourist accommodations in Plaza.

San Diego Union, February 10, 1911, II, 9:1. Collier's auto rolls down bank and burns; Exposition director and three guests narrowly escape death.

San Diego Union, February 12, 1911, 1:3-4. Short franchise made Point Loma road fail, by D. C. Collier.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, February 13, 1911, 5:2. 75,000 will attend ground-breaking ceremonies if transportation can be arranged, declares Dick Ferris; urges people to prepare for crowds; suggests that private homes be opened if it is found hotels and boarding houses are inadequate.

San Diego Union, February 13, 1911, II, 9:1. Dick Ferris will manage carnival celebration; well-known promoter has been engaged to take charge of program; is enthused by project.

San Diego Union, February 13, 1911, 9:2. Week's attendance at San Diego Land Auto Electrical and Industrial Fair on D Street up to 15^th more than 30,000; Paid admittance according to official figures exceeded 25,000.

San Diego Union, February 13, 1911, 9:2. General Vega ready for decisive battle; federal forces strengthened by outlaws and Indians.

San Diego Sun, February 16, 1911, 7:1. Colonel Collier says we must work together to boost for city; reads from letter by John P. Harrington, of the School of American Archaeology, Santa Fe, New Mexico.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, February 17, 1911, II. Floral Association questions justice of eastern importations; would much prefer to have seen California man plants trees and flowers in park for Exposition beautification; a committee was appointed to arrange for the ceremony of planting the memorial grove in the city park to the late George Cooke.

San Diego Union, February 17, 1911, 5:1. Exposition starts wide publicity campaign; systematic advertising will extend to all parts of South America.

San Diego Union, February 17, 1911, 18:1. Bishop Conaty to assist in Fair celebration; offers services freely.

San Diego Union, February 17, 1911, II, 9:2. La Mesa residents prepare to improve park; tract given by Collier will be planted with trees and palms.

San Diego Union, February 17, 1911, III, 13:3. Exposition book has big demand; first lot of 25,000 will be exhausted; more will be ordered printed.

San Diego and the Panama-California Exposition are both to receive more wide publications, the result of the distribution over the United States of one hundred thousand booklets just issued in San Diego by the publicity department of the exposition.

Twenty-five thousand of these descriptive booklets are to be circulated by the various railroads that enter California, but it became apparent yesterday that the twenty-five thousand now coming from the press will be entirely exhausted in filling the calls for the booklet that are coming in to the publicity department of the exposition headquarters from local residents.

The great interest taken by the people of San Diego in the big project is highly gratifying to Director General D. C. Collier and the other directors. In the preparation of the booklet, Director of Publicity, H. Hagaboom and his assistants purposely worked to the end that San Diego should get a big boost out of it, and the exposition officers are pleased to know that the San Diego business men and others are appreciative of their efforts.

"We are somewhat proud of the fact that such a piece of work can be entirely produced in San Diego," said Colonel Collier before he left for the north. "We do not have to go to Los Angeles or San Francisco, or any other city for this class of work. We can get what we want in San Diego, and keep the money here."

San Diego Union, February 18, 1911, 7:3. Former Michiganders propose permanent Exposition building filled with exhibits of the wealth and beauty of the state of Michigan.

San Diego Union, February 18, 1911, 18:3. Large demand for Exposition leaflets; merchants and citizens take kindly to scheme for advertisement of city.

San Diego Union, February 18, 1911, III, 13:3. George W. Marston writes open letter to Colonel Collier.

San Diego Union, February 19, 1911, II, 9:1-3, 10:1-5. San Diego's Mission City destined to be standard of California architecture; Designing and grouping of structures of Panama-California Exposition to tell the story of California's earliest history and to preserve best form of Spanish-Colonial art as basis of distinctive American product; diagram of that part of Balboa Park to be occupied by Panama-California Exposition buildings and grounds.

San Diego Union, February 19, 1911. William Clayton and C. F. Willard reply to statements on recall movement.

February 21, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Plans were presented for the planting of the boundary of Balboa Park by the Olmsted Brothers from Maple Street on the east side to 10^th Street on the north side, the same was approved and the planting ordered done. . . . Planting ceremony in memory of George Cooke on March 1; trees to be planted at 26^th Street entrance to Park; Board to be present.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, February 21, 1911, 4:1. EDITORIAL: Time for Civic Improvement.

San Diego Sun, February 22, 1911, 6:5. Park Board accept the plans of the Olmstead [sic] brothers for the improvement of Balboa Park.

San Diego Union, February 22, 1911, 5:1. King and Queen of carnival to be elected; Committee wants candidates to fill important positions; beauty and gallantry essential requirements.

San Diego Union, February 22, 1911, II, 10:1-4. George W. Marston writes letter to William Clayton, who replies.

San Diego Union, February 22, 1911, 16:2. Commissioners accept Olmsted Brothers' plans for improvement of Balboa Park.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, February 23, 1911, 3:1. Model nursery is thriving in park; vines, flowers and trees in tiny stage of development; William Donald, from the East, in charge of beds containing the plants to be used during 1915.

San Diego Sun, February 23, 1911. Work on park and carnival being rushed; Olmsted calls for teams for plowing; candidates for parade.

San Diego Union, February 23, 1911, 5:5. Spring work in park underway; many plants still needed to put Balboa Park in front rank of show places; nearly 100 men are at work.

San Diego Union, February 23, 1911, 8:5. Five candidates named for Queen Ramona and King Cabrillo.

San Diego Union, February 23, 1911, II, 9:1. 70 organizations to participate in groundbreaking

celebration.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, February 25, 1911, 1:2. San Francisco celebrates victory; members of delegation that won fight in Congress for endorsement of coast city for Fair welcomed home.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, February 25, 1911, 1:4. Louis J. Wilde for mayor; nominating petition being circulated by A. Edward Roberts of Roberts-Yordi Investment Co.

San Diego Union, February 26, 1911, III, 17:2-4. Richard S. Requa's design of brick store and hotel building being erected by Charles Eigebretson on north side of D Street between 2^nd and 3^rd; front to be surfaced with pressed brick of harmonizing shades.

San Diego Union, February 26, 1911, III, 24:1. L. J. Wilde may be candidate for mayor; friends circulating nominating petition.

March, 1911, California Garden, pp. 10-11. Large Park Force At Work . . . Nearly 100 men are at work in Balboa Park clearing brush, planting trees and vines, building lath houses, finishing plantation beds, replanting trees and doing general park improvement work both at the nursery and at the north end of the park says the Union.

Part of this work, that of clearing and tree planting is permanent and will be finished only when the trees are twenty feet in height. These will form a border on the north and east side of the park, where Superintendent Cummings is clearing off the undergrowth, sparing the young oaks and all the hard wood bushes and native flowering plants.

Once clear and the brush burned, it will be plowed, trees will be planted and the whole tract will then be subjected to dry farming methods, raising trees and shrubs.

The idea in this work is to furnish a boundary screen for that portion of the park. The trees are being planted down the slopes to the south and west far enough so that when they are grown they will not be high enough to shut off the view of the mountains, yet will effectually screen the houses and bare hills behind them in that district, at the same time forming a pleasant grove that will be filled with walks and shrubbery in the future. The tract will be planted with trees of thick growth. The oaks and hardwoods now growing will be encouraged. If possible, a certain amount of irrigation will be used to further the rapid growth until the whole sloping hillside is covered with green.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, March 1, 1911, 3:2. Tree planting at Balboa Park is being rushed; lath house 200 feet square erected and 2500 palms are now in place under shaded roof; large tract is now fully plowed up; Olmstead [sic] makes arrangements for modern and complete nursery for the Exposition work.

San Diego Union, March 1, 1911, 5:1. Acting of advice of his physician, L. J. Wilde refuses to be candidate for mayor; buys 600-acre ranch about six miles from Ramona.

San Diego Union, March 1, 1911, 7:1. Union article on Fair brings flood of replies; story about Exposition leaflets arouses interest in all parts of country; writers want literature.

February 15 the San Diego Union published an item at the request of the publicity department of the Panama-California exposition, describing the leaflet just issued by the department entitled "Fore-glance at the Panama-California Exposition,." and stated that requests for the leaflet would be gladly received.

The response from San Diego and San Diego county was prompt and voluminous. The publicity department had ordered 10,000 for the first run and telephone calls during the next two days completely exhausted this edition. The presses were running, however, and the demand was supplied for several days when the supply again ran out. Since that time the press has been running almost continuously. No less than 35,000 have been printed and sent out immediately upon delivery.

Come from All Sections

During this time mail requests began to come in. They were from nearby places for a week. Then they began to come from the mountain states. Now they are coming from the middle west and the east and nearly every letter refers to the San Diego Union as the source of information about the leaflets.

All the writers say they are San Diego boosters. Dr. Thomas Roberts, St. Paul, Minn., says: " I wish you would send to my address some of your leaflets on San Diego and the coming Panama-California exposition. I have several friends that are talking of San Diego as a future home and want to let them known about it. 426 Roberts Street, St. Paul, Minn.""

S. W. Stillings, Broomfield, West Virginia, says that his wife is in San Diego for the winter, that he saw a mention of the leaflets in the Union and wants some of them. He also writes that he wants "what you known and all you know about San Diego and surrounding country."

San Diego Union, March 1, 1911, 7: 2-3. Surprises Promised in Carnival Contest; New features planned are expected to stimulate interest in competition. . . . Many new features are promised in the popular voting contest for Ramona and Cabrillo within the next few days. . . . These plans are being kept secret, but it is reasonable to believe that the winner of either of these contests, and especially of the Ramona class, will be more materially benefited than in the mere achievement of winning the honor of presiding over the four days of carnival and the handsome costumes that will be specially made for the king and the queen.

San Diego Union, March 2, 1911, 5:1. San Diego asks Santa Fe for more direct line East; railway urged to rebuild Temecula-Fallbrook gap; new station also is wanted.

San Diego Union, March 6, 1911, 8:1. Ferris talks with local carnival committee; cost will reach $30,000; promoters declare concessions can be made to pay entire expense.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, March 1, 1911, 4:5. Plant trees in memorial in park tomorrow; Floral Association to hold exercises in commemoration of the late George Cooke.

San Diego Union, March 7, 1911, 6:5. Frank P. Allen returns to direct Fair work; consults with engineers; completed plans will be ready about the first of June; seventy men in park propagating and planting..

San Diego Union, March 7, 1911, II, 9:3. Will plant trees in memory of George Cooke.

San Diego Union, March 8, 1911, 16:3. Officials' report lauds Exposition chiefs; congratulates stockholders on having secured competent department heads; no quorum present; report read by General Secretary Monroe..

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, March 10, 1911, 1:7-8. Harbor municipal control bill is assured of passage; now on third reading file in House; be redrafted to suit Governor; Exposition measure safe; Collier and Hinkle wire reassuring news from San Francisco and Sacramento; Los Angeles has helped out cause; Mayor Conard leaves for home today.

March 12, 1911. Magonista rebels capture Tecate.

San Diego Union, March 12, 1911, II, 9:1. State granted San Diego $250,000 appropriation for permanent building in Balboa Park; also control of San Diego harbor; $50,000 to be made available July 1, 1912 for plans and specifications; commission of three men will have charge of the construction of the building and the nature of the state exhibit.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, March 14, 1911, 8:2. Collier returns from triumphs at capitol; Chamber of Commerce arranging luncheon in his honor at Grant Hotel.

March 15,1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Permission given to Harold Blossom to get samples of flowering plants in Balboa Park.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, March 15, 1911, 5:3. Views of beautified and equipped playgrounds of many cities to be reproduced by stereopticons; Playground Association's annual meeting tomorrow evening in 12^th Street school building to consist of attractive program.

San Diego Union, March 15, 1911, II, 9:2. D. C. Collier brings optimistic report; Chamber of Commerce plans public testimonial for services rendered.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, March 16, 1911, 8:4. John Galen Howard, California architect, congratulates Building and Grounds Committee on their selection of Bertram Goodhue to be advisory and consulting architect for the exposition.

San Diego Union, March 16, 1911, II, 9:1. Citizens praise Collier as chief of boosters; luncheon given by Chamber of Commerce..

San Diego Union, March 17, 1911, 8:1-2. Secretary reports work of Playground Association.

San Diego Sun, March 18, 1911, 1:6. Promise to tell about Exposition work: Charges that the park commission has been employing out of town labor in preference to home workmen, and that the men have been engaged through an employment agency where they have been forced to pay from $1 to $2 for their jobs will be denied before the Wide Awake Club Wednesday night by Commissioners O'Hallaran and Luce, and, it is said, Col. D. C. Collier for the exposition company.

San Diego Union, March 22, 1911, II, 9:1. Theodore Roosevelt praises San Diego for exposition project; unable to visit here.

San Diego Sun, March 23, 1911, 2:2. Wide Awake Club hears both sides on "Exposition." . . . After hearing the Colonel Collier, the club appointed a committee to probe every charge and every rumor to the bottom.

San Diego Union, March 23, 1911, II, 9:1. James Cummings, overseer of Fair work accused of "freezing out" home labor; former timekeeper says outside help hired through employment agency.

San Diego Union, March 23, 1911, II, 9:2-3. Catholic Bishop Conaty endorses pageantry plans; assures committee that his people will aid monster celebration.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, March 24, 1911, 5:3. Pursell denies rumor he will stop building; declares he has but two miles of grading to finish between La Mesa and San Diego and will have trains running this summer.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, March 25, 1911, 10:1. March issue of "Scenic America" magazine has article on "The Men Who Will Make the Panama-California Exposition."

San Diego Union, March 27, 1911, II, 9:3. Open bids today for $1,000,000 Fair bonds.

San Diego Sun, March 28, 1911, 12:4. Exposition directors named; officers submit reports.

San Diego Union, March 28,1911, 8:1. Local band bids for $250,000 of park bonds.

San Diego Union, March 28, 1911, 10:1-2. Fair stockholders elect 21 members of the Exposition Co. as a Board of Directors for coming year; plan discussed to raise additional $500,000 for Exposition purposes.

San Diego Union, March 30, 1911, 8:1. Cummings resigns job with Fair company; accused by Frank Householder, ,former employee of favoring non-resident workmen; had been in charge of work in Balboa Park for the Olmsted Brothers; Frank P. Allen's department will do landscaping work..

San Diego Union, March 30, 1911, 10:1. Mayor Grant Conard opens fight for office; Sehon machine out of order.

San Diego Union, March 30, 1911, 18:2. Governor will sign San Diego Fair bill with ostrich quill pen.

San Diego Union, March 31, 1911, 13:1. Governor Johnson to sign $250,000 appropriation bill today.

April, 1911, The California Garden, pp. 8-11. MAGIC MISSION CITY

One of the largest nursery organizations in Southern California has been established by the San Diego Park Commission in Balboa Park, where are being propagated thousands of plants, vines and trees for the decoration of the park in connection with a comprehensive plan for the beautification of the grounds of the Panama-California Exposition.

The plans for the park improvement were prepared by John Clark [sic] Olmsted, who was brought her to lay out the landscape features of the exposition and to prepare the general plans for the improvement of the park. The work at the nursery and in the park is under the direction of Olmsted's assistant, Blossom, and a complete working force has been organized since the work started this spring.

On the hill opposite Golden Hill and directly above the Russ High School have been built the administration building, a hot house and a lath house, 200 feet square. In the hot house, the nurserymen carry on the work of budding and rooting the thousands of cuttings that have been taken during the last three months. The lath house contains the young trees and plants and this house is to be enlarged as needed until it will cover four or five acres.

Further up the ridge from these houses are the gardens, containing thousands of plants, cacti and other plants that are sturdy enough to stand the outdoors. Acres have been plowed and planted for this purpose and many acres more will be utilized for this branch of the work.

Early in the progress of the work Olmsted declared that he must have huge quantities of each of several varieties of flowering plants and vines. The people of San Diego were asked to allow cuttings to be taken from their rose trees, vines and other plants, and they responded nobly. The nurserymen found that they had all the cuttings they could handle for several weeks and were kept busy making these cuttings, transplanting and caring for them as fast as they came in. The hot house was filled quickly with cuttings and has been kept filled ever since. As fast as these attain the necessary strength, they are transplanted either to the lath house or to specially prepared beds in the gardens.

One especially interesting experiment was that with Romneya Coulteri, or Matilija Poppy. It was found that sufficient quantities of this beautiful flower could not be obtained even in the four years between now and the opening date of the exposition except by propagation and the work was started at once. Florists of the city were asked as to methods and hundreds of root cuttings were made and planted in a glass case, which in turn was set on a bed of seasoned manure. The heat above and below soon caused the cuttings to sprout forth and now the plants are progressing in a most satisfactory manner. One florist advised an expedition to the hills and valleys around Riverside and Redlands for the purpose of getting the native plants in such quantities that the 50,000 plants asked for could be gathered in a comparatively short time.

Another experiment of interest was the propagation of a large number of the Acacia melanoxlon, or black acacia. William Donald, a seeds man of reputation in this country and Europe, took this seed and kept it in water of 100 degrees heat for nearly three days. The seed expanded wonderfully and it was but a short time after planting in the hot house until the tiny plants began to appear above the clean moist sand in which they were bedded. The plant is of slow growth and is being most tenderly cared for. The comparative efficiency of the seed was not as great as was hoped for, but the nursery will have nearly 3,000 plants from this experiment and will probably try it again.

Other plants in quantity, which the park nurserymen found they were unable to get from commercial nurseries this spring are 20,000 leptospermum laevigatium; 3,000 prunus intrigifolia, or Catalina cherry; 3,000 prunus ilicifolia, or holly-leafed cherry; 10,000 poinsettias; and the 50,000 Matilija poppies. All these are under cultivation and it is believed that the entire amount will soon be available.

It is planned to present to visitors to the exposition masses of flowers, acres in extent. For this purpose different colorings will be used, of course, and of each color and plant not only thousands, but millions will be used. The work at the park, it can readily be seen, is only in its infancy.

In a recent number of The California Garden, the editors asked the flower lovers of San Diego to pay special attention to the propagation of roses, to the end that the city as well as the exposition grounds may in 1915 present a spectacle that has never been equaled in the world. This is a fine idea and one that the exposition officials hope will be carried out. With the money available the exposition nursery cannot hope to do more than beautify the huge hills and slopes of Balboa Park and it will be up to the citizens of San Diego to make their yards and lawns a veritable bower of beauty, a work that will be easy if taken in time and carried forward with a definite object in view.

Touching on the question of the expediency of establishing the nursery in the park, when there are so many fine commercial nurseries in the city, it may be said that the park nursery was an absolute necessity on account of the huge quantities desired. The commercial nurseries have a large trade and are working to capacity. There will be a large savings of park and exposition funds in the operation of the park nursery, and the savings will affect not only the nurserymen themselves in a pecuniary way, but will be a direct saving to every taxpayer in San Diego and to the subscribers to the exposition as well.

Those in charge of the park nursery are anxious to meet interested persons and to consult with nurserymen or others who maybe able to give them practical and valuable advice about the work in hand. Several nurserymen and horticulturists of the city already have been asked to consult with the men in charge in the park and have kindly and most unselfishly proffered and given assistance in several instances.

To the layman, one not conversant with the nurserymen's methods, the work at the park is a revelation and the place is well worthy a visit by any person in San Diego. The result of that work can be seen from now forth in the gradual improvement of the park itself, a work that will make of Balboa Park one of the most famous horticultural features of the world.

April, 1911, The California Garden, pp. 10-11. THE PANAMA-CALIFORNIA EXPOSITION AND THE MEN BEHIND IT

San Diego is to have an exposition in 1915. In magnitude it may not be quite the equal of the main show under the big tent at the Golden Gate, but already one can catch a glimpse through his mind's eye of a twelve-month of scenes in a "Magic Mission City" which will no more need to suffer by comparison with our big brother to the north, than the sweet-breathed carnation now need bow its head to the queenly rose.

Upon, perhaps, 300 acres of our big 1,400-acre park, located almost in the heart of the city, will be erected fifty or more buildings, all of the mission style of architecture, having the general outlines and characteristics of the quaint and imposing structures by the old Padres on these very shores more than two hundred years ago.

The organization of an efficient working force has now been practically completed with Colonel D. C. Collier at the head as director-general. Those who know Colonel Collier best, believe he has the necessary positive qualities which go to make the ideal man for the position. Chief among these qualities looms up an enthusiasm which is limitless. He has practically laid aside everything else to give himself unsparingly to the work of the Panama-California Exposition without remuneration.

The very responsible post of secretary is filled by L. G. Monroe of Spokane, through whose hands passes nearly all the correspondence, already assuming vast proportions, pertaining to concessions, exhibits, building contracts, etc. His experience in exposition work has enabled him to perfect a very efficient and systematic organization for the handling of the correspondence and business affairs.

John C. Olmsted, of Boston, who is laying out the grounds, has gained a more than national reputation through his connection with the Chicago's world's fair, and the Portland and Seattle expositions. Mr. Olmsted says he has found a combination of climate, water, soil and beautiful contour, which presents to him the best opportunity of his career.

Bertram G. Goodhue will design the buildings for the "Magic Mission City." He has made a study of this style of architecture in the two Americas, Spain, Africa and Asia, and the result of his investigations has been written into the Baxter history of architecture, universally accepted as a high authority on the art of designing buildings. A number of great buildings stand as monuments to his ability.

To carry out the designs of Goodhue and in harmony with the plans of Olmsted, Frank P. Allen, Jr., of Seattle, was placed at the head of the construction department. This is the man who built the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific exposition at Seattle in nineteen months and had it ready on time.

The publicity department, the last to be named, ranks well up with the others in importance and needs a man who can combine the characteristics of a diplomat, an editor, a publisher, an artist, and all the other qualities which go to make a successful man of the world. Winfield Hogaboom scored on all points mentioned, and is already busily engaged in linking together in the minds of the nations of the world the words already familiar to us, "Panama-California Exposition, San Diego, 1915."

These are the men who are to convert Balboa Park into one of the beauty spots of the world. They cannot rest upon the victories of the past; the possibilities are so truly great that the tasks are not easy of accomplishment. The best wishes and hearty cooperation of every person in San Diego should be with them until the work is ended and the play begins on January 1, 1915.

San Diego Union, April 1, 1911, 5:1. Grant reelected president of Exposition; new Board of Directors hold meeting and perfect organization; Collier given thanks; resolution passed to engage expert accountant to examine books.

The new board of directors of the Panama-California exposition held their first official meeting yesterday afternoon and after the routine of organization elected new officers for the coming year. U. S. Grant, Jr. was re-elected president and the only changes made were the advancement of some of the vice presidents and the election of George Burnham as fourth vice president. Resolutions commending the efficient work of Director General D. C. Collier and thanking him for his efforts in behalf of the exposition were passed.

The new offices of the exposition as elected are U. S. Grant, Jr., president; J. D. Spreckels, first vice president; G. Aubrey Davidson, advanced from fourth to second vice president; L. S. McLure, third vice president; George Burnham, fourth vice president; L. G. Monroe, secretary; F. W. Jackson, treasurer; C. A. Richardson, auditor; and D. C. Collier, director general. All of these officers were re-elected excepting George Burnham who serves for the first time.

The members of the new executive committee are G. A. Davidson, George Burnham, H.H. Jones, L. S. McLure and Fred Jewell. Mr. Jewell was elected tentatively, until the return of J. W. Sefton, Jr.

There was a discussion of the work of the exposition up to this time and much pleasure was expressed at the showing that has been made and at the prospects for the future. During the meeting President Grant told the members that he would in a day or two reappoint all the old members of the finance, publicity and legal advisory committees for the coming year. It was at this time that the directors commended the work done during the last year by Director General D. C. Collier. Its value to the exposition and to the directors was told informally, and a vote of thanks was passed by the board, thanking him for his splendid efforts.

One of the most important questions discussed was the naming of a committee to begin and to carry on the work of exhibits and privileges for the exposition. Many inquiries already have been made along these lines and it was decided to begin work at once.

The appointment of the committee was placed in the hands of President Grant. He named as a nucleus for the committee V. F. W. Voght, chairman; Director of Works Frank P. Allen, Jr.; L. A. Blochman; and F. A. Schneider. The other five members will be appointed later.

Before adjournment the board passed a resolution for the hiring of an expert accountant to audit the books of the exposition and to report on the business methods now being pursued in carrying on the work under the supervision of a committee consisting of D. F. Garretson, C. L. Williams and Colonel Fred Jewell.

The directors attending the meeting were Lucius R. Barrow, L. A. Blochman, George Burnham, D. C. Collier, G. A. Davidson, John F. Forward, Jr., D. F. Garretson, U. S. Grant, Jr., F. W. Jackson, W. F. Ludington, Arthur H. Marston, Colonel L. S. McLure, H. H. Jones, W. A. Sloane, B. W. McKenzie and C. L. Williams. Those not attending were William Clayton, Fred Jewell, John D. Spreckels and Julius Wangenheim.

San Diego Union, April 1, 1911, II, 9:2. Exposition heads plan conference April 21 with Bertram Goodhue; planting of seventy or eighty acres of acacia and eucalyptus on north border and in the northeast corner of Exposition grounds has been completed.

San Diego Union, April 1, 1911, II, 10:1. Collier, Hogaboom, Choate, etc. leave for East; will not ask for federal appropriations; want official sanction of Congress and President.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 3, 1911, 12:1. Governor Johnson to name three building commissioners; Secretary O'Hallaran says San Diego men will have charge of expenditure of money for state structure for Panama-California Exposition.

San Diego Union, April 4, 1911, 16:2. O'Hallaran brings back pen used by Governor to sign $250,000 appropriation bill; $50,000 for preliminary construction.

San Diego Union, April 4, 1911, II, 10:1. Exposition party leaves for East; will urge Congress and President to officially recognize San Diego Fair.

San Diego Union, April 5, 1911, 1:7. Wadham is elected mayor; Adams and Fay for council; Niven measure defeated.

San Diego Union, April 7, 1911, 5:2-4. Greatest parade ever seen on continent is planned; feature of groundbreaking pageant will be its Mission section.

San Diego Union, April 7, 1911, 8:1. 94,000 cuttings planted in park; 70 teams and 80 workmen employed in laying Exposition's foundations; representative from John C. Olmsted asked people of San Diego to donate fronds and ferns; 70 acres already improved in north end of park along east side. . . . The greasewood and sagebrush have been removed and the ground all plowed and planted as needed with trees and bushes. As a picture is framed, so is the park being enclosed with border plantations. Will flowers and trees preserved so far as possible. Little canyon on the east side will not be touched. Park is the only municipal game preserve in the world with many jackrabbits, coyotes and quail.

San Diego Sun, April 8, 1911, 9:1. John Clark [sic] Olmsted leaves for Sacramento; expects to return in time for the first conference of the experts who are building the exposition.

San Diego Union, April 8, 1911, 8:2. 23 associations will enter floats in Fair groundbreaking.

San Diego Union, April 8, 1911, 16:1. Clean-up order readily obeyed by Chinatown residents.

San Diego Union, April 9, 1911, 23:1,2. Pictures of building experts who will construct Exposition; Frank P. Allen, Jr., director of works; Bertram Goodhue, advisory architect; John C. Olmsted, landscape architect; Irving Gill, consulting architect. . . . Olmsted goes north in quest of plants and shrubs. . . . Propagation of vines and cuttings at nursery under charge of William Donald. He has just planted about 2,000 cuttings and rare roses, some of them contributed by local persons.

San Diego Union, April 11, 1911, 5:1. Committee outlines plan for four-day celebration; new kind of groundbreaking of Exposition; Dick Ferris, general manager of carnival; to include laying of cornerstone of Administrative Building..

San Diego Union, April 11, 1911, 5:2-4. Plants in Exposition nursery fed with spoon like babies.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 12, 1911, 8:2. Perfecting plans for the groundbreaking ceremonies.

San Diego Union, April 12, 1911, 10:1. Definite date set for groundbreaking; ground for first building will be broken on July 19.

San Diego Union, April 12, 1911, 10:1. San Diego Floral Association plans for floral show to take place at Mission Cliff pavilion April 20-23; L. A. Blochman endorsed for place on Park Board.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 13, 1911. "Field House" or new athletic field to be first building to go up in park; Buildings Committee of the Panama-California Exposition instructs Frank P. Allen to prepare plans calling for a $5,000 outlay.

San Diego Sun, April 13, 1911, 4. Poundmaster Davis allows that he would like the city council to move him out of the park before the park commissioners throw him out.

San Diego Union, April 13, 1911, 7:1. Collier to donate five corner lots for park.

San Diego Union, April 13, 1911, II, 9:2. Exposition boosters in Washington, DC, to establish headquarters and begin campaign for government support.

San Diego Union, April 13, 1911, 16:1. President Taft's ambassador and governor to attend Fair ceremonies; new features outlined.

San Diego Union, April 14,1911, 9:2. 300,000 postal cards to advertise pageant; contest for King and Queen for carnival revived by committee.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 15, 1911, 12:1. Two thousand school children to take part.

San Diego Sun, April 15, 1911, 9:3. Exposition exhibits committee receiving applications.

San Diego Sun, April 15, 1911, 9:5. School children to be feature of Exposition ceremony; two thousand to take part.

San Diego Union, April 15, 1911, 10:1. Play, pyrotechnic reception for King Cabrillo; water pageant feature.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 17, 1911, 8:1. Publicity work for Exposition reaches around the world; thousands of newspapers, periodicals and Chambers of Commerce supplied with articles on San Diego and its 1915 Fair.

April 18, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: John C. Olmsted disapproves of location of Cricket Grounds; read and adopted.

San Diego Union, April 18, 1911, II, 9:1. 17,000 teachers to come to San Diego for Exposition groundbreaking ceremonies.

San Diego Sun, April 19, 1911, 1:5. Two members of Park Board will resign is rumor; Fearing ax, O'Hallaran and Luce said to have prepared resignations; Senator Wright's term runs out the first of May.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 20, 1911, 10:3. Architect Goodhue will confer with officials at Fair; first of series of conferences arranged; will arrive in San Diego tomorrow.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 20, 1911, 10:2. Supervising architect of Government buildings will open bids in his office in Washington, DC, for the construction of the proposed federal building in San Diego.

San Diego Union, April 20, 1911, 1:1. Secretary of State Knox approves federal aid for Fair; U.S. Government to exhibit.

San Diego Union, April 21, 1911, 18:2. Bertram Goodhue visits San Diego; comes from Colon on Isthmus of Panama; brings with him designs for Exposition buildings; conference arranged..

San Diego Union, April 22, 1911, 17:1. Irving Gill denies importation of Exposition engineers; answers protests of San Diego Society of Civil Engineers and Surveyors; Frank P. Allen, Jr. the only outsider.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 24, 1922, 10:2. Conferences to decide on character of 1915 buildings are begun; some radical changes are being considered; tentative designs will be changed to meet the conditions which the conference will decide upon.

April 25, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Luce and O'Hallaran preset; memorandum of agreement with Panama-California Exposition passed; resolution authorizing president of Board to revoke permit granted to G. W. Pursell; passed.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 26, 1911, 3:3. Great water carnival planned by committee.

San Diego Union, April 26, 1911, 3:5. Promoters of Fair given valuable aid; assurances received from members of Congress of loyal support

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 27, 1911, 1. Retiring Mayor Conard, in message to Council, urges cutting of all estimates; wants Charter brought up to date.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 27, 1911, 1. Pursell loses franchise for line in park; Park Board decides he cannot complete road and have it in operation by May 1.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 27, 1911, 7:1. Railroads sent out circulars on carnival.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 27, 1911, 7:2. Collier secures big feature for Fair; Government aid from officials of the Smithsonian Institution will be extended to make Indian congress most comprehensive ever assembled.

San Diego Sun, April 27, 1911, 3:1. Indian exhibit at Exposition to be featured; Colonel Collier gets help from Smithsonian Institution.

San Diego Union, April 27, 1911, II, 9:2. Collier arranges for loan of exhibits by National Museum; Indian Village first planned will be extended into an aboriginal show.

San Diego Union, April 27, 1911, II, 9:5. Pursell franchise extended two years; railroad builder convinces Council of his intention to finish line.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 28, 1911, 3:1. "Isthmus" will outdo famous Midway; Forty-niner urges Dick Ferris t let him open old-time California gambling hall and play with real money.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, April 28, 1911, 7:1. Collier secures aid of Fairs in south.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1911, 8:1. Park Commission revokes Pursell franchise through City Park; railroad cuts and embankments leave permanent scars; failure to comply with terms of grant.

San Diego Union, April 28, 1911, 10:1. Southern support sought for Fair; Collier proposes plan.

San Diego Sun, April 29, 1911, 4. Sunbeams: "City Park is getting to be a great hang-out for bums and tramps," said a Date street woman yesterday.

San Diego Union, April 29, 1911, 6:2-4. G. W. Pursell charges Park Commissioners with "Star Chamber" methods; says O'Hallaran and Luce revoked franchise without warrant.

San Diego Union, April 29, 1911, 9:1. San Diego artists, David Swartz and Athol Ewing, win prize for Exposition poster; groundbreaking ceremonies.

San Diego Union, April 30, 1911, 15:1. Colonel Fletcher says Park Board made a mistake; thinks it should not have revoked Pursell Railway franchise.

San Diego Union, April 30, 1911, 15:3. Miss Eleanor Lee leads in contest to be Queen Ramona.

May - June, 1911. Bertram Goodhue wants site of Exposition changed.

May, 1911, The California Garden, pp. 8-9: Millions of Plants to Adorn Balboa Park; San Diego Citizens Aid With Cuttings; Thirty Acres of Park Used for Nursery; Greenhouses Have Now 150,000 cuttings. . . . With the completion of the water system now almost at hand the gigantic task of preparing Balboa Park for the great Panama-California Exposition of 1915 may be said to have notably advanced. In that it has assured the success of the plans for the permanent adornment of the park with more than five million plants, vines, bushes and trees. The scope of this project alone, in connection with the Exposition, is beginning to impress itself, not only on visitors to the park and others interested in plant and tree culture, but on observers of the nature features at other expositions, and especially is this true as to the variety of plants being propagated at the Balboa Park nursery. A mere partial list is amazing and, as an indication of the total, is astounding, though the plans, as stated, have been from the beginning to have more than five million specimens of trees and plants already in place on the Exposition grounds when the time for the Exposition arrives. The partial list includes the following:

5,000 Arundo donax

1,000 Bougainvillea

3,000 Bignonia

7,000 Buddleia Madagascariensis

8,000 Caprissa grandiflora

4,000 Coprosma Baueriana

3,000 Campsidium

13,000 Cistus albidus (Rock Rose)

200 Datura

5,000 Ficus repens (Climbing Fig)

1,500 Grevillea Thelemanniana

1,500 Geranium

10,000 Hedera helix (English Ivy)

3,500 Hibiscus

400 Ipomea Mortimi

4,000 Jasmimum (Jasmine)

150 Lantana

600 Lotus peliorhynohus

8,000 Leptospermum laevigatum

1,000`Malalenea leveadendron

4,000 Marguerite

1,000 Nerium Oleander (Oleander)

100 Passiflora (Passion Flower)

700 Polygala floribunda

1,300 Poinsettia pulcherrima (Poinsettia)

2,000 Pittosporum tobina

1,000 Pittosporum undulatum

400 Roses (Seven Sisters)

1,000 Roses (Cherokee)

100 Roses (Reve d'or)

300 Roses (Robert S. Lee)

200 Roses (La Marque)

100 Roses (Banchen)

400 Streptosolen Jamesonii

1,500 Solanum Wendlandii

500 Solanum Jaminoides

400 Tamarix

1,500 Tecoma (Trumpet Vine)

A million ferns and palms to be used in the park will be mostly gifts from citizens, but there is to be no limit to the number of such gifts --- the nurserymen in charge of the work want as many more such donations as they can get. Then there is to be, in addition to the above list, thousands of other plants, five thousand and more palms, from seedlings up to ten feet high, 10,000 various acacias from seeds, Rapheolepsis, Pittosporum, Pepper trees, Asparagus, Plumosa, Myrthle, Leptospermum, Eucaylptus, and scores of other varieties in profusion.

The greenhouse, established for propagating the plants and containing now more than 150,000 cuttings in many stages of growth, is 100x22 feet in size; there are 2,000 feet of cold frames and a lath house, 100x24 feet and eight feet high, to be enlarged as becomes necessary. Thirty acres of park land are used in the nursery, and the work is being managed by William Donald with a staff of expert nurserymen and a large number of laborers.

Already about 50,000 trees and shrubs have been planted permanently, mainly along the northern border of the park, 70 acres of land having been used for the purpose; 30,000 of these either have been raised in San Diego or some other section of Southern California.

San Diego Union, May 1, 1911, 14:1. Senator Perkins discusses the Fair at dinner; "Among other things Collier is developing the idea of a permanent commercial exhibit as a legacy of the exposition."

San Diego Sun, May 2, 1911, 4:1. EDITORIAL: Keep It Out of the Park . . . the Pursell railroad.

San Diego Union, May 2, 1911, 16:3. Rest rooms provided for groundbreaking.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 3, 1911, 8:7. Mayor Wadham this morning appointed Clark Braly to succeed Senator L. A. Wright on Park Board.

San Diego Union, May 3, 1911, 14:1. Collier is enthusing New Orleans boosters.

San Diego Union, May 3, 1911, 5:1. Artist Henry Kabierska in charge of designing and building floats used in historical parade at groundbreaking ceremonies.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 4, 1911, 12:1. Colonel Collier says Brazil will exhibit here; Dr. Dahne, Brazil's official representative to the United States, will visit San Diego May 25.

San Diego Union, May 4, 1911, 8:2-4. D Street to be Mission-land for groundbreaking, Balboa Park a lighted jungle.

San Diego Union, May 4, 1911, II, 9:1. Dispatch says Brazil will erect Fair building.

San Diego Union, May 4, 1911, II. 16:2. Braly appointed to Park Board.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 3, 1911, 5:3. Collier strikes popular chord in South.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 3, 1911, 5:3. San Diego workmen to make pageant features; historical and industrial pageant organization of Chicago will establish shops here to fulfill contract.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 3, 1911, 8:4. Women's Board of Directors for 1915 Exposition may be formed.

San Diego Union, May 4, 1911, II, 9:1. Dr. Dahne, special commissioner from Brazil, stops at New Orleans on his way to San Diego; confers with Collier; announces that Brazil will erect buildings at both San Francisco and San Diego.

San Diego Union, May 4, 1911, II, 9:2. Senator John Works expects Senate support of San Diego Fair.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 5, 1911, 3:1. Sefton reaches New York today.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 5, 1911, 3:1. Women to take charge of part of parade.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 5, 1911, 3:3. Southern California counties plan join exhibit at Fair.

San Diego Union, May 5, 1911, 4:2. EDITORIAL: Exposition's Prospects Brightening . . . The announcement that Brazil will erect a fine building and make a grand display is one of the most cheering of the several encouraging reports recently received.

San Diego Union, May 5, 1911, II, 9:1. Collier promised aid of south in diverting travel to San Diego.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 6, 1911, 1:2. Chicago Commission Grain Merchants put seal of Exposition on business letters and bills of lading.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 6, 1911, 4:1. EDITORIAL: San Diegans should aid committeemen in the preparation of the program for the groundbreaking ceremonies next July.

San Diego Union, May 6, 1911, II, 9:2. Collier's work in capitol effective.

May 8, 1911. Attack on Tijuana.

San Diego Union, May 8, 1911, 14:2. Senator Perkins believes Collier will win resolution recognizing Exposition.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 10, 1911, 1:2. Americans take part in looting at Tijuana.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 10, 1911, 5:3. Designs for "The Future of San Diego" and "The First Civilization in America" floats accepted.

San Diego Sun, May 10, 1911, 1:7. Capps may direct park engineering; plan to save thousands of dollars of Exposition money; city engineer says work is simple and that he can do it with help of assistants employed by $20,000 engineer; Park Board expected to act soon; the mayor isn't saying anything.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 12, 1911, 6:1. Henry Kabierske, float designer, in city to begin work.

San Diego Union, May 13, 1911, 7:3. J. A. Filcher, state official, proposes that counties of state take four years to build up exhibits.

San Diego Union, May 13, 1911, 7:4. Collier in Washington begins campaign for Congressional support.

San Diego Union, May 13, 1911, 9:2. Sefton returns from world tour; yeoman work done in foreign countries for benefit of San Diego Exposition.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 15, 1911, 3:1-2. Carnival ceremonies practically arranged; outline is complete.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 15, 1911, 12:1. Tijuana is wide open town; rebels encourage gambling and derive percentage from games now being conducted by Americans.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 15, 1911, 12:2-3. Pursell charges unfair treatment by Park Board; declares road through park completed and paid for five months ago; wants extension of time; Mayor Wadham this morning would say nothing regarding the matter.

San Diego Union, May 15, 1911, II, 9:2. Mission characters, including Indians, at San Luis Rey and San Juan Capistrano engaged by Ferris for groundbreaking celebration..

San Diego Union, May 15, 1911, II, 9:3. Collier had endorsement bill in side pocket for introduction this week.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 16, 1911, 8:1. Patrick Martin may be made president of Park Board.

May 16, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Clark Braly, M. A. Luce, Patrick Martin; Braly elected president of Board; Martin elected secretary.

San Diego Union, May 16, 1911, II, 9:1. Exposition measure introduced in Senate; Secretary of State Knox gives endorsement.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 17, 1911, 3:1. Bids for arches rejected by committee; work on floats begun.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 17, 1911, 3:1. Exposition will offer gold cup to yacht winning three times in succession.

San Diego Union, May 17, 1911, II, 9:3. Ferris says women are right in boosting for Floral Parade.

San Diego Union, May 17, 1911, II, 16:1. Congressman Raker introduces bill in House for city's Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 17, 1911, II, 16:2. Braly, head of Park Commissioners, agrees to allow use of shotguns in the event permission to hunt rabbits is extended to other than park employees; plan presented to extend Upas Street from 6^th to 10^th.

San Diego Union, May 18, 1911, 11:4-5. Ambassador Irving B. Dudley, San Diegan who landed the Brazil exhibit for Exposition here is a "pioneer ambassador."

San Diego Union, May 21, 1911, II, 9:2. Collier remains on job for Exposition; refuses to leave capitol until San Diego resolution is passed.

May 22, 1911. Appearance of Colonel Collier before the Committee of Industrial Arts and Expositions, House of Representatives, on Joint Resolution No. 99; wants Congress to pass a resolution authorizing the President of the United States to invite Republic of Mexico and other republics of Central and South America to exhibit at the Panama-California Exposition in San Diego in 1915; "Under no circumstances will the San Diego Exposition ask the Government for any appropriation in aid of this exposition."

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 23, 1911, 1:1. Mayor Wadham favors sale of 500 acres out of center of park; declines to discuss the matter at length just now.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 23, 1911, 1:1. Something doing at Park Board session; policy of economy in Exposition work will be adhered to.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 23, 1911, 3:1. Park Board to discuss Exposition contracts; members will inquire into advancement of funds for Fair; employment of Olmstead [sic] and other matters.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 23,1911, 5:4. Park Board may grand Pursell franchise; petition comes before Board this afternoon.

San Diego Union, May 23, 1911, 9:1. House committee agrees to report Exposition bill favorably; decision reached after public hearing granted to San Diego supporters.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 24, 1911, 1:3. George R. Harrison is appointed on Park Board; to take place made vacant by resignation of Patrick Martin, who gave "business interests" as reason.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 24, 1911, 5:3. Thomas O'Hallaran for state building committee on Exposition structure.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 24, 1911, 5:4. Mayor Wadham thinks city should have several parks as it grows into order to accommodate different districts; declares city council must initiate move to sell part of big park, people must vote on it, and state legislature must approve.

San Diego Union, May 24, 1911, 5:5-6. Patrick Martin quits Park Board; contract with Exposition company to be examined; monthly report to be published of all expenditures of Park Commission; Mayor Wadham said to be in favor of selling 500 acres from center of park; permit for target practice for naval militia withdrawn; bullets glance off stones and fly at random all over park.

May 25,1911, Board of Park Commissioners: George R. Harrison appointed to Board to replace Patrick Martin who has resigned.

San Diego Union, May 25, 1911, II, 9:5. Harrison appointed Park Commissioner; City Council approves selection.

San Diego Union, May 26, 1911, 5:3. Report Democratic caucus in Washington, DC, agree on Exposition.

San Diego Union, May 26, 1911, 8:1-3. Braly grills Luce on Exposition work; City Attorney declares contract creating Director of Works is not binding; Mayor Wadham considering the appointment of City Engineer E. M. Capps as a successor to Frank P. Allen; also thinks buildings should be placed back on mesa. . . . Braly: "Why is Olmsted planting trees in northeast corner?" Luce: "We have been over to Mr. Scripps' place and he claims trees will grow in the park without much care." Braly: "Eucalyptus will."

"How can Frank P. Allen save the city hundreds of thousands of dollars over any other man, if there are not hundreds of thousands of dollars to spend?"

Clark Braly, president of the new park commission, was standing at the end of the table when he addressed this question to Judge M. A. Luce. Before him lay a pile of unpaid bills which amounted to nearly $26,000 debts incurred since the first of the year. To one side lay a contract in which the park commissioners had delegated the power to erect all buildings, make all improvements and prepare all architectural and engineering plans of every description to a bureau termed the division of works. With the contract was an opinion from the city attorney that it was not legally binding and in a certain respect unlawful.

Judge Luce had been cross-questioned throughout the meeting. Mr. Braly wanted to know about this bill or that bill. He wanted to know about salaries. He want to know about the work which had been done.

It was a different meeting from the ones Judge Luce attended before the commission was dissolved. Then Judge Luce sat the head of the table. Thomas O'Hallaran presented the bills. Judge Luce approved them. A question might be decided about the location of a tree or asked about the condition of certain shrubbery and the commission would adjourn.

Luce Defends Old Policy

Yesterday, however, Judge Luce had been aroused to action. He was defending the policy of the old commission. He was defending the policy of employing the best talent obtainable to lay out the park and erect the exposition building.

"Why this man Allen can save us hundreds of thousands of dollars," he exclaimed feverishly.

"How can Frank P. Allen save the city hundreds of thousands of dollars over any other man, if there are no dollars to spend?" asked Mr. Braly, who was questioning Judge Luce.

The judge had been explaining that Mr. Allen was the general manager in preparing park and buildings for the exposition; he was also the engineer and supervising architect.

Too Much For Commission

"We couldn't undertake this thing ourselves," said Judge Luce in conducting his defense. "We wouldn't take the responsibility for $10,000 a year; so we employed the best possible men we could get for the work."

"How does the park board get out of the responsibility?" asked Mr. Braly.

"Hire a foreman," answered Judge Luce.

"Would that get you out of the responsibility?" insisted Mr. Braly.

"It would to that extent" answered Judge Luce.

"What would you do if you had t manage a big farm?" asked Mr. Braly. "Hire a foreman?"

"What in heaven's name do we know about it?" exclaimed Judge Luce. "Here is the best man we can get for the money. Mr. Olmsted is the best landscape architect in the country. A million dollars is to be spent for permanent improvements in the park. I believe in having the very best men to do the work. Mr. Olmsted was employed after consultation with the building committee. Mr. Marston is the president. He has the good and the beauty of the city at heart. He has made a study of these things. Mr. Marston's advice has a good deal of influence with me. We investigated Mr. Allen carefully before we employed him."

"Did you investigate what was paid Mr. Allen in Seattle before you agreed to pay him $20,000 a year here?" asked Mr. Braly.

"I believe we did, but he didn't have quite as much to do there as he has here," was the reply. "The first agreement was to get him here half the time. Next we wanted him here all the time to take charge of the entire work. We wanted a man who could save the city a lot of money."

"Did he have that power at Seattle?" asked Mr. Braly.

"I don't think he held all that power up there," answered Judge Luce. "I think it very unfair that you take this affair up without the building committee."

Harrison Made Secretary

"This man has just take his oath of office between 11 and 12 o'clock. We are hardly yet acquainted," replied Mr. Braly, pointing to George R. Harrison, who had been appointed the day before to succeed Patrick Martin. Mr. Harrison was elected secretary of the new commission.

"If we wanted to put a building in the city park we would have to do it under Mr. Allen's management," continued Mr. Braly. He picked up the contract which by agreement between the park commission and the Panama-California exposition conferred the power to erect buildings and to lay out the park on the division of works.

"Why, yes," replied Judge Sloane [sic], "I could ask this or that question, but I wouldn't find out much about it. Therefore, my idea is to get a man in whom we have confidence."

Mayor Wadham had entered the room during the discussion. He seated himself to one side and read the opinion of the city attorney which he had brought with him that the division of works contract was not binding. He arose at this part of the discussion and addressing the chair said:

"The city attorney has rendered an opinion which questions the reasonableness of this contract, which creates an independent board known as the division of works.

"The consensus of opinion is that the entering into this contract by the park commission and the exposition company is extravagant and the exposition company is extravagant, and I do hope in such a case you will not undertake to do anything under it.

"One of your hardest duties will be to stand between the people and this million dollars. On the other hand the people feel that they have to spend the money. They prefer that local talent be employed wherever possible. That, however, is a matter left to you."

The opinion was handed to Judge Luce for perusal. He studied it carefully and pronounced it "all right." He said that he could find no objection to Judge Andrews' ruling.

"As far as you are concerned, Judge Luce, I believe that you thought the contract was perfectly proper or you would not have entered into it," said the mayor, addressing the judge.

It developed that the appointment of City Engineer E. M. Capps is under consideration by the mayor as a successor to Frank P. Allen. In this connection, it is possible that the exposition building will be placed farther back on the mesa to obviate exceedingly technical, difficult and expensive engineering work. The buildings when placed farther back would be removed from unsightly stands which are expected to fringe Balboa Park during the exposition.

"We have not a man in San Diego who could do the work as thoroughly and save the city as much money as either Allen or Mr. Olmsted," remarked Judge Luce.

Mayor Questions Luce

"What is there about this work that Capps can't do?" asked the mayor.

"He can do common engineering, general engineering," replied Judge Luce. "But an exposition is entirely different. The location of buildings must be considered. Money matters, expenses must be considered. Mr. Allen saves us money."

"If the buildings were placed back on the mesa, there would not be so much engineering and expense," suggested the mayor.

"That's the reason you should see the exposition board," replied Judge Luce.

"Don't this contract let Mr. Olmsted turn loose on the park and we can't stop him?" asked Mr. Braly. "He is working in the northeast corner of the park now. What is he doing there?"

"The trees must be planted now so that they will get their growth in time for the exposition," answered Mr. Luce. "The people over there never had anything."

"Don't you know that we will have to fall back on one thing --- the maintenance of the park? Couldn't shrubbery be planted as well, instead of trees?" asked Mr. Braly.

"We have been over to Mr. Scripps' place and he claims trees will grow in the park without much care," replied Judge Luce.

"Eucalyptus trees will," suggested Mr. Braly.

"Yes, eucalyptus trees," assented Judge Luce.

"We have reached a point where the people have become greatly dissatisfied, remarked Mr. Braly, changing the subject.

"See Mr. Marston," suggested Judge Luce. "If we don't harmonize, we won't have any exposition."

"Who constitutes the division of works?" interposed Mayor Wadham.

"Why, Allen," answered Judge Luce. "Allen is chief. He and the men who work under him form the division of works."

"How many buildings do you figure he will have?" asked Mr. Braly.

"For the exposition? Why, I don't know, was the judge's reply.

"We want to get to a point where we can decided whether we can go on with this contract," said Mr. Braly. "The money is not being paid in by subscribers to exposition stock. We want to bring affairs to that state that the people will feel confidence in the management of the exposition and will be satisfied to pay up the rest of the subscriptions. Now, Mr. Luce, what do you recommend?"

"More publicity," replied Judge Luce. "A monthly account should be published of expenditures and income."

Salaries Take Breath Away

"Understand me, judge," continued Mr. Braly. "I don't want to be an obstructionist. I want this exposition to be a success. But the salaries are big enough to take one's breath away. If businessmen had been able to figure them before the bond election, you wouldn't have gotten a decent vote on it.

"I lived in Portland. It is a rich city, and could afford to pay Mr. Allen $400,000 a year; where we can't afford to pay him $20,000 a year.

"Don't compare this exposition with the one at Portland," broke in Judge Luce with earnestness. "Our exposition must be altogether different. We are here in a southern climate with the exposition running winter and summer. We must attract people because it is different than other expositions. They must be drawn here by the beauty of the landscape. We have a wonderful park with a view of the sea and the mountains. We can grow all kinds of tree and flowers and plants there."

"Under this contract," said Mr. Braly, changing the subject, "the division of works goes ahead with buildings and plans. The money will be gone before they are finished. The division of works had the reins. We have no check."

"Well, we pass the bills," replied Mr. Luce. "We have set aside $500,000, for instance, for permanent buildings."

"In other words we give Mr. Allen half a million and say go ahead and spend it," interrupted Mr. Braly.

"As along as he does it well, it's all right," replied Judge Luce. "We know what he is doing. The bills come to us. If he doesn't do it well, we can stop him."

"Five hundred thousand dollars has been set aside for permanent buildings. Now, what is the rest for?" asked Mr. Braly.

"The first thing to do is to make the park presentable as a whole," answered Judge Luce. "Boulevards are to be laid out. Trees must be planted and walks adorned. That is to be decided by the park board."

"I don't think you can decide that under the contract," remarked the mayor. "You have turned the thing over to the division of works and you say that is Mr. Allen.

"As far as my personal opinion is concerned, I don't believe we ought to pay those bills, if they mean a ratification of that contract."

No Legal Money for Claims

The bills include items for expenses incurred in the Brooklyn [sic] offices of the Olmsted Brothers and for certain traveling expenses and for sustenance. They also contain certain claims incurred last December and October when the money was not legally at hand to pay them. The money for [sic] the bond sale has been legally on hand since the first of the year only.

Wadham Asks Opinion

Mayor Wadham asked the opinion of the city attorney on three points relating to the contract which creates the division of works:

First: Has the board of park commissioners the power to delegate its powers?

Second: Has the board power which should continue for four years?

Third: Is the contract binding on the new board?

The city attorney's opinion is: "Ordinarily a public board has not the authority to delegate the powers which have been entrusted to it."

In another paragraph, the city attorney declares: "I cannot concede that any man or body of men outside of the park commissioners have the right to determine finally what kind of buildings shall be erected, what material shall be used, or what their designs shall be. The division of works would not be responsible. This I believe is the only provision that the agreement provides shall be absolutely out of the hands of the park commissioners. So far as the construction of the buildings, structures and improvements are concerned, the board of park commissioners may or may not let the matter rest with the division of works; but, I repeat, so far as the architectural and engineering plans are concerned, the park commissioners appear to be bound by this unofficial body, and in this respect and to that extent, I conclude this contract is unlawful. However, it is not intended to intimate that the board of park commissioners have not the right to make a contract for the services of architects and engineers in carrying on the work which the charter entrusts to their hands."

The opinion cites a ruling to show that courts look with disfavor upon contracts by municipalities involving the payment of money which extends over a long period of time because they may involve an undue restraint upon the powers of the successors of the board and because such contracts in their nature tend to create a monopoly.

Concluding, the opinion declares that: "if you feel that the contract is not advantageous to the city, that it would be easy to notify the exposition people of your attitude, and that the park commissioners would not any further be bound to the agreement."

McHorney is Clerk of Park Commission

That the new park commission expects to dive into a mass of work was shown yesterday by the appointment of Nathaniel J. McHorney as clerk of the board. The appointment was strongly recommended by Judge M. A. Luce, who stated that the duties of the board were becoming so arduous that a clerk was a necessity.

Mr. McHorney will serve as a general utility man. His duties will require him to serve not only as clerk but will take him into Balboa Park as a representative of the commission.

The appointee, whose salary has been fixed at $125 a month, is considered well qualified for the place. He has served years as an auditor and accountant for corporations and was employed in that capacity in their Wall street offices. He is expected particularly to look after the disbursements of money and to keep the books of the park commission.

BRALY WOULD MAKE, NOT BREAK FAIR

"I don't want to break the exposition," said Clark Braly after the meeting yesterday. "It is my determination to make it. I am living in San Diego. I love the place. I am educating my children here. With the other members of the commission, Mayor Wadham has intrusted me with a great work. If this exposition is not a success, I won't be able to live in this city. I would have to move. But I don't want to move; therefore, I am going to do all I can to inspire the people with confidence in the exposition management and make it a success. First, however, we will have to get at all the facts. This I am determined to do. Then we can go ahead and go ahead right."

Mr. Braly expects to see personally every contractor or other person who has a bill against the commission. His purpose is to get all interested parties together for the sake of harmony and cooperation.

The meeting of the park commission was adjourned yesterday until Monday morning at 10 o'clock.

San Diego Union, May 26, 1911, 16:1. Representative from Brazil to reach here soon.

May 27, 1911. Box w, Board of Park Commissioners, Correspondence, San Diego Public Library: File, Board of Park Commissioners, 1911. . . . Letter, Building Trade Council to Mayor of the City of San Diego protesting against the employment of Frank P. Allen as supervising architect and engineer for the California-Panama Exposition [sic] of San Diego because of exorbitant compensation; because he will not employ contractors and laboring men of the city, and because local workers were overlooked in the construction of Fair buildings in Portland and Seattle.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, May 27, 1911, 10:2. State Senator Weight defends Pursell Permit for City Park Line; Park Board to be acquainted with situation at meeting Monday; does not like to offend esthetic sense of Moses A. Luce and Thomas O'Hallaran.

That the new park board will be made fully acquainted with the position of the Interurban Investment Company regarding a franchise for a line through the city park was made evident this morning by State Senator Leroy A. Wright, attorney for the company and for G. W. Pursell. In reference to the statement printed this morning from M. A. Luce, former member of the park board, Senator Wright said:

"We would like to see the whole world a rose garden like Mr. Luce, but if it was people would starve to death. We have to have some of the more material things in life if it does offend the esthetic sense of Moses A. Luce and Thomas O'Hallaran.

The matter will come up Monday before the board of park commissioners at which time a full statement of the attitude of the Interurban Investment company , which has succeeded to all the interests of G. W. Pursell, will be made. This company will carry out to the letter the terms of the permit granted by the old park board with the exception that it will be impossible to complete the road in the time specified in the old permit, which is June 1 of this year.

"All the Interurban Investment company now asks is the extension of that permit on the same terms granted by the council on the 17^th of this month. The old permit provided that shrubbery should be planted on the right of way for 100 feet either side of the center line, the plantations to be designated in writing by the park commission. This designation never was made by Commissioners Luce and O'Hallaran, who attempted to cancel the franchise without giving Mr. Pursell any hearing whatever.

"When the attempt was made the company had forty-head of mules at work on the line. It is not the purpose of the Interurban Investment company to mar the park, but to add to its attractiveness. A park is something more than a thing of beauty. It must be a place for recreation where all classes of people can resort. At present there is no means of access to Balboa park except by autos and the park, consequently, is beyond the reach of any except the rich and well-to-do.

"One condition of the permit to Mr. Pursell was that an attractive station be maintained near a picnic ground in the park, which has already been planted to trees in the canyon near the east boundary line. The Pursell line is intended to give service to this picnic ground.

"Inasmuch as considerably over $50,000 has been spent and the work is being prosecuted more vigorously than ever, it would seem the height of injustice, not only from the standpoint of those interested financially, but to the public which wants better communication with La Mesa, El Cajon and Escondido, to block all chance of its success by refusing to extend the time in which to complete the line.

"The company does not propose to have a controversy through the newspapers or elsewhere about the matter. A full statement will be made to the park board Monday.

"I wish, however, to add that a few days before Mr. Luce and Mr. O'Hallaran made the order canceling the permit, Mr. Pursell made a contract with Mr. Luce for the purchase of rights-of-way through property two miles east of the city limits."

San Diego Union, May 27, 1911, 18:1. Luce quits Park Board with rap at Pursell; protests against granting of franchise for railway in pleasure ground; Sefton in conferences; calls on mayor, also on commissioners; all refuse to be interviewed.

Judge M. A. Luce, the hold-over member of the park commission, has resigned and Mayor Wadham is looking for a man to fill the vacancy.

Mr. Luce declared at Thursday's meeting of the commission that he was willing to remain at the post as long as desirable in order to give his newly-appointed colleagues every opportunity to acquaint themselves with their new duties and to direct them into harmonious relations with the exposition officials.

As his resignation has been requested by Mayor Wadham, it is concluded that the judge gave the two new members of the commission all the information necessary to guide them to a policy for the future.

Sefton Has Busy Day

Joseph Sefton, acting director general of the Panama-California exposition, held several conferences with the mayor. He called at the office in the city hall and later again was closeted with him and Commissioners Clark Braly and George R. Harrison. All parties to the conference refused to reveal the nature of their discussions except to say they were arranging for harmonious cooperation.

The dismissal of Frank P. Allen, who with his subordinates constitutes the division of works, is suspected to be the principal point of contention. The mayor and the two commissioners question the value of his services. The exposition chiefs, however, regard him as a valuable man.

Protests Against Franchise

Judge Luce, in announcing his resignation, states:

"As my resignation from the park board has been requested by Mayor Wadham, and I have complied with it by resigning, I will be unable to be present with the board of park commissioners at the time at which, I see by the newspapers, Senator Wright will apply for a renewal of the franchise of the Pursell railway through the park. Nevertheless, I am still a citizen of the city of San Diego and interested in the park, and I hereby ask you to publish my protest as a citizen."

This franchise was announced in an evening paper to come up for discussion Monday when the commissioners propose to continue the investigation of the duties performed and bills paid by the former body. It can, therefore, be taken that Judge Luce does not expect to be present.

Explains His Objections

I protest against granting a franchise for this railway through the park for the following reasons:

1. On general principles I do not believe in granting a franchise for any railway through the park.
2. Granting, however, that great advantages might accrue to the city of San Diego by the granting of this particular franchise, I protest against this particular one because the applicant has not shown to this board that it has the financial ability to construct this proposed railway.
3. That Mr. Pursell, to whom this franchise was formerly granted and who represents the present applicant, has not fulfilled in good faith the obligations and conditions of the former franchise. And there is nothing to show that he will any more certainly fulfill the requirements and conditions of this one.
4. That he stated before, at two different times, that he had his proposition financed, but in both cases he has proved to have been mistaken.
5. I do not believe in granting any franchise whatever, in the city of San Diego, much more in the public park, to promoters and speculators who use the franchise or permit as assets for the purpose of making money out of these valuable franchises.
6. I believe in conserving all the assets belonging to the people of the city of San Diego for the purpose of benefiting the people at large, and not for the purpose of benefiting some speculator or promoter.
7. I also protest against the renewal of this permit because Mr. Pursell so recklessly disregarded the rights of the city and the public in constructing his embankment through the valley to the park by cutting down the sides of the hills and scarifying its slopes and hauling away the soil from portions of the park over which he had no control or permit. I have no faith in him or his company fulfilling any of the conditions or obligations of the present proposed permit.

1. A. Luce

San Diego Union, May 28, 1911, 4:1. EDITORIAL: Sehon's Unfortunate Letter . . . It is Capt. Sehon and not the press that is responsible for any mistakes in the police department. . . . It is sufficient to remark that Capt. Sehon's conduct throughout the affair is merely another proof of the generally recognized fact that he is temperamentally and otherwise unfit for the position he holds.

San Diego Union, May 28, 1911, 5:1. F. William Vogt appointed to succeed Luce, the appointee a Republican has been a resident of San Diego for 23 years.

San Diego Union, May 28, 1911, 5:2-3. Woman's Floral Pageant to typify youth, mirth, jollity.

May 29, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: F. William Vogt appointed to Board to replace M. A. Luce who has resigned.

San Diego Sun, May 29, 1911, 2:1-2. Sefton demands payment of bills for park work; says he must have answer of Commissioners by tonight; work in the park temporarily stopped; refuses to discuss contract until bills are allowed and declares that he stands ready to put entire proposition in the hands of the stockholders.

San Diego Sun, May 29, 1911, 5:2. Women offer Exposition $100,000 building. A permanent clubhouse for the women of San Diego to be the most beautiful and costly of all the chapter houses of the American Women's League, costing approximately $100,000 is offered the Panama-California exposition in a proposition made by E. G. Lewis of St. Louis and University City, Mo. The proposition is to be considered today by the building and grounds committee and it is expected it will be accepted.

San Diego Sun, May 30, 1911, 8:7-8. Up to Park Board now, says Sefton after Star Chamber session closes; Commissioners are said to have decided that Allen must go; will honor old debts, but are going to authorize their own Exposition contracts hereafter.

In "star chamber" session yesterday afternoon, a meeting behind close doors, from which both public and press were barred, the board of park commissioners first allowed the $29,000 due for work already done in the big City Park and then proceeded to repudiate the contract made by the old park board with the exposition directors.

Joseph W. Sefton of the exposition company, who had appeared before the commissioners yesterday and demanded the settlement of the bills, had won one point and lost another. He left the meeting declaring the he had done his best and that it was up to the park commissioners to make the next move.

When the door to the park commissioners' chamber in the mayor's private office in the Granger building was at last opened last evening, this typewritten statement was given out for publication.

First: That we ascertain what we are paying for.

Second: Honor so far as possible the debts created by the old park board.

Third: That we positively refuse to be bound by or recognize or be in any way affected by the contract dated January, 1911, between the park board and the exposition.

Fourth: The park board will pay no bills in future not directly authorized and contracted for by the board.

Sefton Talks

To a Sun reporter last night Mr. Sefton announced that work would not be resumed in the park by the exposition company.

"It would never do to have two separate companies or organizations operating there," he said. "I shall do nothing. It is up to them to make the next move. They have practically demanded the discharge of Mr. Allen. There is a penalty clause to that contract which cannot be overlooked. It will not be so easy a matter to get rid of Allen as they may think, and may cost us $25,000.

Asked if it seemed to be the intention of the board to place City Engineer Capps in charge of the work,

Sefton answered that it seemed to him that was their plan.

Auditor C. A. Richards was present at the meeting yesterday afternoon and vouchers for all the bills were produced which were carefully gone over by the park commissioners.

The commission will see that the watering of trees and shrubbery in the park is kept up until work is resumed.

San Diego Union, May 29, 1911, 9:1. American Women's League offers to erect a $100,000 building if the City will give a 5-acre site in Balboa Park; will employ George Julian Zolnay as director of sculpture for exposition, and will held League secure 1,000 members in San Diego; offer made May 28.

San Diego Union, May 29, 1911, 18:1. Michigan Society plans to build arch at Exposition.

San Diego Sun, May 30, 1911. Public Meeting for Exposition Project . . . E. G. Lewis has requested that a meeting be called for Friday evening of this week to secure the necessary assurance of hearty support by San Diegans of his proposition on behalf of the American Woman's League to erect a $100,000 building at the Panama-California exposition.

San Diego Sun, May 30, 1911, "The Isthmus," or amusement street of the ground-breaking celebration, to have some shows.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1911. President's flag to be unfurled at San Diego celebration; Executive himself may spread emblem by touching an electric button; soldiers, sailors and marines to take part in groundbreaking ceremony.

San Diego Union, May 30, 1911, II, 9:2-3. Sefton demands payment of $29,000 due Exposition; Park Board members are reluctant, fearing such action will ratify contract; agree to most of claim.

May 31, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Interurban Investment Co. given extension of one year to complete Pursell road.

San Diego Sun, May 31, 1911, 1:1. Park Board going ahead on Exposition job.

Five representatives of the San Diego Builders' exchange this morning called upon the board of park commissioners at a special session held in the regular chambers of the city hall. They called to suggest that San Diego contractors be allowed to bid upon the construction of the exposition buildings in the city park, and that local men, who are able to furnish the materials for the buildings and grounds, be given a chance to bid as well as outside concerns.

San Diego Sun, May 31, 1911, 1:7. Park Franchise is given to Pursell.

San Diego Sun, May 31, 1911, 8. Braly for real zoo; gets owl; menagerie in park will be enlarged by new park commissioners.

San Diego Sun, May 31, 1911, 8. Councilman Adams says sell park lands; declares that 1400-acre resort is much too big.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 1, 1911, 10:1. Lawyers to advise on 1915 Fair tangle; legal advisory committee to consider questions bearing on issue with Park Board; asked by Sefton; charter provisions and state law are involved; City Attorney W. R. Andrews and E. H. Lamme, of the Committee, will have conference tomorrow on legal points.

San Diego Sun, June 1, 1911, 1:5, 8:7. All Exposition Work for Council? Maybe the Park Board has no real power to spend that million. Mayor has doubts. Legal committee of the Exposition company will look into the big question.

San Diego Union, June 1, 1911, 7:1. San Diegans ask chance to bid on Fair work; builders say Park Board to retain control of bond money.

San Diego Union, June 1, 1911, 16:1. Pursell franchise extended for one year.

San Diego Union, June 2, 1911, 5:1. Santa Fe Railway big booster for Exposition.

San Diego Union, June 3, 1911, II, 9:1-2. Benjamin H. Vreeland, public accountant and auditor, reports on Exposition accounts; shows amounts received and disbursed since inception of Fair project; figures are made public. . . . "I am pleased to report that the books have been reasonably well kept and are in the main correct, there being several unimportant differences, however, to which the attention of your auditor has been called, but which occasioned no financial loss to the exposition."

San Diego Sun, June 4, 1911, 8:5. Auditor Vreeland reports Exposition books are okay; praises Collier and Allen.

San Diego Union, June 4, 1911, 17:1. The ordinance which City Attorney Andrews presented yesterday to make the Park Commission the agent for the Common Council and to place the city engineer in charge of improving Balboa Park for the Park Board came as a surprise to the Commissioners and the councilmen.

June 5, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Louis Witzer given permit to use a shot gun to kill rabbits in the park.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 5, 1911, 5:2. Electric 1915 sign may be erected on highest point in park.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 5, 1911, 5:3. Financial condition of the 1915 Fair is revealed by accountant; report, taking six weeks to complete, shows all receipts and expenses; Collier pays own expenses.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 5, 1911, 8:2. Council defers action on park work plan to make the Park Commissioners the City Council's agents in the park..

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 5, 1911, 12:1. Park Board is urged to help playgrounds; meeting will be held with improvement clubs in near future.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 5, 1911, 12:2. Park ordinance delegating Council's authority to the Board of Park Commissioners will come up Wednesday; Council refers proposed measure to the Committee of the Whole.

San Diego Sun, June 5, 1911, 3:1. Mission parade will have many float captains; over 580 officers and men organize for celebration.

San Diego Sun, June 5, 1911, 8:2-3. Council defers action on park work plan: Mr. Capps, city engineer, willing to take job of overseeing work for the Exposition if called upon.

San Diego Union, June 5, 1911, 8:1. San Diego and San Francisco fight for federal aid; San Diego plans details of Exposition.

June 6, 1911.

NIGHT LETTER,

Brookline, Mass.

6^th June, 1911

JULIUS WANGENHEIM

Bank of Commerce & Trust Company, San Diego, Cal.

Col. Collier asked me here yesterday to agree to Goodhue's exposition site middle Balboa Park. Replied that as a park designer impossible to do so. Believe it would be gross violation of duty for Park Commission to ruin park by putting exposition in middle of it. Exposition would be somewhat more grandiose there but that gain would not justify ruining park, would cost more there because of bridge, would not take in nearly as much there for gate money and concessions, especially in evening, would not advertise city and harbor as well as by close and full view, and would leave permanent buildings in remote and unsuitable place, especially for evening entertainments. Any desired area for foreign governments, Indian villages, aeroplane field and such will be made accessible from southern site by Midland Drive and drive on dam placed further down canyon than first planned. Site cannot be prudently changed in middle of park until after detailed estimates have been made both for exposition and electric railway to it. My guess is latter will cost over one hundred fifty thousand dollars if properly sunken to avoid unwarrantable injury to park. Park Commissioners not justifiable if they change site to middle of park hastily without estimates and against urgent recommendation of their professional advisor. Recommend Breaking Ground Ceremonies take place of spur thirteen hundred feet north of High School with grant stand facing view.

JOHN C. OLMSTED

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 6, 1911, 1:1. School Board and Park Commissioners plan to rush stadium in park to completion.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 6, 1911, 6:4. Unique plan for lighting streets for carnival is arranged.

San Diego Sun, June 6, 1911, 1:8. Stadium in park to be rushed to completion.

San Diego Sun, June 6, 1911, 5:3. Plans submitted for Polytechnic School; nine bid; $200,000 in bonds recently voted.

San Diego Union, June 6, 1911, 4:1. EDITORIAL: Control of the Exposition . . . The newly prepared ordinance under which the common council makes the park commission its agent for superintending the expenditure of the proceeds of the so-called exposition bonds, will be considered by the legislative body tomorrow afternoon and doubtless there will be ample opportunity for all to be heard who so desire. In the meantime it is hoped that there will be an earnest effort to reach an amicable understanding among all citizens who, in one capacity or another, have to do the work of arranging for the exposition of 1915. Without such understanding, there appears to be reason to fear that the project, in whose success all San Diego is so deeply concerned, may sustain a serious setback.

The situation is delicate and calls for broad comity on the part of all who are charged with the exposition work. Legally, the $1,000,000 of bonds authorized by the people last summer were voted for park improvements. Practically, however, the issue was ordered primarily for exposition purposes. It is true that the contemplated park improvements will be a bona fide, permanent betterment of the park. It is equally true, probably, that the $1,000,000 in bonds would not have been voted, had it not been for the general understanding that the improvements would serve as a substantial basis for the exposition. It appears, however, from the ordinance under which the bonds were voted, that the proceeds, as in the case of an ordinary issue of municipal bonds, may be expended under the control of the common council, and this is the view expressed by the city attorney.

Then arises a peculiar condition of affairs. San Diego, for the preliminary financing of the exposition, has provided a fund of $2,000,000 --- one half by popular subscription and the other half by a bond issue. The exposition officials have charge of the expenditure of the $1,000,000 subscribed --- nobody challengers their right in that matter. Now it is proposed that the common council, or the park commission acting as its agent, shall direct the expenditure of the $1,000,000 raised by bond issue. Such an arrangement will be an anomaly. It will mean two totally distinct government bodies, each independent of the other and each "bossing" one half of a great undertaking that can properly be carried to success only by dealing with it as a whole. And while there will be two sets of bosses, there will be nobody in charge of the entire work, and responsible for its due performance. A little reflection will probably convince most persons that such an arrangement holds out feeble promises. It certainly is not the method usually followed in carrying large and complex enterprises to entire success.

It will be noted, too, that under the pending plan for the control of the expenditure of the $1,000,000 raised by bonding, leading citizens who have been tireless in promoting the exposition, who have borne the brunt of the struggle at home and abroad to place the undertaking on a substantial basis, will be without voice in determining matters that may be of vital importance to the success of the great enterprise.

However, if all who have to do with the exposition will make an earnest effort to work in harmony, there is no reason why the difficulties that have now arise may not be overcome. Perhaps it is well here to receive a hint from the expedient of which advantage was taken when it was desired to bond the city for the exposition. Legally it could not have been done directly. But bonds for park improvement could be issued legally. So there was a sort of "gentlemen's agreement" that while there should be compliance with the law, the bond issue should serve almost the same purpose that it would, had it been voted expressly for the exposition. There is no reason why there should not now be another tacit understanding or "gentlemen's agreement" under which the law may be observed and, at the same time, the dangerous anomaly of a great undertaking controlled in sections, and without any responsible head, may be avoided.

It is possible and wholly practicable to have a satisfactory working agreement between the common council, or its agent, the park commission, and the exposition authorities. But if there is to be such an arrangement, it will be the result of a spirit of comity, and of a general desire to promote the interests of San Diego by making the exposition a success.

People will hope that the subject will be approached in a spirit of tolerance and good will by all who are charged with the exposition work. It need not be suggested that the exposition is the last thing on earth with which to attempt to play politics, or by which to seek to punish enemies or reward friends. San Diego has too much at stake. To fail now to carry out this great undertaking, after the time, labor, money and publicity that have been given to it, would be little less than a disaster to this city.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 7, 1911, 1:5. U. S. Grant, Jr. to turn first sod on Fair site; five other noted men to use shovel

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 7, 1911, 6:1. Park ordinance before city council; committee of the whole discussing measure and will probably strike out provision regarding city engineer.

San Diego Sun, June 7, 1911, 1:3-4. Collier coming to tackle Exposition tangle.

San Diego Sun, June 7, 1911, 4. EDITORIAL . . . supports Park Board in controversy. . . . "If things go wrong, the people can lay their hands on the men at fault, and demand that the mayor shake things up."

San Diego Union, June 7, 1911, 16:1. Fair directors and Park Board hold harmony conference.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 8, 1911, 10:5. Mayor, engineer and Park Board meet; whether matter of selection of engineer for Park Commission will come up is not stated by officials.

San Diego Sun, June 8, 1911, 10:2. Collier arrived in Chicago, then went back East; Council considers city engineer overworked as it is.

San Diego Union, June 8, 1911, 4:1. EDITORIAL: For A City Beautiful.

San Diego Union, June 8, 1911, 8:1-3. Council instructs Park Board to select engineer of park work; contract with Frank P. Allen now becomes center of attack; Exposition directors insist that present system is essential to success.

San Diego Union, June 8, 1911, 8:2-3. Report criticizes Fair management; Wide Awake Club listens to statement by John Urguhart, chairman of the committee appointed to investigate charges made by Frank Householder that the exposition management has been extravagant in its expenditure of funds. . . . Out of fourteen men employed as laborers on the exposition work in the park, only four were voters in San Diego . . . Frank P. Allen did not arrive here until March 6, yet drew his $1,666.66 salary for the month of February.

June 9, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Board invited soldiers located at Roseville to use the park on a temporary basis.

San Diego Union, June 11, 1911, 5:1. President Taft tells Collier he will press button for July groundbreaking; intimates he will sign Congressional resolution when it is presented to him.

San Diego Union, June 11, 1911, 10 (whole page) Fair directors make reports to public; declare their faith in Director of Works; compare use of Director of Works with a dual-contract system.

June 12, 1911, Board of Park Commissioners: Ordinance No. 4452 passed by Common Council on June 9, 1911 appointed Board of Park Commissioners as agent for improving the park; approved by Mayor Wadham on June 10; rifle range to be removed from the park.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 12, 1911, 9:1. Park Board to act on Playgrounds.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 12, 1911, 9:2. Park engineer to be named soon; members of Board of Park Commissioners have man in mind.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 12, 1911, 10:1. Fair directors convinced Allen will save $250,000.

San Diego Union, June 12, 1911, 6:2-5. Fair directors convinced Allen will save $250,000; declare no other engineer has kept an exposition within the estimated cost; text of contract given out.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 13, 1911, 1:5. Measure ordering park bills paid is drafted; act destined to remove an doubt as to legality of contract by old board before funds are available.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 13, 1911, 7:1. H. M. Kutchin scores Park Commissioners; mayor also taken to task for attitude toward Panama-California Exposition Company.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 13, 1911, 7:4. Thomas O'Hallaran, George W. Marston and Louis J. Wilde named State building commissioners.

San Diego Union, June 13, 1911, 9:1-4. Exposition directors indorse employment by committee of Olmsteds, Goodhue and Allen; report outlines agreement with Park Commissioners.

June 14, 1911, George W. Marston Papers, Collection 219, Box 2, File No. 25, Panama-California Exposition - Buildings and Grounds Committee; Letter, June 14, 1911, G. W. Marston to J. C. Olmsted.

My dear Mr. Olmstead:

Your letter of June 3^rd has been unanswered for too long but outside work has kept me away so much from my office that it has been almost impossible to keep up with the daily demands. In respect to the sub-division of my land across the canyon, it does not matter very much yet, but I hope that in this coming season, that is, in the winter time, your firm can take up the business and complete it.

Mr. Allen has promised me to accede to your ideas about the location of the exposition and not to agitate further the change. His agreement is not an absolute one, but he acceded to my representations that this divided choice was very harmful and said he would be very glad to be governed by my wishes.

However, all these things are in abeyance pending the settlement of the more important matter. That is, whether the present Park Commissioners carry on their work independently or come into the plan and program of the exposition and its contracts with the Park Board and its contracts with Allen, Goodhue and yourself. I am sending you herewith the newspaper publications of the week. Allen wrote me for the description of the Division of Works. My own written report for the Buildings and Grounds Committee appeared yesterday morning. We shall continue to present reports and letters through the week and expect to arouse public sentiment for our side of the case. It seems as if nothing would move Mr. Clark Braly and if the combined force of the Chamber of Commerce, Merchants' Association, Exposition, improvement clubs, and other supporting elements do not have the effect of making him come in, there will be nothing else to do but to secure his removal. It is a serious condition and threatens the life of the exposition.

Mayor Wadham has been away for several days and I do not know whether he had modified his views or not. We are still uncertain how this will come out but I have hopes that the people will soon see that there is only ruin for the whole enterprise if the Wadham-Braly plans are allowed to be carried out.

I have advised Colonel Collier by telegram that I think he ought to come home. Have not yet heard from him in replay. I will keep you posted by sending you newspapers and will also write again.

I am very glad to have in writing the views you expressed in your letter concerning the location of the exposition and the reasons for opposing the central site and the granting of railroad facilities through the center of the park.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 14, 1911, 10:2. Choate says retention of Olmstead [sic], Allen and Goodhue is essential.

San Diego Union, June 14, 1911, 5:2-4. Architects chosen for skill as shown by achievements; Park Board sought to give San Diego a pleasure ground to compare favorably with any; acted after investigation.

San Diego Union, June 14, 1911, 7:2. City Attorney prepares ordinance to pay back $23,560.17 to Exposition company.

San Diego Sun, June 15, 1911, 1:1-2. Ferris arrested; U.S. Marshall takes promoter of a federal warrant accusing him of being a filibuster.

San Diego Sun, June 15, 1911, 1:3. Envoy from Brazil shown about park.

San Diego Sun, June 15, 1911, 7:7-8. Attempt to recall may follow Exposition trouble; rumors of a plan to oust Mayor and Park Board if they do not "show hand." Wadham is in San Francisco and Braly refuses to talk. Sefton demands charges be substantiated.

San Diego Union, June 15, 1911, 4:1. EDITORIAL: The Exposition Controversy . . . The people of San Diego will do well to pay more attention than they have been giving recently to the exposition, and especially to the situation that has developed since the change in the personnel of the park board. For many months past, while there has been no apathy in regard to the great enterprise, the average citizen has seen no reason why he should actively concern himself about the project. The million dollar fund had been subscribed, the bonds had been voted, and the management of the exposition company was one to inspire implicit confidence that the undertaking would be carried to success. In these conditions there appeared no reason why the people should trouble themselves about the affair. The situation that is now presented, however, is very different. It calls for the thoughtful consideration of every public-spirited man and woman in the community.

The truth is unpleasant, but it must be faced. Unless the present controversy can be eliminated, and some sort of a working agreement reached by the park board and the exposition directors, San Diego's plans for 1915 may have to be abandoned. To carry them out under present conditions would be apparently impossible. As matters now are, one set of officials has charge of spending one half of the total fund of $2,000,000 upon improvements designed to form what might, perhaps, be styled the basis and setting of the exposition. The directors of the latter have charge of spending the other million upon what might be called the superstructure, using the term in a very broad sense. Such an arrangement will involve two sets of employees for work that could be better performed by one set. It will involve, too, other objectionable features that will readily suggest themselves to persons who give thought to the subject. But the worst of those features is the lack of any central authority to direct the undertaking. A more unscientific and impracticable plan of carrying out a great enterprise could hardly be conceived. No great undertaking of like nature was ever brought to success by such methods, and probably none ever will be.

It is not the purpose here to criticize the park board, but it would be interesting to know how the members of that body suppose that a great exposition can be created by the methods contemplated. The board can proceed along the technical lines of the terms of the bond issue, laying out roads, erecting permanent structures, etc. But unless this task is performed in collaboration with the men who have planned the exposition as a whole, the results will be a series of misfits that are likely to be as absurd as deplorable. And unfortunately the attitude of members of the board is not one that encourages the idea that they purpose to act otherwise than in entire independence of the exposition directors who have devoted months to planning every detail of the undertaking --- a project in which, by the way, not one of the park commissioners has heretofore displayed any notable interest.

In a previous article in this paper it was suggested that there ought to be a way in which the directors and park commissioners could get together and arrange to act in harmony. The Union sees no reason to change the opinion there expressed. The agreement last January between the exposition company and the former park board appears to have been an admirable agreement for enabling the parties to it to work in perfect unison. While it was in operating, the exposition plans were being carried out in much the same manner as if their execution had been directed by a single body of by even an individual. It would be fortunate if that agreement could be again put in force, and there appears to be no valid reason why it should not be. But whether than plan is adopted again or not, there should be no difficulty in reaching some basis of a satisfactory agreement.

Of course the law should be observed. But there should be no sticking for rigid technicalities. In all save a strict legal sense the bonds voted last year are exposition bonds. The primary object of voting them was to add another $1,000,000 to the exposition fund, and while that money can be legally applied to park improvement only, it was the success of the exposition, and not the improvement of the park, desirable though it be, that was in the minds of the voters when they ordered the issue. In these conditions it certainly appears that good faith to the people who voted those bonds for the exposition demands that in the expenditure of the money by the park board there should be regard for the wishes of the men whose labor, courage and self-sacrifice made the exposition possible. And this can be done, legally done, provided there is a genuine desire among all persons concerned, to sink all differences and personal feeling and to work in harmony for the success of the enterprise which promises so much for San Diego.

It is for these reasons that the people of the city should be giving attention to the exposition situation. Their will is very likely to prevail, if they give expression to it. But there is no time to waste. The situation is daily becoming more acute. The people of San Diego will do well to recognize at once the painful truth that the exposition itself, and not merely its success, is menaced by the lack of harmony. They should realize, too, that it is in their power to avert the menace. If they demand that the present controversy be ended, a way will be found to end it in short notice.

The people of this city have done their part to promote the success of the exposition. They have given freely and gone into debt to give more. They have a right to insist that they shall not be deprived of the fruits of their public spirit because of jealousy, animosity, politics or technicalities.

And if it shall come to pass that the grand undertaking which has made San Diego known the length and breadth of this land, shall end in failure and humiliation, the people of this city will place the blame where it belongs.

June 15, 1911, George W. Marston Papers, Collection 219, Box 2, File 25, San Diego Historical Society Research Archives.

Letter, June 15, 1911, George W. Marston to William Clayton . . . Having just heard of the resignations which you and Mr. Spreckels have presented to the Exposition directorate, I infer that you consider it absolutely impossible to continue the effort for an Exposition unless the Park authorities will cooperate with the Exposition directorate, and accept the foundations already laid in their contracts and agreements. I do not think that any compromise is possible. The organization that has been built up and the engagements made with Allen, Goodhue and Olmstead [sic] are so absolute and the work has got on so far that to make any change now would be just about as insane as for Mr. Spreckels to discharge Mr. Albright and Mr. Engstron and then tell the Federated Trades to finish the job. I shall resign myself from the Buildings and Grounds Committee if the City does not sustain the present plans.

I think that the editorial in this morning's Union was not only timely but also sensible and convincing. What has surprised me greatly is the general public indifference to this matter which effects [sic] so vitally the Exposition and also the permanent improvements in the Park. Personally, I think that if expenditures of one million dollars is to be put into the hands of Clark Braly and men of his caliber that the Park will be damaged more than it will be improved.

After giving seven years work to the development of the city park, I have felt exceedingly depressed in thinking of the possible mutilation that ignorance and misdirection may bring upon us.

I hope that the action that you and others have taken and the vigorous steps that the directorate proposes to take at once will be of some avail in brining us out of this difficulty. I was never much in favor of an Exposition, but now that the city is committed to it, I feel we must rally around Collier and keep it up.

San Diego Union, June 15, 1911, 5:1-4. Sefton calls on Mayor Wadham to substantiate charges. Acting Director General defends Publicity Bureau. Total expense $32,375.

San Diego Union, June 15, 1911, 5:4. Rufus Choate, secretary of the San Diego Chamber of Commerce, wires protest against Exposition change.

San Diego Union, June 15, 1911. Director-General John Barrett of the Pan-American Union has invited Pan-American republics to take part in San Diego exposition; Eugenio Dahne, commissioner of the Brazilian government representing the departments of agriculture, commerce and industry, is in San Diego to decide the scope and extent of the Brazilian exhibit.

(San Diego) Evening Tribune, June 16, 1911, 3:1. Ferris to go to Los Angeles Saturday; says his attorneys have informed him there will be little difficulty in proving his innocence.

San Diego Sun, June 16, 1911, 1:5. EDITORIAL: Stop the Fighting . . . Stop the fussing until a calm above-board discussion can be had.

San Diego Sun, June 16, 1911, 1:7-8. President Braly says Park Board will answer charges; he will speak as soon as the other side stops.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1911, 7:3. Plan big 1915 sign for park; Board of Park Commissioners receives suggestions on proposed advertisement; Braly suggested big electric 1915 sign should be erected at highest point in Balboa Park and illuminated at night.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1911, 8:1. Fair directors urge Mayor Wadham to return from San Francisco.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1911, 8:1. At a meeting of the San Diego Floral Association, June 15, Kate Sessions endorsed work done by John C. Olmsted in the park.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1911, 8:2-3. Jack Dodge succeeds Dick Ferris as manager of groundbreaking carnival.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1911, 9:1. Dick Ferris arrested for violating neutrality laws; connection with rebel affairs at Tijuana is basis of accusation.

San Diego Union, June 16, 1911, 10:2. Acting Director General Sefton renders accounts for various departments; specifies work done in park

Board of Directors, Panama-California Exposition

Gentlemen: Following is a report of the work done in the park by the division of works up to and including the month of May, 1911.

Up to June 1, 1911, the division of works expended the following amounts:

Nursery 10,968.99

Nursery 24,050.66

Park Work 23,566.07

Total 58,585.72

Works Office

The amount of $10,968.99 charged is the net cost of the works office to date and includes $ ? of preliminary expenses incurred before the organization of the division of works as well as the cost of topographical surveys of the exposition site.

Nursery

A complete nursery has been installed and equipped. Approximately twenty-five acres have been fenced, piped for water and put under cultivation, and the following buildings have been erected and equipped.

Glass green house 22x100 feet

Lath green house 22x 96 feet

High lath house 96x 96 feet

Low lath house 96x 64 fe